
ass A -^ ^— ^ LU — 

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PRESENTED BY 



\c^Ol 



T H B '^V'?'^ 



AND 

OTHER FAMILIES. 

AS ILLUSTRATED BY 

EXTRACTS FROM WORKS 

IN THE 

PUBLIC LIBRARIES, 

AND 

ORIGINAL LETTERS AND MEMORANDA 

IN THE POSSESSION OF 

CHARLES B. TIERNAN. 



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^Person''. 




THr-; xi-:\v cHrKCH of killtehxax. 
• •orvrv OF i)['i'.i.iN. 




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THE TIERNAN 

AND 

OTHER FAMILIES. 



THE FAMILY OF TIERNAN belongs to the 
County of Meath, Ireland. The name is Celtic; 
"Tier," or "Tierua," signifying "Chief;" and 
"nan" being merely a termination. See "Celtic Dic- 
tionary." 

The name frequently occurs in early Irish history, 
and there are several well-known legpnds connected 
with the family. 

One of them, called "The Blue Knight and the 
Princess Mora, on Lough Mora," was reprinted from 
"The Irish People" in ^^ The New York Freeman's Jour- 
7ial," of March 5, 1864, and is given in the Appendix. 
Another concerning the Princess of Brefni, is com- 
memorated in "Moore's Irish Melodies," in the poem 
commencing "The Valley Lay Smiling Before Me," and 
some members of the family are still prominent in 
Drogheda, and its neighborhood, in Church and State. 



In the Dublin Penny Journal for 1829, there is an 
engraving of the "New Church of Kill-Ternan," or 



TIERNAN. 



properly, '"Kill Tiernun," from which the Picture here, 
is taken. It says : 



"In the prefixed engraving, we present our readers 
with a view of another of the new Churches, erected 
within a few years, in the County of Dublin. 

"Its style is the same, new and fantastic Gothic, 
observable in all those structures ; but as its pretentions 
are less, its faults are possibly fewer ; and in its general 
form, it is an appropriate, as well as pleasing feature, 
in the quiet and romantic scenery in which it is situ- 
ated. 

"It has a stone roof, and is built entirely of the 
granite of the district ; a beautiful material, the value 
of which has been only recently appreciated. 

"Killternan, or properly Kill Tiernan ('Kill,' in 
the Irish language signifies 'Church.") The Church of 
Tiernan, is a very ancient parish ; and its original 
Church, a small, but picturesque ruin of the earliest 
Christian times, still exists; and is situated about a 
quarter of a mile from the new edifice. 

"The parish is at present a vicarage in the diocese 
of Dublin, and is now united to the old parish of Kil- 
gobbin, which was lately a curacy, and in which the 
Church, which till lately served for both parishes, was 
situated. It was taken down upon the erection of the 
present building. — G." 



".7'/(e uVew York Herald,'' of January 23, 1882, has 
the followino- Kotice: 



"Very Kev. Canon Tiernan. 
"The Very l\ev. Canon Tiernan, of Drogheda, Ire- 



TIERls"A]Sr. 



land, an Eminent ecclesiastic of the Roman Catholic 
Church, has jnst died at an advanced age. 

"Although only a parish priest, he was iuve&ted 
with the dignity of Primate of Ireland. 

"He was a very active and efficif^nt supporter of 
the Anglo-Irish whig party in politics." 



Some of the family immigrated to America during 
the latter half of the eighteenth century. 



Patrick Tiernan, a cousin of Luke Tiernan, 
was in the Revolutionary Army. 

Upon the West side of the Dining Room, at Mount 
Vernon, now the New York Room, is the large Picture 
of Washington Before Yorktown, by Rembrandt 
Peale. 

There is a separate description of it, as well as a 
mention of it, in the "Visitors' Guide to Mount Vernon," 
on page 28. 

The description says : 



'WASHINGTON BEFORE YORKTOWN. 

"BY 

"Rembrandt Peale. 



"This Equestrian Portrait of WASHINGTON, ac- 
companied by Generals Lafayette, Hamilton, 
Knox. Lincoln, and Rochambeau, represents him in 
the act of giviag orders to commence the entrenchments 
before Yorktown, the scene of the concluding act of 
the great drama of the Revolution. 

"The particular design of the painting is to com- 
memorate GEN. WASHINGTON'S decision of chnrac- 



8 TIER 5f AN. 

ter, as illustrated by the following incident, related to 
the artist by Col. Forest, of Germantown, a member 
of Washington's military family, who was present on 
the occasion : 

"Washington, with his Generals, having surveyed 
the ground and decided on the spot, rode to his tent, 
took a hasty meal, remounted with his staff and rode 
back to the ground, where he found nothing done. In 
a voice unusually loud, he called to Col. Tiernan, Chief 
Engineer, who rode u]) to him, startled and pale. 'Sir,' 
said AVashington, 'did I not order the entrenchments to 
be begun here ? If they are not begun in ten minutes, 
I shall know the reason why!' In ten minutes there 
re two hundred men at work." 



"The pre-eminent correctness of this Portrait of the 
Father of His Country, is proved by the following 
testimonials of his intimate contemporaries. 

"Chief Justice Marshall said of it : 

"I have never seen a Portrait of that great man 
which exhibited so perfect a resemblance of him. 

"The likeness in features is striking, and the 
character of the whole face is preserved and exhibited 
with wonderful accuracy. It is more Washington 
Mniself than any portrait of him I have ever seen." 

"Judge Thatcher, in a letter to Mr. Peale, 
says : 

"It revives in my mind a pleasing recollection of 
that noble and expressive countenance and dignified 
presence, which, during the Revolutionary War, I so 
often contemplated with veneration and delight. 

"The appearance of General Washington, when 
mounted on his lofty steed, was inimitably majestic and 



2 M 



^ 9. 



5 ^ 




TIEKNAN. 11 

graceful, and your Equestrian Portrait, representing 
him at Yorktown, is strikingly characteristic, and forms 
a spectacle peculiarly sublime and interesting." 

"Mr. Charles Wilson Peale, the Father of Rem- 
brandt Peale, and one of the most distinguished Amer- 
ican Artists of his day, expressed his opinion thus: 

"Notwithstanding the celebrity of the last Portrait 
by Stuart, and the success of my last Original, both 
of which were painted in 1795, I feel assured that my 
son, after repeated attempts, during many years, has 
succeeded in producing a Portrait of Washington that 
surpasses all others ; particularly his Equestrian Por- 
trait, which is the most perfect likeness of him I have 
ever seen, true in form, and fine in the expression of 
his countt-nance." 



The elegant walnut frame was made for it from a 
tree grown upon the farm of Eobert Morris, the financier 
of the Eevolution. 

The painting was executed by the Artist, with the 
hope of placing it in the National Capitol. 

This picture of the Dining Eoom at Mount Ver- 
non, is taken from one in "The Illustrated Americati," 
of February 20, 1897. 



Patrick Tiernan married in Hagerstown, April 22, 
1782, Margaret, daughter of ]\lichael McKernan. Their 
eldest son, Michael Tiernan, died in Pittsburg; Francis 
Tiernan was a tea meachant in Philadelphia ; and Peter 
Tiernan was a trustee of the Catholic Church in 
Natchez, Mississippi. 

Eliza Jane Tiernan, daughter of Michael Tiernan, 
became a Eeligious, as Sister Xavier, and Avas the 



/ 



12 TIEKKAN". 

foundress of the Order of the "Sisters of Mercy," in the 
United States. 

The following is a Notice from one of the religious 
newspapers, of the celebration in 1893, of the fiftieth 
anniversary of their establishment. 



"The Foundress Of The Sisteks Of Mercy. 



"On the 12th of the present month, the Sisters of 
Mercy celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of the estab- 
lishment of their admirable institute. 

"They were first introduced into the United States, 
in 1843, by Rt. Rev. Bishop O'Connor, of Pittsburg, 
and have since spread rapidly in many parts of the 
country. The first American member of the Order 
was Miss Eliza Tiernan (Sister Xavier), the daughter 
of a wealthy merchant, who became a great benefactress 
to the struggling community in Pittsburg, bestowing 
upon it the large property bequeathed her by her father. 
The Mercy Hospital in that city was opened in IS-i?. 
The following year, the typhus appeared and several of 
the devoted religious fell victims to their charity in at- 
tending the sick, among whom was Sister Xavier. 

"It is not our intention to sketch the history of the 
Sisters of Mercy in the United States ; but we have 
thought that this brief notice of their holy foundress 
would be read with special interest at this time. We may 
say, however, that the rapid diffusion of the Order over 
this country is almost unequalled in the history of re- 
ligi>>us communities in the New World, and that none 
has been more true to its mission. 



TIEKNAN. i:} 

''Thus niiuiy years she lived a Sister of Mercy; fre- 
(jueiiting 

Lonely and wretched roofs in the crowded lanes of the 
city, 

Where distress and want, concealed themselves from the 
sunlight ; 

Where disease and sorrow, in garrets languished ne- 
glected." — Lomjfelhni' 's '■'Eiuouiclinc." 



Mr. ('. W. Hamilton, of Omaha, Nebraska, has a 
record of this l)ranch of the family. 



14 TIEKNAN", 

Paul TiERSTAi^r, was born in the County of Meatb, 
Ireland, in 1728. He died ]jear Dublin, in 1819. 

Luke Tieknan, bis son, was born in 1757, near 
the battle field, on the river Boyue. 

('. B. Tiei-nan has a memorandum in the hand- 
Arritiiig- of his uncle, William Tiernan, which begins as 
follows: 

"Dilabitnr res familiaris." Cicero. Paulns, avus 
mous, natus Comite Meath, in Hibernia, ad annum 
1728 : obiit juxta Dnblinianse, 1819. 

"Pater mens, Lucius, filius dicti, natus eodem comite, 
1757, obiit, 10 Novembris, 1839. Anne, mater mea, uxor 
dicli Lucii, nata est in Comite Washingtonii, Stat: Mary- 
landicTB, 1776 : obiit 20 mo die Februarii, 1841 : quorum 
filius tertius, prinmm lucem vidit, sexto die Octobris 
MDCCCIX, in studio legum versari incipit mense No- 
vembris MDCCCXXXVI. 

"Ann et Michslis, soror fraterqne a Florida* (St. 
Augustine) redierunt, cum patre, mense Martis 1834. 
Ann, obiit Aprilis : Michaelis obiit mense Maii, eodem 
anno." 



Willit^m Tiernan was considered by some persons, 
as being the most gifted of Luke Tiernan's children. 

He was a man of higb character, had a discrimin- 
ating and intelligent appreciation of Literature, and 
contributed many Articles in the way of literary curi- 
osities, to the Catlwlir Mirror and other newspapers and 
Magazines over the signature P. N., from which he re- 
ceived the nickname of "The Parson." He was very 

*Colonel L. T. Brien, has some very interesiing 
letters concerning this trip to Florida. 



7^'^^^^^?s^rjv "^-*^";::v 




^^^^^-^^^^^^^^ i/c 



C'^yl^'g^t:<,-<.>(^^ 



/// 



s- 



TIERNAN. 17 

intiniiite in the family of his cousin, AlcxundHV Xeill, 
in Hagerstown. He died iinmarried March 18, 1863, 
at the house of Mr. Pochon, on Saratoga near Park 
Street, where he lived for a number of years. 



Luke Tiernazst came to America about 178-1, and 
is believed to have settled first in Hagerstown ; prob- 
ably because some members of the family were already 
there. 

Plis picture in this book is taken from a portrait 
of him, which was presented by C. B. Tiernan to the 
Hibernian Society, and which is now deposited by 
them in the Gallery of the Peabody Institute. 

The plate, and that of Charles Tiernan, were made 
for a "History of Baltimore," by S. B. Nelson, for which 
C. B. Tiernan was requested to furnish a sketch of his 
family, and these portraits. 

The picture of C. B. Tiernan, was taken from one 
made for the "Souvenir Volume of the New Court 
House of Baltimore." 

Luke Tiernan had some literary taste and quite a 
good library; and his signature is taken from one in 
his fine copy of "The Spectator" in eight volumes. 



In "Scharf's History of Western Maryland," vol- 
ume II., page 1302, among the "Notices of Some 
Early Marriages," is: "1793, January 6, by Rev. Mr. 
Cahill, Luke Tiernan, merchant, to Miss Nancy Owen, 
daughter of Mrs. Owen, of Hagerstown. 



C. B. Tiernan has the two wedding rings, the 
bride's and the groom's, which were used on this occa- 
sion. 



18 TIERNAN. 

The inscription in the bride's is ''L. T. married to 
A. 0. 6th January, 1793. 



Ann Owen, the wife of Luke Tiernan, was boi-n in 
1776 ; married January 6, 1793 ; died in Baltimore Feb- 
ruary 20, 1841. 

She was the daughter of Robert Owen, who was 
born August 1, 1750 ; married Rebecca Sweariugen 1773. 
They had issue: Kennedy Owen, born February 4, 
1774; who married Agnes Riddell: Ann Owen, who 
married Luke Tiernan, and Sally Owen, who mar- 
ried Alexander Neill, of Hagerstown, Md. 

In the "Maryland Archives," volume I., page 43'2, 
"Journal and Correspondence of the Council of Safety,'* 
it says : 

"Monday, May 20, 1776. Commission issued by the 
Council, to Robert Owen, appointed Captain of a Com- 
pany of Militia, in the lower District of Frederick 
County, belonging to the 16th Battalion." And on page 
356: "Commission issued hy Council of Safety, to 
Charles Swearingen (brother of Mrs Robert Owen,) 
First Major of 36th Battalion." 



Agnes Riddell, the wife of Kennedy Owen, was 
the daughter of Robert Riddell, a prominent merchant 
of Baltimore, who came to this Country, from Scotland, 
shortly after the Revolution. 

Robert Riddell married Mary Hawkesworth, and 
had issue: Robert Riddell, Jr., who married Miss 

■ -Dalrymple; Mary Riddell, who married James 

Abercrombie of Philadelphia, and 

Agnes Riddell, who married first, Kennedy 



TIERNAN. 19 

WEN", and had issue: Rebecca Owen, who married 
first, Charles Epward Smith, a son of Judge Smith 
of Philadelphia, and had issue: Mary Yates Smith, 
who is buried in Greenmount Cemetary ; She married 
second, James Joyce Grogan. 

Kennedy Eiddell Owen, who married Anna 
Maria Tilghman. 

Mary Owen, who married first, James Lyon ; 
second, William Henry Norris. 

Ann Boyd Owen, who married Sidney Allen 
of Clarke County, Virginia, and 

Agnes Owen, who married Captain Richard 
Lloyd Tilghman, U. S. Navy, 

Kennedy Owen, died in 1817, and his widow 
married Hugh Boyle. 

Robert Riddell, Sr., had a Brother, Alexander 
RiDDELL, who was a prominent Merchant in London. He 
died unmarried, June 3. 1825, and a Tablet was erected 
to his memory, in the Cathedral of Glasgow, in which 
City he was born. 

Robert Owen, was the son of Lawrence Owen, 
who was born April 20, 1714 ; married Sarah (Kennedy ?) 
1738 ; and "departed this life. May 2, 1761, at about one 
o'clock in the afternoon," as stated in the family Bible, 
now in the possesion of Alexander Neill, Jr. 

Lawrence Oaven lived in Frederick, Md. His 
will, proved June 8, 1761, is recorded in Annapolis, in 
Liber D. D. No. 1, folio 375. 

In it, he mentions his wife Sarah; his daughter 
Elizabeth, wife of William Offutt; daughter, Ann 
Hoult; son, Robert Owen; and daughters, Mary, Bar- 
bara, and Rachel Owen. 



20 TIERNAN. 

His wife, Sarah, and brother, Edward Owen, are 
made his executors. 

Lawrence Owen was probably the son of the Rev. 
Robert Owen, who succeeded Rev. Tubman, in St. 
John's Parish, Frederick, in 1703. 

The Owen family immigrated to this Country from 
Wales, about 1684, and settled first in Pennsylvania. 
One branch removed to Maryland about 1700. 

Mr. Charles E. Grogan has taken great interest, 
and has collected much imformation in regard to the 
Owen family. 



VAK SWP:RINCtEX. 



21 



Rebecca Swe.vrikgex, born \n lT-i<i, intirried 
Robert Owen in 1773, was the daughter of Samuel 
Hwearingeii. 

Samuel Swearingej^, born 1725, lived in Frederick 
County, Maryland, was the son of Van Swearingen. 

Tax Swearingen, known as "Maryland \ an," was 
born in Somerset County, in 1692, married Elizabeth 
Walker. He removed to what is now Washington 
County, and took np lands which were i)art of the grant 
of "Ringgold's Manor." 

Van Swearingen, "us the son of Thomas Swear- 
ingen, who was born in St. Mary's City in IBC.;"), mar- 
ried Jane and who purchased land and lived 

in Somerset County, where he died in 1710. 

Thomas Swearingen, was the youngest son of 
Garrett Van Swearingen, and Barbara de Bar- 
rette, his first wife. 



Gerrit Van Sweringen, was a younger son of a 
family belonging to the roltility. in Holland. 

He was born in 1630, and came to Delaware in ir.5(j, 
and settled at New Amstel, now New Castle, of which 
town he was one of the founders. 

He is f reqnently mentioned, in Volumes II., III., and 
XII., of the large work called "Documents Relating to 
the Colonial History of New York." 

On May 28, 1657, he was recommended for the office 
of Commissary. 

On September 9, 1659, he prepared a long and vigor- 
ous papei', from which an extract is here given. It is 
called. 



22 VAN" SWERINGEN. 

''The Protest of the Vice-Director and Council 
of New Anistel, against Colonel Utie." 

"Whereas, you appeared yesterday afternoon, in onr 
Council and there read an Instruction in which it 
is stated, that this place is situated in Lord Baltimore's 
Province, and, that therefore, this Government should 
depart hence with its people as soon as jou had given 
notice thereof. 

"Moreover, yov i7isisted that all tlie lands octtoeen 38 
and 40 degrees of latitude East and West from sea to sea, 
belonged to Lord Baltimore's Government at Mary- 
land, and whatever was in dispute concerning 
this, Jiad lately been settled and arianged in Old 
England. 

"You further made known, with words of greater 
weight that in case of our delaying to depart immedi- 
tely, i/ou will be guiltless of the vast quantity of innore.yit 
blood, that may be shed on this account. 

" Unexpected and strange to us are these proceedings 
viiici this treatment on the part of Christian Brethern 
and neighbors, with whom we never sought and still do 
not seek any thing else than to maintain good friend- 
ship, and to whom we have never given any cause of 
offence. 



"For the continuation of peace and quietness be- 
tween the subjects of the Republic of England, and their 
High Mightinesses, the Lords States General, we refer 
to the articles of peace and treaty of alliance made and 
concluded the 5th day of April, 1654, which are obliga- 
tory on all Governments whether in America or Europe; 
wherebv they were all ordered and commanded not to in- 



TAN SWEIJIKGEN. io 

flict, the oue or the other, any hostility, injury or 
damage. 

"J. Alricks, 

^'Alexander d'HiNOJOSA, 

"WiLLEM BeEKMAN, 

"Jan Willemson, 
^•Jan Crato, 
^'Hendrik Kip, 
"Bv order of the Director and Council, 

^'G. Van Sweringen." 

"The aforegoing notification of Protest, was by me, 
in the presence of the above named witnesses, read and 
a copy thereof delivered, to Col. Utie. 

"Van Sweringen." 



The Charter of Maryland was granted by Charles I. 
■un June 2, 1632, in the 8th year of his reign, to Cecil 
Calvert, second Lord Baltimore. It is written in Latin; 
as were all documents of importance, at that time. 

The Grant is, to Lord Baltimore, his heirs and as- 
signs, of all lands from the Delaware Bay and the 
Ocean, upon the East, under the 40th degree of North 
Latitude, u'here New Enqland terminates "hactenus in- 
culta," hitherto uncultivateil, and inhabited by bar- 
barians having no knowledge of the Divine Being." 

The words, "hactenus inculta," were the source of 
great disputes between the rival proprietors of land 
upon this Continent. 



Among the "Holland Documents," in the bundle en- 
dorsed "Various papers concerning the Colony of New 
Netherlands," in the State House at Amsterdam, there 



24 VAN SWERINGEN. 

is u lono- letter, tmnslatfd from the Dutch language, 
marked. 



"Sheriff Van Svveringen, to the Comm'ttee of the 
Colony on Delaware River: 

"Gentlemen : 

"I cannot forbear, by this occasion, saluting 
you, and offering you my humble service. I hope your 
Honors will be pleased to accept it, as I have been ad- 
mitted, subject to your Honors approbation, Sheriff 
and Councillor, in the place of the late Commissary 
Rynevelt whose place as Commissary I have filled since 
his death on November 26, 1659. * * * 

"Disposing of the City's means, is now, God help it, 
an easy matter, as there are but about 2,000 guilders, in 
merchandise, and what General Stuyvesant hath sent 
on credit. * * 

"Confused accounts and an empty treasury, bring a 
man to his wits ends. I rely on your Honors' discre- 
tion, aiid I shall not neglect faithfully to serve the City 
of Amsterdam, in the office, which I now unworthily 
fill. 

"Herewith I commend your worships, to the pro- 
tection of God Almighty, who will always keep and 
preserve you and direct your Honors' undertaking, to 
the advancement of this Colony, and God's Church. 

"Your Honors' obedient and Ever ready servant, 

"G. Vaist Sweringen." 

"Mr. Hinojossa has written to the Commissioners 
and Directors. He has requested me, to enclose ihe 
same, through fear that it may be detained at the Man- 
hattans, which was formerly the case." 



VAN SWEEINGEN". 35 

There is also another long letter marked 

'"Sheritf Van Sweringen, to 

'•New Amstel, December 8, 1659. 
"Noble, Worshipful, Wise, Eight Prudent Sir: — 

"With due respect and reverence, have I hereby 
taken the liberty to greet you, though bound in duty of 
gratitude, to devote to you all the days of my life, * * 
I cannot neglect, hereby to communicate my promotion 
About a year and a half, after my departure fron Patria, 
(my native country,) with your Honor's favorable re- 
commendation, I have been appointed Sheriff here sub- 
ject to the approbation of the Honorables the Principals. 
Previously, I have taken care of the store as clerk; and 
after J. Rynevelt's death, as Commissary, from which I 
have now requested to be discharged, as I have, though 
unworthy, been recently made Second Councilor, with 
Sir Alexander Hiuojossa, First Councilor, and Captain 
of the military here, who intends to go over in the 
Spring, to represent this miserable place. God help 

|J.| ^ ^ ^ ^ 5}C ^ ^ 

"If things become worse, I, individually, am ruined, 
for I have received here, some goods from my brothers, 
all of which I have laid out in a house, horses and 
mules, which cost me fully, four to six thousand 
guilders, Holland currency, 

"Besides that, I am also married. =«**** 

"Herewith I commend your Honor to the mercy 
and protection of the Most High God, and remain, 

"Your obedient, humble servant, 

"G. Van Sweringen." 



On August 30, 1660, permission was granted to 



26 VAN SWERINGEISr. 

Gerrit Van Svverhigen, and his wife, to visit the Fa- 
therkiiid. 



On August 27, 1661, the City of Amsterdam hav- 
ing determined to continue the Colony, he was appointed 
Councilor. 

In a letter from William Beekman to Peter Stuy- 
vestant. Director-general of the New Netherlands, he is 
called, "The Honorable President, Van Sweringen." 



Upon the conquest of the Dutch possessions by the 
English, in 1664, he removed to Maryland, and settled 
at St. Mary's City. 

On the 13th day of April, 1669, in the 37th year 
of Cecil, Lord Baltimore, Proprietory, a Bill was passed 
by the General Assembly of Maryland, for the "Free 
Denization and Naturalization of Garret Van Swearin- 
gen and others," upon the following Petition. 

Bacon's Laws of Maryland, Laws of 1669, Ch. IV. 



"To the Eight Honorable, the Lord Proprietory of 
the Provinces of Maryland and Avalon, Lord Baron of 
Baltimore. 

"The Petition of Garret Van Svvearingen, Elizabeth 
de Barrette, wife of the said Garret, Elizabeth and 
Zacharias Van Sweringen, children of the said Garrett 
and Barbara ; Robert Roelands, and others, all residents 
and inhabitants of this Province, humbly sheweth into 
your Lordship : 

"That your Petitioner, Garret Van Swearingen, M'as 
born in Eeenstwerdam, Holland, under the dominion 
of the States General of the United Provinces : Barbara 



VAN SWERINGEN". 27 

De Barrette, his wife, in Valenciennes, in the Low 
Countries, belonging to the King of Spain : Elizabeth 
Van Sweringen and Zacharias Van Sweringen their 
children in New Amstel, on Delaware Bay, then under 
the government of the said States General : Isaac De 
Barrette, in Haarlem, in Holland : Robert Roeland, in 
Brabant ; both under the dominion of the States Gene- 
ral: Jean Jourdain, in Rouen: and Charles De la 
Roche, also in the Kingdom of France: John Van 
Heeck, in the Colony of Virginia, under the Dominion 
of His Majesty, of Great Britain: and Peter Johnson, 
in the Kingdom of Sweden : and your Petitioners being 
now removed into this Province — being invited to come 
and dwell in this Provence upon confidence of your 
Lordship's Declaration of July 3, 1649, whereby you 
did empower your Governor to grant lands to any per- 
sons of French, Dutch, Spanish, Swedish, or other for- 
eign descent, in as ample a manner, and upon the same 
terms, as to any persons of British or Irish descent. 

"And during their abode in this Province your 
Petitioners have been faithful and obedient to your 
Lordship's Laws ; yet for that your Petitioners are not 
of British or Irish descent they cannot take the benefit 
of the laws and customs of this Province, as the o-ood 
people of British and Irish descent. 

"May it please your Lordship, out of your abun- 
dant goodness and care, that your Petitioners shall 
henceforth be adjudged, as natural born people of this 
Province of Maryland, or as if they were of British or 
Irish descent as afo-resaid, and that they shall be enabled 
to prosecute and defend all manner of actions and other 
demands, as liberally and frankly as if they had been 
naturally born within this Province of Maryland or 



y^ 



28 VAN SWERINCtEN. 

were of Britisli or Ii'isli descent, any Law or ciiscom of 
this Province to the contrary notwithstanding. 

And your Petitioners shall as in duty bound, &c. 



The Upper House of Assembly held their meeting 
at his house, from 1680 co 1692. 

"A Council held at the house of Garrett Van 
Swearingen, at the City of St. Mary's, Thursday, 15th 
day of February, Anno Domini 1680/' 

August 25, 1681, "The Upper House adjourned to 
the Arbor at Van Swearingen's." 

"May 5, 1782. It was voted that an order be af- 
fixed to ihe wall in some place of Mr. Van Swearingen's 
house, to the end that the same may be publicly known, 
and taken notice of." 

"August 20, 1691. The Upper House adjourned 
to the Council Chamber, at Van Swearingen's, where 
they are ready to receive any message from the Lower 
House." 

His accounts with the Province were quite large. 
At one time he is allowed twenty thousand pounds of 
tobacco, and at another, twenty-eight thousand pounds 
of tobacco, on another, fifty-seven thousand ponnds, for 
Public expenses — and so on. 

He declared that he was "no Ordinary (that is 
hotel) keeper, but might set what rates he pleased to his 
sroods, as merchants are used to do." 



Li 1684, he wrote an Account of the Settlements 
upon the Delaware, by the Dutch and Swedes, which is 
here a'iven. 



The dispute in regard to the Boundary of Mary- 



VAN SWERINGEN. 39 

Sand lasted for upwards of a hundred years, and was 
finally settled by the running of the Line by Charles 
Mason and Jeremiah Dixon, in 17M3. 



A few words here, upon this subject, it is hoped 
will be interesting. 

On March 12, 1664, King Charles the Second, 
granted to his brother, James, D'ike of York, the town 
of New Castle, and twelve miles around it. 

On March 4, 1680. he granted the Charter of Penn- 
sylvania, to William Penn. 

On August 24, 1682, the Diike of York" granted 
the town of New Castle, and all the land South of it 
to William Penn. 



The "Calvert Papers," were purchased for, and 
presented to the Maryland Historical Society, in 1888, 
through the liberal subscriptions of some of its mem- 
bers. 

Dr. William Hand Browne says: 

"They contain nealy a thousand documents, in an 
admirable state of preservation, from the reigns of 
Henry the Eighth and Elizabeth to the second half of 
the last century. 

"Here s also a great mass of documents illustrating 
every phrase of the Boundary dispute, between Maryland 
and Pennsylvania from the granting of the Charter of 
the latter Colony, to the completion of Mason and Dixon's 
survey in 1768; with the Maps submitted in the process of 
the suit ; among which are Mason and Dixon's own map, 
and a copy on Vellum of the fairous forged Map, on 
which Cape Henlopen was misplaced, so that the south- 



30 VAN- SWERTNGEW. 

ern line of l^elavvure. was ran some twenty miles sonth 
of the line agreed upon." 

Mr. Mendes T, Cohen, says, that "in the autumn of 
1839, John Henry Alexander L. L, U.., saw, in one of 
the rooms npou the groand floor of the British Museum,. 
two considerable chests marked ''Calvert Paper ." He 
observed them with interest, but made lo inquiry in 
regard to them at the time. 

"Ill March i860, the General Assembly of Virginia 
adopted a resolution, "authorizing Hie Governor, to send 
an Agent to England, who should obtain all documen- 
tary evidence, to ascertain the true boundary lines be- 
tween Virginia, and the States of Maryland, North 
Carolina and Tennessee." 

"Col. A. W. McDonald was commissioned as agent, 
and proceeded to London in June, 1860. 

"In bis Keport to Governor Letcher, February 2, 
1861, he says, "I sought out the representative of the 
Baltimore family, and finally discovered him a prisoner 
for debt in tlie Queen's Bench Prison, to which some 
twelve years before, he had been transferred from the 
Fleet Prison, after having been there confined, for more 
than eight years. 

"I obtained an interview with this gentleman, and 
informed him of the object of my visit, which he aj)- 
peared entirely willing to promote, and I learned that 
the original ('barter had never come into his hands, and 
that he verily believed it to be utterly lost or destroyed." 

"The papers that were recovered, were purchased 
from Col. F. H. Harford, a retired officer of the British 
Army, and a descendant of the last Lord Baltimore, 
living with his wife, at his seat, Down Place, near 
Windsor." 



TAN SWEKUSTGEN. 31 

King C'hiirles the Second, died, February ^i, IGS."). 

Among the Proceedings of the Privy ('<»uucil of 
his successor, Junies the Second : 

"Thursday, October 8, KiSS. My Lord P>!i]timore 
and Mr, Peim, attending, were called in, and both 
|»arties being heard, my Lord Baltimore gives their 
Lordships an account, that in the year 1()4"-^. one IMov- 
•den sailed iip Delaware river, and did not see any house 
there at that time, as is affirmed in a deposition pro- 
dueed by Mr. Penn : And a Report of the Commissioners 
■of Foreign Plantations dated April 4, 1(5.38. touching 
the differences between Lord Baltimore and Mr, Clai- 
borne about the Isle of Kent, is offered. 



"After which the deposition of Mr. Van Swearin- 
gen, concerning the seating of Delaware bay and river, 
to the southward of the Fortieth degree of latitude, by 
the Dutch and Swedes, was read and their Lordships 
determined to take the matter into further considera- 
tion, on Thursday next. 



"The Relation of Mr. Gerrett Van Swearingen, 
of the ('ity of St. Mary's, concerning his knowledge of 
the seating (that is, settling with people,) of Delaware 
Bay and River, to the southward of the Fortieth decree 
of Latitude, by the Dutch and Swedes, viz : 

"In the year of 1648, the Dutch having had bad 
success in the North river, from which they had been 
driven by the New England men, they resolved to look 
towards the south, and having information of that river 
called Delaware, formerly bought by one Mynheer 



32 VAN SWERINGEN. 

Godiii, from the Indians, a sloop was fitted out with 
some cargo to trade with the Indians of that river. 

"These men or traders, as I was informed, came 
ashore with their goods, and traded with the Indians 
frequenting much with the Indian women, and so they 
named the place Whorekill. 

"They returned home, and ventured a second time, 
with a considerable car;.o, and went some ten or twelve 
miles higher, were they landed, and traded with the 
Indians; trusting the Indians to come into their stores, 
asho e, and likewise aboard of their sloop, drinking and 
debauching with the Indians, until at last they were all 
barbarously murdered, and the the place was Christened 
with their blood, and it is called Murderer's Kill, that 
is. Murderer's Creek, to this day. (Kill is Dutch, for 
Creek.) 

"About the year 1640, they made a third voyage 
into the Delaware river, and cast anchor at a point 
near the mouth of the river, called Bointges Creek, but 
misliking the place, they went higher up, and cast an- 
chor at the sand point now called Newcastle. They per- 
ceived soQie four or five English families were seated 
about nine miles lower on the east side of the river, at 
a place called Elsinburgh, which Englishmen were sup- 
posed to come from Maryland or Virginia. 

"T'he Dutch much misliking this, resolved to go 
v,p the river as high as they could ; and there landed, 
setting up a post, with the ^lark of f he Dutch Wesi In- 
(Uan Company, by which they claim their title to the 
river; whereupon, by command of the General of the 
Manhattans, (now New York), they built a fort, on the 
sand point, where they first landed after their mishap 
in the bay ; this fort being so built for their security 



VAN SWEKINGEN. 33 

against the Indians and Christians. One Andrew Hudde 
being the chief man, sometimes Secretary, sometimes 
Commandant ; and at other times, nothing at all ; being 
accoiding to behavior, turned out and put in again, ac- 
cording to pleasure; which person I knew very well, 
and have heard him and others discourse of what hap. 
pened and passed in his time. 

"In this manner they lived a long time, without 
any Government, till near the year 1752, when the 
Swedes did fit out a flyboat, with considerable cargo, 
with another small vessel filled with freeman and sol- 
diers; with a C4overnor called Mynheer Prince, and 
young gentlemen, passengers, besides a factor Henric 
Hurgan and Jacob Swanson who were to trade with 
the Indians. 

"Upon their arrival in the Delaware they asked leave 
of the Dutch to refresh themselyes with water to which 
the Dutch yielded — not imagining they had any design 
upon that jjlace. But the Swedes having got ashore, 
made the Dutch quit their possessions. 

"And then the Swedes, with as little right as the 
Dutch had before, possessed themselves of that 
river. 

"The Dutch \¥est Indian Company being very poor, 
and no ways able to encounter the Swedes, resolved 
upon a protest, which they made against the Swedes, 
for disposessing them of their possessions, which the 
Swedes little regarded. 

"After this the Company stated their case to the 
City of Amsterdam, and the City being full of money, 
resolved to assist the Company in order to restore them 
to their former possessions. 

"In the year 1654, the City of Amsterdam caused 



34 VAN swp:iiiNGE]sr, 

a ship, called the Waegh, to l)e fitted out with 30 great 
guns, and manned accordingly, whereof was Commander 
Captain Fowing, which said Captain and other officers 
I knew very well, and had relation from some of them 
of what passed nt that time. 

"The Swedes, in the meantime, being interlopers, 
kept a trade with the Indians; and the fort at the sind 
point (Newcastle) being very inconsiderable, was en- 
larged by them, and called Casimir, and another fore 
built fi.e miles higher up called Christiana. 

"The head of the Chesapeake bay in Maryland was 
not at that. time stated and so the Marylanders did not 
take notice either of the Swedes or Dutch, looking upon 
them both to be only traders, and so, here today and 
gone tomorrow. 

"There being no navigation or road between the 
head of Chesapeake bay and Delaware bay by which 
means the Marylanders could be informed of the pro- 
ceedings of the Dutch and Swedes. 

"Then tlie Dutch Company repossessed themselvesj 
with the assistance of the frigate called the Waegh, 
which the City of Amsterdam had sent for that pur- 
pose. 

"In the meantime a ship arrived from Sweden, and 
hearing the Dutch had got their former possessions, 
took a great many Indians on board of their ship, uj^on 
the deck, in sight of the Dutch, and so, without any 
hinderance, passed by Fort Casimir, of which the Dutch 
had possession, and from which they might have sunk 
the Swedish ship, but they were afraid of killing the 
Indians on board ; for both nations, as well Swedes as 
Dutch, did strive to please, and not to disoblige the 



VAN SWERINGElsr. 35 

Iiuluini^, in consideration of the trade upon which tliey 
wliolly depended. 

"The Swedish ship sailed up as high as Tenauni, 
hiding themselves in a creek, which, therefore, is called 
to this day, the Schuyl-KiU ; in English, Schuijl, 
Hiding — A7//, Creek. 

"The Swedes yielded themselves up, and most of 
their officers went home, except their Captain and Lieu- 
tenant Henry Hengen, and Heer Lawrence their priest, 
all of which persons I know very well, and have had 
several times from them a fall relation of what was 
done in those days. 

"The soldiers remained in the country, as inhabit- 
ants, among the Dutch, who together made a consider- 
able number, and so became, as it were, a Colony or 
Common weal th . 

"The Company being indebted to the City of Am- 
sterdam for setting out a man-of-war in reducing the 
South river into their possession again, were resolved ,to 
make sale of their title to the said City which likewise 
was re(|nired from the other side; so both parties were 
soon agreed. The Company being rid of their uncertain 
title, did not only pay their debt, but had money to 
boot. 

"In fine the City of Amsterdam were made Lords 
and patrons of that Colony on Delaware river, whereof I 
myself have had a perusal of some papers concerning 
these matters. 

"A ship called the Prince Manrice was provided to 
go to said Colony, and a Governor and Council appointed, 
and a company of soldiers, consisting of about sixty 
men, put aboard ; and I myself was made supercargo, 
over the said ship and goods, there being the number of 



36 VAN SWERINGEN. 

one hundred and eighty souls aboard the said ship, 
which sailed out of the Texel, the 25th day of Decem- 
ber, 1656. 

"The said passenge-s came into the Delaware, in 
a ship called the Beaver, hired at New York, after the 
ship Prince Maurice was lost; this was the 25th of 
April, 1657, when we took possession of the fort now 
called Newcastle, and the soldiers of the West Indian 
Company quitted the same. 

"After this. Captain Crigor being commanded to 
go to Maryland, then called by us Virginia, upon the 
Isle of Kent, the 11th of September, 1658, he returned 
again, and reported that the English Governor was pre- 
paring to come over to Delaware, whereupon good 
watch was kept, and the Fort put in r»^pair, and the 
fl'eemen of the town kept to their duty — but the Eng- 
lish desisted from their design. 

"The Governor and Ministers of State, in Mary- 
land, came to understand that the Dutch and Swedes 
increased in Delaware and that they began to make a 
settlement there, and that in time it would be a hard 
matter to remove them, or make them sensible that they 
were within the precincts of Maryland, which had not 
been much regarded before, by the officers in Maryland. 
For in my opinion, they considered the Dutch and 
Swedes, only as traders, not having any settled Govern- 
ment or Governor before. 

"Now, in the year 1659, Deputies were sent from 
Maryland, to the town of New Amstel (Newcastle). I 
myself then being one of the Council, and Commissary 
General for the City of Amsterdam, in that place. The 
deputies were. Colonel Nathaniel Uty, Major Samuel 
Goldsmith, and Mr. George Uty, with several persons 



VAJT SWERINGEN. 37 

of note in Maryland, Jacob Young being interpeten 
Colonel Utv produced his letfcei's of credence, signed by 
Josias Fendall, and the protest was signed by Philip 
Calvert, wherein was set forth, as near as I can remem- 
ber, the injury done to Lord Baltimore, by their unlaw* 
f ul and forcible possession of those parts of his Lord- 
ship's province; and that his Lordship, against his 
will, would he obliged to use the extremity of arms, if 
that part of his country was not delivered up. Some 
copies of Records tending to his Lordship's purpose 
were produced, whereupon the deputies , ere dis- 
charged. 

"And upon the same day a report went all the 
town over, that Major Goldsmith, at the house of Mar- 
gret Davis a Scotch woman, did publicly proclaim to our 
inhabitants, that all land was henceforth to be taken 
up under Patent from Lord Baltimore, and the land 
taken up already, was to be held under him ; which was 
very ill taken by us, but upon consideration, we passed 
it by, for that time. 

"Again, in the year 1660, did appear at Amster- 
dam, in Holliind, Captain James Keale, a person deputied 
from Lord Baltimore, protesting in the name of Cecilius, 
Baron of Baltimore, in manner and form, as before the 
deputies had done in Delaware. 

"The Company was sitting then, in the New West 
India Housp, in Amsterdam; where the said James 
Neale, did appear, and ^jiotest, by Notarial Act, of the 
wrong done to his Lordship, by their Ministers of State 
in America, by usurping, and unlawfully possessing, a 
considerable part of his province of Maryland, espe- 
cially that part which was called Delaware : and de- 
manded the restoration of the said territories so unjustly 



38 VAN SWEEINGElir. 

detained with satisfaction also for the injury his Lord- 
ship had sustained thereby. 

"The West India Company returned a proud 
answer; saying they possessed the same, by General Octe- 
roy (Dutch, for Patent or Grant) granted to them by 
the State of Holland ; and that they were resolved by 
virtue of that Octeroy, to defend their just and lawful 
title with such means as God and nature had put into 
their hands. 

"And the City of Amsterdam thereupon, did send 
us express orders to protest against the said English- 
men, and in case they would not remove, then to compel 
them by force of arms. 

"All this while we stood upon our defence, against 
Maryland. 

"The City of Amsterdam w^as very much discour- 
aged and did absolutely incline to leave and abandon 
the said Colony, as appeared by their writings, and the 
scarceness of goods and provisions they did send in : 
whereupon, I myself was deputied to Holland, for a 
whole year residing there, to demonstrate the condition 
of the said Colony, and to encourage the City of Am- 
sterdam to go on with their design : which at last they 
undertook by a new resolution, and charged us strictly not 
to make division between our English neighbors and 
us, as may appear by their own letters written to the 
Governor and Council, at Delaware. 

"To which end, they ordered us to build a Fort 
upon Kitten Island, near where they did think the 
division might be ; yet notwithstanding, that division 
not to be absolutely conclusive, but provisional. For 
we did not intend to contest with Maryland, about my 
Lord Baltimore's patent, reaching to the Fortieth degree 



VAN SWERHSTGEN. '69 

of Latitude, but at random, so near as we could draw a 
line, between the two Governments; we being informed 
that the Schnyll^ill did lie under forty degrees, far 
above Delaware town. 

"I myself could never hear them speak to what 
degree they pretended, when I was that whole year in 
Holland; neither did any such thing appear in their 
letters, only, Agree with youi neighbors in Maryland 
for fear of opposition from that side. 

"In the year 1664, arrived Col. Nicholas, sent out 
by his Majesty, King Charles II., whereupon the Fort 
and country wdve brought unler submission by Sir 
Robert Carr, as deputied with two ships, for that 
intent. 

"Sir Robert Carr did often protest to me, that he 
did not come as an enemy, but as a friend ; demanding, 
only in friendship, what was the King's own, in that 
country. 

"There was taken from the City and the inhabitants 
thereabout, to the value, so near as I can now remember^ 
of four thousand pound sterling, likewise arms, powder 
and shot in great quantity. Four and twenty guns 
were, the greatest part, transported to New York. 

"The Dutch soldiers were taken prisoners, and 
ffiven to the merchantmen that were there, in recom- 
pense of their services ; and into Virginia, they were 
transported to be sold, as was ere ibly reported by Sir 
Robert Carr's officers, and othrr persons there living in 
the town. 

"All sorts of tools for handicraftsman, and all 
plough gear, and other things to cultivate the ground, 
which were in great quantity ; besides the estate of 
Governor Debouissa and myself ; except some household 



40 VAN SWEKINGEN 

stuff ami a negro I got away ; and some other mov- 
ables, Sir Robert Carr did permit me to sell. 

"Colonel Nicholas, understanding what Sir Eobert 
Carr had got at Delaware, took all again from the said 
Sir Robert Carr, when the said Colonel came there again 
in person, as I was informed, ivhen I was tcpon my way 
to Maryland. 

"There was likewise a boat dispatched to Wborekill, 
which there plundered and took possession of all effects 
belonging to the City of Amsterdam, as also what t e- 
longed to the Quaking Society of Plockhoy, to a very 
nail : according to a letter written by one of that Com- 
pany, to the City of Amsterdam. 

"I have ommitted what passed in the year 1659, 
when several of the Dutch came away from Delaware 
and sheltered themselves under the Government of 
Maryland ; some under the pretence that they could not 
get their living there ; and others, that we had no right 
to the land we inhabit( d. I myself went to Maryland 
to demand those persons back again, from the Lieuten-^ 
ant-General of the Province and from the Chancellor 
Philip Calvert, with whom I spoke, but could receive 
no satisfaction as to demand." 

Maryland S. S., May 12, 16o4. 

"Then came Garrett Van Swearingen, of the City 
of St. Mary's, Gentleniun, aged eight and forty years, 
or thereabouts, and having taken his oath upon the 
Holy Evangelists, by us in council to him administered, 
deposeth that what is herein contained and declared to 
be of his own knowledge, is the truth, of his knowledge, 
and what else is declared to be the report or rumor of 
those times, was indeed received by him as such, from 



VAN SWERINGEN. 41 

credible persons, to be the dealings and transactions of 
those times, to the truth whereof the said Garret Van 
Svvearingen hath hereunto set his hand. 

"G. Van Swearingen. 
"At a Council held at Matapony Sewell, on the 12th 
day of May, 1684, the aforegoiug deposition was taken 
before us. 

"Henry Darnall, 

"WlILIAM DiGGES, 

"Nicholas Sewell, 
"John Darnall." 



The Decision of the Privy Council, in this case, 
was in favor of William Penn. 



On May 4, 1686, he was made sheriff of St. Mary's 
County, and on May 12, 1687 he was again made Shei'iff 
for the year ensuing. 

At a Council held March 12, 1687, "Garrett Van 
Swearingen and three others, were constituted a special 
Court for the trial of a Vessel with its goods and mer- 
chandise, which had been accused of transgressing his 
Majesty's laws of shipping and navigation." 

In 1688, he was made Alderman of the City of St. 
Mary's. 

In 1681, Philip Calvert, being Governor, there was 
a dispute between the Upper and Lower Houses of 
Assembly: and again in 1692-93 — there was a dispute 
between Lionel Copley, Governor of Maryland; and Sir 
Edmund Audros, Governor of Virginia; in both of 
which he was concerned, and on both occasions, he 



42 VAX SWERINGEN. 

seems to have upheld the authority of the Lord Pro- 
prietor and of his Governor. 

He seems to have been a man of character and con- 
. sideration. 



"Swearingen Family Eecord." 

Maryland Archives, Volumes IL, V., VI., VII., 
VIII., XIIL, XV., XVII. and XIX. 

The references to him are entirely too numerous to 
be here given. 



Governor S'jarpe, of Maryland, writing to Governor 
Dinwiddle of Virginia, May 9, 1755, says : 
"Dear Sir : — 

"I take this opportunity of acquainting you that I 
left the General, Captain Orme and Colonel Washing- 
ton, this day sevennight, at Swearingen^ s Ferry, on 
their way to Winchester. * * * 

"I have not heard anything from the Northward. 

"That you have succeeded to your wishes with 
your Assembly, I am desirous and impatient to hear. 
8end me early advice thereof, 

"And oblige yours, etc." 



This Ferry across the Potomac, between Virginia 
and Maryland, had been established by Thomas Swear- 
ingen, who, with his brother. Van Swearingen, had 
settled in Frederick County, Virginia, about 1734. 



The spelling of his first name, Gerrit, was changed 
to Garrett, and the Van dropped, and an "a" inserted 
in the last name to accommodate it to the English pro- 



VAN SWERINGEN. 43 

nunciation. Van was even given as a first name to a 
number of his descendants. 

A Lettt^r is preserved among the papers of the late 
Henry A. Thatcher of Chilicothe, Ohio, written in 1758, 
by Geoi'ge Washington to Van Swearingen, to solicit 
his aid in Washington's Canvas for the House of Bur- 
gesses. 



Miss Anna Dandridge kindly referred C B. Tiernan 
to the "History of the Lower Shenandoah Valley," 
edited by J. E. Norris, which states that : 

"George Washington ran three times, in the 
County of Frederick, for the House of Burgesses, in 
which Frederick County was represented by two mem- 
bers. 

"The first time was in 1757, when he was defeated j 
the vote being, Hugh West, 271 ; Thomas Swear- 
ingen, 270 ; George Washington, 40. 

"The next year, on July 24, 1758, the vote was: 
George Washington, 310; Col. T. B. Martin, 240; 
Hugh West, 199; Thomas Swearingen, 45. 

"Again on May 18, 1761, the vote was : George 
Washington, 505; George Mercer, 399; Adam 
Stephen, 294. 

"There is a receipt in the possession of a citizen of 
Winchester, signed by the seller of a barrel of whiskey, 
to George Washington, in payment for said barrel, 
which was used during one of these elections. 

"The future 'Father of his Country' may have 
discovered between his defeat, in 1757, and his election 
one year afterward, that it was necessary to 'set 'em up 
for the boys,' and hence his increased popularity." 



44 VAH SWERINGEN. 

"May 19, 1772, Lord Dunaiore gave commissions to 
Thomas Svvearingen, Van Swearingen, and others, as 
justices of Oyer and Terminer of Berkeley County ; 
which had just been organized out of a part of Fred- 
erick County." 

"April 3, 1777, Colonel Samuel Washington, (the next 
younger brother of George Washington,) in consequence 
of bad health, which rendered him unfit for public busi- 
ness, requested leave to resign his commission as County 
Lieutenant; which was granted; and Van Swearingen 
was appointed in his place. Philip Pendleton was ap- 
pointed in the place of Van Swearingen, who was 
Colonel of militia; and Eobert Carter Willis in the 
place of Pendleton, who was Lieutenant-Colonel of 
militia. 

"Colonel S. Washington entered the Continental 
Army two weeks later, and was a gallant officer to the 
close of the war." 



James Eumsey, the Inventor of the Steamboat, gave 
the first trial of his invention, on December 3, 1787, on 
the Potomac, at Shepherdstown. His boat was worked 
as by a Propeller. Side wheels were invented aftt^rwards 
by others. 

Hon. Alexander E. Boteler, in an interesting Article 
has given descriptions of many of the ladies and gentle- 
men, including General Horatio Gates, General Darke, 
and others, who were present on this occasion, and says : 



"Then there was another Eevolutionary officer near- 
by. Colonel Joseph Swearingen, a tall, robust, soldierly 
looking person ; with a Eoman nose, which rather over- 



VAN SWERINGEN. 45 

shadowed the rest of his features. He was a kind-hearted 
gentleman, and greatly loved by the community in 
which he lived." 



There were intermarriages between the Swearingen 
and Cresap families, and great intimacy between some 
of their branches. 

Colonel Thomas Cresap, born 1702, the immigrant, 
had three sons, of whom Daniel Cresap, the eldest, 
married, in 1750, Euth Swearingen ; and Thomas Cresap, 
Jr., married Drusilla Swearingen. 



Luther Martin, whose wife was a daughter of 
Captain Michael Cresap; and his family, were on terms 
of intimate friendship, at Luke Tiernan's. 

After the death of his wife, he paid his addresses, 
but without success, to Mrs. Mary Hager, the widow of 
Jonathan Hager, Jr., after whose father, Jonathan 
Hegar, Sr., Hagerstown, at first called Elizabethstown 
was named ; the German vowels being transposed, as 
required by the English pronunciation. 

■ Miss Ida Brent has a number of letters from 
Luther Martin, to Mrs. Hager, at the time that he was 
addressing her, and kindly gave C. B. Tiernan the 
following extracts from two of them. 

Mrs. Hager was the Grandmother of Mrs, Robert 
J. Brent. 



"Annapolis, June 3d, 1800. 
"My Dearest Madam : — 

" * * * I was a few hours in Baltimore 
last Sunday, and saw your amiable daughter at Mr. 
Tiernan's. I have the pleasure to inform you that she 
is well. * * *" 



46 VAN SWERINaEN. 

"Annapolis, June 15th, 1800. 
"My Dearest Madam : — 

"It was with difficulty that I could be in Baltimore 
ou Saturday last. 

"I procured permission from Madam Lacombe for 
your amiable daughter to accompany Mr. Tiernan's 
family, and myself, to the play that evening, which she 
did, and spent the night with Mrs. Tiernan. 

"I Avaited on her on Sunday morning, and had the 
pleasure of leaving her in good health." 



Daniel Cresap, Jr., born 1753, Lieutenant in his 
Uncle, Captain Michael Oresap's company, married 
Elizabeth Swearingen in 1778. 

Their daughter, Kebecca Cresap, married James 
Ord, the father of Major-General Edward Otho Cresap 
Ord, and others. 

There was a report, widely circulated many years 
ago, that James Ord was the son of George, Prince 
of Wales, (afterwards George IV.,) and Mrs. Fitzher- 
bert, who had been married in December, 1785 ; and 
that he had been sent to this country under the care of 
Mr. Ord, a Yorkshire gentleman, whose name he 
adopted. 

Mr. Charles H. Browning writes to the ' Philadel- 
phia Times ;" 

"Philadelphia, July 28, 1883. 
"When collecting matter for my Book of Pedigrees 
of Americans of Eoyal Descent, (a copy of which is in 
the Peabody Library) the story of General Ord's descent 
from King George IV., of England, came to my knowl- 
edge, through a newspaper paragraph, which I mailed 



VAN SWERINGEN. 47 

to the General, to question its correctness, and in due 
time, I received the following answer from him. 



"San Antonio, Texas, 

"July 27, 1877. 
"To Mr. Charles H. Browning. 
"Dear Sir : — 

"Your note and accompanying slips, duly received. 
"They had, in some shape, met my eyes before, and 
were considered worthy only of a smile. 

"My ancestors, as far as I can learn by studying 
the family tree, were good plain folk, loithout a taint of 
royal blood. 

"So please leave them out of your forthcoming 
work. 

"And oblige one of their descendants. 

"Edw. 0. C. Ord." 



Judge Ord, a brother of General Ord, told C. B. 
Tiernan, that he thought that every family had some 
lines that were stronger than others, and that he con- 
sidered the Swearingen, the strongest line in his family. 



48 LUKE TIEKNAN. 

Mrs. Luke Tiernan was kiud and hospitable and 
charitable. 

She was President of the Baltimore Orphan Asylum, 
which was the first institution of the kind established 
in this city, and one of the first in the country, having 
been founded in 1778. 

In a frame over the mantelpiece in the Eeception 
Eoom of their large Building, No. 215 North Strieker 
Street, is the following List of 



"Managers Of The Baltimore Orphan Asylum. 



"Rev. Dr. Kurtz. "Mrs. Luke Tiernan, 
"Eev. Mr. Eeis. President. 

"Mr. Alexander Fridge. "Mrs. Hugh Boyle. 

"Mr. John Hoffman. "Mrs. F. Lucas. 

"Mr. Samuel Harden. "Mrs. Dr. Blake. 

"Mr. Luke Tiernan, "Mrs. Taylor. 

Treasurer. "Mrs. Nelms. 

"Mr. Evan Thomas. "Mrs. Nevins. 

"Mrs. Baynard." 



This fine Institution celebrated its one hundredth 
Anniversary, on May 18, 1899, completing in the lan- 
guage of ''Tlie Sun," a century of good work. 



This picture of Mrs. Tiernan is taken from a por- 
trait of her, in oil, which is signed, "J. Wattles, 

1826." 

C. B. Tiernan wrote to Mr. Frank B. Mayer, to ask 
for some information in regard to the artist, and received 
the following reply : 




Mrs. Ann Tiernan. 



luke tiernan. 51 

"Annapolis, May 24, 1898. 
"My Dear Mr. Tiernan : — 

"Mr. Wattles was a Baltimore artist, cou- 
temporary with Alfred J. Miller, Kuckle, etc.; and was 
an eccentric character, whose aim, "to get in the like- 
ness as strong as pizen," as he said, was realized in some 
very fair portraits, and also in his attempts to rival 
Miller in Indian subjects. * * * 

"I recall a portrait of Chief Justice Taney which 
he showed me ; but I have seen but few of his works. 

"I appreciate your kind mention of "The Burning 
of the Peggy Stevart," which was hung in the House 
of Delegates to-day. 

"Mrs. Mayer's absence, prevents her reciprocating 
your regards. 

"Very sincerely yours, 

"Frank B. Mayer. 
"Chas B. Tiernan, Esqr." 



Miss Eachel Cohen has a fine portrait of her 
Father, Mr. Benjamin I. Cohen, painted by Mr. Wattles, 
which is highly prized by the family. 



C. B. Tiernan presented this portrait to the Balti- 
more Orphan Asylum, in the Fall of 1899, and received 
the following acknowledgment from Mrs. J. Appleton 
Wilson: 

"Baltimore Orphan Asylum. 
"My Dear Mr. Tiernan:— 

"I write, both in my own name, and by request of 
the Board, to express our appreciation of, and thanks 
for the Portrait of your Grandmother, Mrs. Luke 
Tiernan, the second President of our Asylum. 



52 LUKE TIERKAN 

"It will be most carefully j^reserved ; and we feel 
that you have put it in a place which is in itself largely 
a monument to her foresight and charitable care. 
Thanking you for the gift, and hoping you will .always 
retain a kind interest in our Asylum, 
"Believe me, 

"Yours cordially, 

"Mary W. Wilson, 

"President." 



Richard W. Meade, who was so prominent in Spain 
during the Napoleonic Wars, received his mercantile 
education in Luke Tiernan's office, and the two families 
were united by the strongest friendship. 

Rev. John Ryder, S. J., and Miss Margaret Meade 
were God Father and God Mother to Gay B., daughter 
of Charles Tiernan. 

Miss Salvadora Meade used to call Mrs. Somerville 
"Sister." 

She writes to Henry Vernon Somerville : 



"Washington, April 6, 1835. 
"My Dear Squire : — 

"Mamma esteems your taste and good judgment so 
highly, that she has asked me to solicit your candid 
opinion with regard to the 'Owing's Farm," an estate 
situated on the same road with the residence of Mr. 
Williamson (Lexington) at the distance of twelve miles 
from Baltimore. 

My brother George,* graduates at West Point in 

*Afterwards Major General George G. Meade. 
He commanded the United States Army, at the 
Battle of Gettysburg. 



LUKE TIERNAJf, 53 

June. He is unwilling to stay in the Army, and pre- 
fers the active, life of a farmer. Mamma approves of 
ills choice, and is anxious to arrange matters immedi- 
ately. 

But as we are all to reside with this youthful 
patriarch, and assist him in planting the colony, she 
does not wish to take any steps unadvisedly or without 
■due consideration. 

She was principally induced to think of it, from 
the conviction that Congress will never consider our 
Claim, or discharge the debt due to us by this govern- 
ment: and that she would do well to endeavor to 
increase the little, upon which she must now depend 
solely, for the support of her children. 

Mamma has been extremely ill of a rheumatic 
fever, and we were for some days with little hope of her 
recovery; but she is now convalescing sljwly, and as 
soon as the weather permits, will pay a visit to Balti- 
more and visit the place. * * * * 

And now that I have done with this stupid business, 
may I ask after my dear Sister, and her numerous pro- 
geny. It is long since I have seen her sweet face, but 
it is impressed on Memory's Leaf, with the magic 
charm of affection. 

The dear Squire and his lovely wife have fancied 
me no doubt, a traitor to my vows of friendship, but it 
is not so. Salva is as constant, as she is warm in her 
attachments. My sweet Sister I trust may never real- 
ize the expectation she expressed, that I would soon 
forget her. Give her my best, best love, and tell her if 
we remove to the farm, she may prepare herself to 
undergo the severe penance of a thousand kisses every 
time we meet, and that, I hope will be frequently. 



54 LUKE TIERNAN. 

How many ApjjoUos and Vemis' do you now possess, 
my dear Squire ? 

Do you reccollect that funny letter you wrote me 
about little Elizabeth ? I often read and laugh over 
it, and wish for a glimpse at that happy B'oomsbury 
where I have spent so many delightful hours. 

"They are waiting to take my letter to the Post 

God bless you all — Kiss the children, and believe me. 

"Your ever attached and Sincere 

"Salva." 



Mrs. Ann Tiernan, died February 20, 1841. 

The following is an extract from a letter from Miss 
Margaret Meade : 

"Washington, Maech 18, 1841. 
"Mr Dear Mrs. Somerville : — 

"1 fear that you will think me not only unkind, 
but wanting in gratitude, in not writing to you before ; 
but ever since I heard of your affliction, I have been 
expecting to visit Philadelphia; and therefore post- 
poned writing, with the hopes of seeing you for a few 
momeuts on my way thei'e. 

"I did not know until Mrs Campbell Graham had 
been some days at my Sister's, that your poor Mother 
was released from all her earthly trials. It was told 
me unexpectedly, and though I was very much shocked, 
I could not mourn, as I knew that our loss was her 
gain. If there ever was an instance which should 
exempt a mortal from Purgatory, it is the one of your 
dear Mother. She had her trials of mind and body in 
this world, and proved true to all the afflctions of a 



LUKE TIERNAN". 55 

wise Providence ; and I believe that her spirit soared to 
Heaven, the very moment she ceased to breathe, and 
that there she is a pure and holy soul. * * * * 

"Will you then not think unkindly of my not 
having written to you sooner, I have indeed thought 
of you often, but supposing that every day I would go, 
I deferred writing. My visit is now postponed and I 
hasten to let you see that you are not forgotten by 
your own friend Mag. * * * * * 

"Before the Inauguration every room in our house 
was converted into a bed-room, and it has more the 
appearance of ^ Hospital, than anything else. * * * 

"Our Pastor does not wish me to leave home until 
after I am Confirmed, and as I do not wish to do any 
thing he would not like, I have determined to remain 
until after that time. I shall go to the Convent next 
week for about two weeks and hope I may be improved 
by my visit. 

"I have much to talk to you about, and would like 
dearly to see you, if only for one half hour. Give my 
love to Tiernan, Ann Rebecca, and all your dear chil- 
dren, and believe me always, 

"Your Own Affectionate Friend, 

"Mag." 



56 LUKE TIER]SrA]Sr. 

Luke Tiernan settled in Baltimore about 1790y 
and engaged in business as an importing and general 
commission merchant. 



The Baltimore Daily Repository, (which Avas the 
first daily paper published in Baltimore), of April 27, 
1793, has this advertisement : 



"DAVAN & TIERNAN, 
"Have just imported in the ships Louis and Washing- 
ToN, from Liverpool, and the ship Thomas from 
Bristol, 

"a general assortment of 
"MANCHESTER GOODS, 
"Hardvvare and Cutlery, Sj)ades, Scythes, Sickles, Ja- 
panned ware, with a variety of other goods, which will 
be sold on very moderate terms, for Cash, or on the 
nsua' credit. 

''Baltimore, April 27, 1793." 



The Maryland Journal and Baltimore Adver- 
tiser, (which is now The Baltimore American,) of Sep- 
tember 17, 1793 : 



"DAVAN & TIERNAN, 
"Have just received by the Pomona from Liverpool, 
a General Assortment of Manchester, Leeds, Bir- 
mingham and Sheffield Goods. 

"They expect a further supply by the ship Presi- 
dent, from Hull, and the Betsy, from London, both 
of which are hourly expected. 

"■Baltimore, Septemler 16, 1793." 



LUKE TIERNAN'. 57 

And in Tlie Maryland Journal, August 1, 1794: 



"The Partneeship heretofore subsisting between 
KiNGSMiLL Davazst and Luke Tiernak, under the firm 
of Davaist and Tiernan, is dissolved by mutual con- 

Qf 11 r ^ j^c ^ sfi ^ 5ic 

"The business will be carried on as usual by the 
subscriber, 

"LUKE TIERNAN. 

Baltimore, August 1, 1794." 



In the Federal Intelligencer and Baltimore Daily 
Gazette, Wednesday, May 20, 1795 : 



"L. TIERNAN 

"Has imported in the Commerce, from Liverpool, and 
Republican, from London, a handsome assortment of 
Spring Goods. ****** 

"He expects a further supply of Goods with a 
General Assortment of Hardware, Cutlery and Saddlery 
by first vessel from Liverpool. 

"L. Tiernan has received fifty hogsheads clayed 
sugars and forty-three hogsheads of coffee from Gauda- 
loupe. 

"Mav 19, 1795." 



In che same, September 3, 1795 



"L. TIERNAN 

"Has imported in the Active, from Hull, a 
General Assortment of Cloths, Coatings, Plaids, 
Kerseymeres, and Swansdowns, of every description 
and price, which will be opened in the house adjoining 



68 LUKE TIERNAN. 

Mr. Charles Ghequiere's in Market street, and there 
disposed of by the package or piece, on the most reason- 
able terms. 

"He expects a very general and extensive supply of 
Fall Goods by the next arrivals from London and 
Liverpool. 

"September 3, 1795. 



An effort was made to obtain a fac simile of one of 
'these advertisements; but the rules of Maryland His- 
torical Society do not allow the original files of these 
Papers to be taken from their Room. 



Luke Tiernan was the first person engaged in the 
shipping trade between Baltimore and Liverpool. 

Two of his vessels, the "Louisiana" and the "Catlia- 
rine," were taken by the French about 1799, and Mr. 
James H. Causten, of Washington, who spent so much 
of his life in the advocacy of the "French Spoliation 
Claims" — which certainly was a just debt due by the 
Government of the United States — used frequently to 
come to see him upon that busmess. 



In the first "Directory of Baltimore City," pub- 
lished March 7, 1796, containing about 2,800 names, 
the population of LJaltimore being then about 16,000, is : 

"Tiernan, Luke, Merchant, 155 Baltimore Street." 

See Baltimore American, March 8, 1896, page 20. 

Charles Ghequiere lived at 157 Baltimore Street. 
This house was afterwards occupied for many years, by 
Robert Riddell, some of whose descendants still control 
the property. 

Charles Street, Baltimore, was called after 



LUKE TIERNAN. 59 

Charles Ghequiere, who was a prominent shipping 
merchant, trading particularly to Germany. His great- 
grand-son, Charles G. Fenwick, has a large cut glass, 
covered Jar, with the inscription, 

"FLOREAT COMMERCIUM, 

"CHARLES GHEQUIERE, 

"NEAV BREME^sr GLASS MANUFACTORY, 

The 20 fh June, 1788." 



Mrs. Major-General George Crook, was very kind' 
to C. B. Tiernan, on account of her father, John Daily,, 
having received his training in the counting room of 
Luke Tiernan. 

Mr. Daily afterwards built "Daily's," or the 
"Glades Hotel," at Oakland, Md. 

Luke Tiernan's house, now No. 21 East Baltimore 
Street — built over by the Adams Express Company — 
was one of the landmarks of Baltimore. 

Li a work called "Points for Conveyancers," com- 
piled by L. M. Duvall, 1894, on page 10, under the 
head, "Plats, Lines, &c.," is : 

"Luke Tiernan's house, South side of Baltimore 
Street, West of Light Street, Liber, J. B., No. 1427, 
folio 281." 

The Hibernian Society of Baltimore, was organized 
in 1803. Mr, M. A. Mulliu has a newspaper report of 
the meeting in 1805, at Fulton's Tavern, at which the 
officers elected were: President, John Campbell White; 
Vice-President, Thomas McElderry ; Treasurer, George 
Salmon; Committee, David Stewart, Stewart Brown 



60 LUKE TIERNAN. 

Luke Tiernan, James Kamsay, Eobert Moore, Thomas 
Dixon and John Campbell." 

His name is at the head of the List of the Incor- 
porators of the "Hibernian Society of Baltimore," 
in 1818. He was its first Vice-President, and upon the 
death of John Oliver, he was, on December 1, 1823, 
nominated by General Columbus O'Donnell, for Presi- 
dent, and held that office for ten years. 

The free school of the Hibernian Society was estab- 
lished during his presidency, and is the oldest free 
school in Baltimore. 

Charles Tiernan was Godfather for General O'Don- 
nell's son, Charles Oliver O'Donnell, who was named 
after him and Mr. Robert Oliver. 



He was appointed by the Legislature of Maryland, 
in 1797, one of the three managers of Baltimore City, 
under the Act, 

"To lay out and establish a Turnpike road from 
the City of Baltimore through Frederick County, to 
Elizabeths Town, (now Hagerstown,) and Williams- 
port, in Washington County." 

L. T. Brien writes, to C. B. Tiernan: 

"Urbana, Md., April 1, 1898. 
"My Dear Charley: 

"I have to thank you for your courtesy in sending 
me the Sunday American. 

"I noted Grandpa's (Luke Tiernan) connection 
with the building of the Baltimore and Frederick turn- 
pike, in March, 1797. 

"I have often seen his name, on a Memorial pillar, 
which is erected at one end of the very large stone 



LtTKE TifiRNAN. 61 

bridge, which crosses the Monocucy, on that turnpike, 
some three miles east of Frederick." 



He was appointed June 17, 1802, by Thomas Jef- 
ferson, President of tlie United States, General Commis- 
sioner of Bankruptcy, under the Act of Congress, passed 
April 29th, 1802. His Grandson has the Commission ; 
which is signed by the President, and James Madison, 
Secretary of State. 



On May 21st, 1812, in pursuance of the action 
taken by the citizens of Baltimore, in view of the criti- 
cal state of the affairs of the Nation, in regard to its 
foreign relations, and in anticipation of the War with 
Great Britian, which was declared June 18, 1812, he 
was one of the Committee who signed the Kesolutions 
which announced that 

*'The sentiments of the friends of the integrity o£ 
the Union and of the Government should be publicly 
declared ; * * * * g^jjj ^.g pledge ourselves to 
support our Government at every hazard." 

These resolutions were ordered to be transmitted to 
the President of the United States. 



Early in 1813, the Chesapeake Bay was entered by 
a British squadron, under the command of Admiral 
Warren, and the City of Baltimore, not waiting for the 
action of the General Government, appointed a com- 
mifcte of seven, of which Luke Tiernan was one, with 
authority to expend the sum of §20.000 in the means of 
defence : but that sum being insufficient, a meeting of 
the citizens was called, and a loan not exceeding $500,- 
000, was authorized ; and seven other members, among 



62 LUKE TIEKNAN. 

them John Eager Howard, William Patterson and 
Eobert Gilmor, added to the Committee. 

He was one of the original Trustees of the Cathe- 
dral, and was instrumental in the purchase, from Col. 
John Eager Howard, of the ground upon which it was 
built, and his grandson has the following : 

"Baltimoee, 6th July, 1816. 

"Received of Luke Tiernan, three thousand dollars, 
on account of the lot of ground sold to the Trustees of 
the Catholic Church for building the Cathedral. 
"$3,000," "J. E. HowAED." 



Mr. Michael Jenkins has two Lottery tickets, which 
were issued for the purpose of raising funds for the 
building of the Cathedral, and of the Washington 
Monument. 

That for the Cathedral, dated 1820, is issued 
"By special authority of the State of Maryland, under 
the superintendence of the Commissioners appointed 
by the Governor and Council. ***** 

"(Signed) Luke Tiekistan;. 
"J. L Cohen, Secretary." 



In 1817 he was the first Treasurer of the Maryland 
Branch of the African Colonization Society, for the- 
voluntary transportation of free blacks to the Coast of 
Africa. 



In 1824 he was one of the Presidental Electors, for 
John Quincy Adams. 



He was a member of the National Eepublicau Con- 



LUKE TIERJfAN. 63 

vention, which met iu Baltimore December 12th, 1831, 
and unanimously nominated Henry Clay for the Presi- 
dency, and the thanks of the Convention were unani- 
mously voted to Luke Tiernan and six others, members 
of the National Eepublican Committee. 

He was a warm personal friend and correspondent 
of Henry Clay; wdio frequently staid at his house, and 
who spoke of him as the "Patriarch of the Whig Party 
In Maryland." 



On February 12th, 1827, a call was made upon the 
citizens of Baltimore, to take into consideration the best 
means of restoring the Western trade which was being 
diverted from the city, and, on February 19th, in pursu- 
ance of the action taken at the previous meeting, Luke 
Tiernan was appointed upon a committee, consisting of 
a number of the most prominent citizens, to prepare nn 
application to the Legislature for an Act of Incorpora- 
tion of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, which was 
the first Railroad charter granted in the LTuited States. 
The "Herald," one of his ships, brought the first loco- 
motive for the B. & 0. R. R. from Fngland. 



Luke Tiernan was a member of the committee 
appointed at the dedication of the Washington Monu- 
ment in Baltimore, November 25, 1829. 



On Tuesday, Decemljer 29, 1832, the citizens of 
Baltimore, regardless of party, met at the call of the 
Mayor to consider the Ordinance of Nullification, 
adopted by the South Carolina Convention. 

The Mayor, Jesse Hunt, was called to the chair. 



ei LITKE TIERNAN. 

A series of Resolutions was offered by H-ni. Isaac 
McKim, which recited, 

"That, the peace, safety and independence of these 
United States, depend essentially upon the preservation 
of the Union— and the support of the Constitution and 
form of Government established by the People: the 
only legitimate source of power. 

"That certain proceedings, characterized by unjus- 
tifiable violence, and based on a mistaken and rash policy, 
have taken place in the State of South Carolina ; which 
threaten disunion, all the horrors of Civil War, and 
eventually, the destruction of the finest fabric ever 
erected to liberty. 

"The PresideiTt of the United States, General An- 
drew Jackson, has issued his Proclamation, denouncing 
such proceedings, as unconstitutional and illegal, so far 
as they assume a paramount authority to Nullify an Act 
of Congress ; to interrupt the collection of public 
revenue, and to dissolve the sacred bonds of our Union. 

"An expression of opinion at this momentous crisis, 
is proper, and becoming a free people, and it is, 

"Resolved, That the proceedings of the State Con- 
vention of South Carolina, and the political principles 
avowed in the extraordinary and unprecedputed docu- 
ments, styled, 'An Ordinance,' are disapproved by this 
meeting, as tending to disturb the harmony of Go.vern- 
ment : menacing the integrity of the Union : violating 
good faith, and impairing, if not destroying, the pros- 
perity of the Union. ***=-:**" 

A Committee of twelve representative Baltimoreans, 
of whom Luke Tiernan was one, was appointed by the 
Chairman, to consider and report upon the resolutions. 

The Committee recommended the adoption of the 



LUKE TIERNAN. 65 

resolutions, and that a copy be transmitted to the Pres- 
ident, and that they be published in the City papers : 
and it was unanimously so ordered. 

"History of Baltimore," by S. B. Nelson, page 84. 



Luke Tiernan died November 10, 1839. 

C. B. Tiernan has a Scrap Book of his Father, 
which contains a number of Notices of the death of 
Luke Tiernan, and the tributes to his memory speak of 
him as having been greatly respected and beloved, and 
strongly attached to the people and Government of this 
Country. 



Chronicles of Baltimore, 

History of Western Maryland, 

Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography. 



It has been thought best not to encumber this Book 
with many references. All the Works referred to are 
in the Peabody or Mercantile, or Maryland Historical 
Society, or Bar libraries : where the statements are given 
in full, which it has been the effort here to abbreviate 
as much as possible. 

The desire of the writer is to give as little old and 
as much neiv and origincd matter as possible : and to 
make this Book interesting and acceptable to the gen' 
eral reader and to the public. 



The following is the account in ^^The Sun," of 
March 18, 1848, of the 

"ANis^IVERSARY SUPPER OF THE 'BALTIMORE Hi- 



66 LUKE TIERKAl^r. 

BERNiAN Society,' on which occasion Henry Clay 
was the guest of the Society. 

"Hugh Jenkins, the President of the Society, gave 
the toast: 

^'■'Tlie Hon. Henrij Clay. — America's distinguished 
Son, the Star of the West. Like the glorious King of 
Day, as he advances to his close, he casts a brighter 
radiance around his name.' 

"Mr. Clay immediately arose, amid the most deafen- 
ing cheers, and addressed the company almost verbatim 
as follows: — 

"Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Associa- 
tion : — 

"Whilst passing through your City on my return 
home, I received your kind invitation to be present on 
this interesting occasion — an occasion dear to every 
Irish heart, as well as to all who feel a sympathy for 
the many afflictions and wrongs of Ireland. 

•'This invitation, coming to me from an association 
the main object of which is to educate and provide for 
the children and orphans of the sons and daughters of 
Erin, and to smooth the rugged path of the poor and 
destitute emigrant, carried with it a claim to my atten- 
tion which could not be resisted, although other engage- 
ments were pressing on me. 

"For the favorable and complimentary sentiment 
which you have done me the honor to express in my be- 
half, as well as for the manner in which it has been re- 
ceived by the company, I feel truly grateful, and am at 
a loss for language properly to convey the feelings of 
my heart. 

"I have, during a life by no means short, been 
honored with the respect, love and friendship of many 



LUKE TIERNAN". 67 

Irishmen ; u friendship that could never be brolven — 
bonded by mutual love and esteem that still causes the 
fond remembrances of some that are now no more, to 
cling to my heart strings \\ith still closer fervency as 
life speeds on to its clo&e. I have always found them 
true and unwavering friends of the hetirt, adhering 
sLill closer in adversity — always ready to support, sus- 
tain and encourage me in the different vicissitudes of 
life. Among those whom it has been my privilege and 
pride to claim as close and intimate friends in life, was 
the lately deceased and much lamented Porter,* of 
Louisiana, who bore in his breast a most noble and 
devoted Irish heart, distinguished throughout his 
adopted State and country as one of the great friends of 
man, but more especially of the poor and oppressed. I 
could also describe to you the unswerving friendship of 
a Wier, a Lacy and hosts of others, the rememberance 
of whose many and oft repeated acts of kindness 
through a series of years, can never be effaced. 

"Another whose friendship is fondly cherished, as it 
is also doubtless by many of those now present, was the 
amiable and philanthropic friend of man, Luke Tier- 
nan, of Baltimore, a man whose character I may hold 
up to your view as a true exemplar of the generosity, the 
hospitality and the noble devotion of Irishmen, wherever 
I have met them» 

"It is customary, en a festive occasion like the 
present, to propose sentiments to. the honor of great 
statesmen, men of scientific and literary attainments 
and of distiiiguished warriors who have led on their 
countless hosts to victory, amid deeds of heroic valor 

*Hon. Alexander Porter, born near Armagh, Ire- 
land, died in ISii. He was a Judge and U. S. Senator. 



68 LUKE TIERNAK. 

aud noble devotion to the honor and glory of their 
Country. I propose, however, before I close to offer you 
a sentiment in honor of one who, though he has led on 
a whole nation to victory, has used no weapons but the 
weight of his religious character and the powers of 
moral suasion. 

"I allude to the great reformer of the age— -Father 
Matthew — a conquerer without armies, who is soon 
coming amongst us, fresh from his gigantic labors of love 
among the warm-hearted Irish — about whom there will 
linger somethin'^ of the deep poetical character of that 
people, which it will be good to inhale. He comes to us 
with a world-wide renown, distingu'shed for his un- 
bounded philanthropy, his many and unostentatious 
charities, which have secured to him a broad and en- 
during popularity with all classes and conditions, un- 
limited by diversity of religious opinion, or sectional 
bounds. He will be welcomed to our shores by eager 
thousands of all sects, parties, and localities, and by 
none more earnestly and devotedly than myself. I shall 
hope to give him a cordial welcome, and will take de- 
light in extending to him that hospitality and esteem 
due to the great and good man of Ireland, who in a few 
brief years has accomplished a century's work in the 
amelioration of his race — ^imparting new life, energy 
and enthusiasm to the great cause of the physical and 
moral regeneration of his countrymen. 

"My departure for home at an early hour in the 
morning, admonishes me that I must soon leave this fes- 
tive scene to prepare my physical faculties for the fatig- 
ues of travel, I will therefore conclude by offering the 
sentiment I proposed, which I am sure will meet with a 
cordial and hearty response from all present: — 



LUKE TIERXAN". 69 

^^'The Rev. Theobald Matthew — A safe arrival — a 
generous and distinguished reception to him in the 
United States.' 

''The speech and toast were received with the 
most marked and unequivocal testimony of pleasure and 
admiration." 



Charles Tiernan received the following letter : — 

"Baltimore, January 19, 1864. 
^^ Charles Tiernan, Esq.: 
"Dear Sir: — 

"I have been been advised to send you one of my 
circulars, assured that you would have the kind inten- 
tion, if not the ability, to astist my researches after the 
relics of other days. 

"I have a Check, in the handwriting of General 
Washington, to Luke Tiernan, and if you would like to 
possess it, I will exchange it for anything in my line, 
that you should be pleased to offer. 
"Hoping to hear from you favorably, 
"I am, 

"Very Respectfully, 

"Robert Spring," 

Accompanying this letter was a "Special Announce- 
ment," in regard to "Old Letters, Pamphlets, Bo'-ks, 
&c., by Robert Spring, Agent for Public and Private 
Libraries," together with a long Circular. 

Charles Tiernan told his son that he had not taken 
any steps in regard to this matter, and when C. B. 



70 LUKE TIERNAN. 

Tiernan interested himself in it, and made such efforts 
as he could, he found that Mr. Spring had left Balti- 
more, and that his address could not be obtained. 

Mr. Martin I. J. Griffin writes to C. B. Tiernan : — 



" Philadelphia, April 3, 1896. 
"Dear Sir: 

u * * * There is a letter from Priest Prince 
Galitzin, to Luke Tiernan, in the Catholic Historical 
Society. It is framed. * * * " 



His children were : 

Maria Ann Tiernan, born March 18, 1794 ;: 
married by Archbishop Carroll, January 31, 1714, to- 
David Williamson, Jr., died September 18, 1865. 

David Williamson, Jr., born January 29, 1788^ 
married Maria Ann Tiernan^ January 31, 1814; died 
January 19, 1838. 

He served in the War of 1812'. 

They had thirteen children. 

Ann, born 1816, married, first by Archbishop Ec- 
cleston, November 1, 1836, to Albert Sfekamp. He 
died in 1838, and she was married second, April 18, 
1843, by Rev. Father Coskery, to Alexander Young, she 
died in May, 1847, leaving one daughter, Mary Rebecca 
Young ; married at ^'■Lexington," by Rev, Thomas Foley, 
April 30, 1867, to John Henley Smith, son of Jonathan 
Bayard Smith and Henrietta Henley. 



LUKE TIERNAN. 71 

Sarab Jost^phiiie, born 1819, married by Rev. C. I. 
White, January 15, 1850, to Dr. Henry Troup, died 
June 3, 1852, without issue. 

Luke Tiernau, born 1824, was married by Rev. Fr. 
O'Keefe, January 20, 1869, to Eliza Hamtramck, daugh- 
ter of Colonel John Francis Hamtramck, U. S. A., and 
Eliza Selby his second wife. He died June 5, 1879, 
leaving two daughters, Florence married to Edwin 
Ashley Lewis, and Gay Selby. 

Henrietta Maria, born August 28, 182G, was mar. 
ried by Archbishoj) Spah'ing, at the Cathedral, Balti- 
more, April 11, 1866, to Lewis Morton Montgomery, 
died August 3, 1887, without issue. 

Julia Johanna, born November 30, 1827, was mar- 
ried at ^^Lexington" September 14, 1864, to Jervis 
Spencer, died January 16, 1899, leaving one son, David 
Williamson Spencer. 

Rebecca, born June 18, 1834, was married by Rev. 
Thomas Foley, April 30, 1861, to Captain John Mullan, 
JJ. S. A., she died September 4, 1898, leaving three 
children, Emma Verita, Mary Rebecca, and Frank Drexel 
Mullan. 

David, born 1816, went to California in 1849, and 
died in San Francisco, November 20, 1869, unmarried. 

Maria Autoniette, born 1823, was greatly respected 
and beloved. She became a Nun of the Visitation Order, 
as Sister Mary Immaculate, died in Washington, Novem- 
ber 11, 1872. 

Charles Henry, born 1832, entered the Confederate 
Army, and was promoted Second Lieutenant of a 
Louisiana Regiment. He was mortally wounded in the 
Seven days fight before Richmond, and died there 
August 1, 1862, unmarried. 



72 LUKE TIEKNAN. 

Virginia, born January 1, 1836, was very gentle 
and attractive, She became a Nun of the Visitation 
Order, as Sister Mary Lewis, and died in Kichniond, Va.. 
December 30, 1872. 

Elizabeth, born 1825, died 1826; Laura, born 1830, 
died 1832, and Albertina, born 1838, died September 11, 
1850. 

David Williamson, Sr., born in Strathhaven. 
J^anarkshire, Scotland, November 7, 1753, was the son 
of John, and grandson of James Williamson. 

He came to America, with Ealph Abercrombie, in 
March, 1772, and settled in Baltimore, where he became 
a prominent merchant. He was one of the commis- 
sioners of the City in 1804. 

He served in the Eevolutionary War. 

He built a conntry home on the Keisterstown Eoad, 
seven miles from Baltimore, which he called "Lexing- 
ton," after the first battle of the Revolution, and where 
his family extended a large hospitality for three quarters 
of a century. 

He built a handsome Vanlt in the Cathedral Ceme- 
tery, adjoining that of Lnke Tiernan. Both are now 
similarly situated in the New Cathedral Cemetery of 
Bonnie Brae. 

He studied for the Presbyterian Ministry, but 
became a Catholic, after meeting Miss Henrietta 
Maria Mitchell, who was his first wife, by her he 
had seven children, four of whom died in infancy; the 
others were : 

Ann, born March 9, 1781, married James Thomp- 
son, died without issue. 

David Williamson, Jr., mentioned above. 



LUKE TIERNAN. 73 

Henrietta Mtiriu, born July 6, 1790, married in 
1812 by Archbishop Carroll to William Carroll, son of 
Daniel Carroll, of Rock Creek, and a nephew of Arch- 
bishop Carroll, she died, 1870. They had four children, 
Henrietta Maria, unmarried, David Williamson, married 
Melanie Scull, M»ry, married Benjamin Ellicott, John 
married Agnes Adams. 

David Williamson, Sr., married secondly, Juliana 
Johanna de Mulet, born near Bruges, Belgium. 

"The Balti'more Telegraph" of Wednesday, Decem- 
ber 16, 1795. says: "Married yesterday, by the Right 
Reverend Bishop Carroll, Mr. David Williamson, Mer- 
chant, to the truly amiable Miss Julia de Mulet, both 
of this town." 

By her he had nine children, three died young. 
The others were : 

Juliana, b«irn December 25, 1796, married, first, 
David Kilgore, of Ci ncinnati, Ohio. She married second, 
George Van Horn de Witt, of New York, she died June 
6, 1866, without issue. 

Charles Alexander, born June 2, 1800, married in 
Annapolis, Md., May 1, 1832, to Ann Wyer, (widovv)^ 
nee Wedderstrand, of New Orleans, died December 14, 
1878, without issue. 

Maria Antoinette, married May 16, 1821, by Arch- 
bishop Marechal, to Colonel John Francis Hamtramck, 
U. S. A. They had one child, Mary Rebecca, who mar- 
ried Notley Rozier De Courcey, of "Cheston," Queen 
Anne's County, Maryland, eldest son of William De 
Courcey and Eliza, daughter of Notley Rozier, of Not- 
ley Hall, Prince George's Co., Md. They had one 
child, Lily De Courcey. Notley De Courcey married 
second, Nannie Paca, daughter of John Paca. 



74 LUKE TIERNAN. 

Maria Antoinette, died September, 1823, and 
Colonel Hamtramck married second, December 27, 1825, 
Eliza Selbj. 

George William, born February 2, 1803, married 
first, Mary Boerum, of New York, by whom he had 
three sons: David, married Mary Butler of New York, 
by whom he had five children. May, Butler, Josephine, 
De Witt, Georgianna, 

Agustus, who died abroad, unmarried, and 

George Williamson, Jr., who was educated in 
Europe, joined the Confederate Army in 1861, and 
served with great credit to himself and usefulness to 
the service. He was first in the Maryland Line, and 
afterwards was assigned to the Stal¥ of General John 
B. Gordon. 

He was killed at the Battle of Fisher's Hill, 
September 22, 1864. He was unmarried. 

George Williamson, Sr., married secondly, Mary 
Livingston, daughter of Van Brugh Livingston, of 
New York. By her he had no children. 

Adolphus, born January 10, 1806, entered the 
Priesthood, and was stationed in Boston, where he died 
in 1844. 

Joseph de Mulet, born August 1, 1807, married to 
Mary Boyle, in St. Joseph, Mo. He died in 1844, with- 
out issue. 



Rebecca, of whom later on. 



Chakles Tiernan, of whom later on. 



AiS'N' TiERNAN, born 1799, was married by Arch- 



LUKE TIERNAN. 75 

bishop Marechal to Robert Coleman Brien, November 
19, 1825, (lied 1834. 

They had two children ; Harriet, who died in in- 
fancy ; and Luke Tiernan Brien, who married in 181:7, 
Mary Virginia, daughter of G. B. Wilson of Baltimore, 
and is now living on his farm "Tyroue," Frederick 
County, Md. 

He served during the Civil War, in the Confeder- 
ate Army, as chief of Staff of General J. E. B. Stuart, 
and of General W. H. F. Lee, and attained the rank of 
Colonel of Cavalry. 



Robert Coleman Brien was the eldest so». of John 
Brien. 

John Brien was born in the Parish of Gargades^ 
County Tyrone, Ireland. He was the son of Edward 
Brien and Rebecca Coleman. 

John B)'ien and his brother, Edward Brien, came 
to ihf' United States towards the close of the Eighteenth 
Century,, with their Uncle, Robert Coleman, and settled 
in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania ; where Robert 
Coleman became a prominent Iron Manufacturer. 

The Coleman Drayton family of New York, are a 
branch of this family. 

Edward Brien remained in Lancaster County, and 
married Dorothy, daughter of General Edward Hand of 
the Revolution. 

John Brien removed to F"'rederick County, Mary- 
land, and married Harriet, the eldest child of Colonel 
John MacPherson, Sr., and Avith his Father-in-Law, 
established the Catoctin Iron Works of Frederick 
County, and the Antietam Iron Works, of Washington 
County, Maryland. 



76 LUKE TIEKN^AN. 

John MacPherson Brien, second son John Brien, 
married first, Eebecca Salmon Meredith, daughter of 
Jonathan Meredith of the Baltimore Bar. 

He married second, Isabel Ann Barron, niece and 
adopted daughter of Eobert Gilmor, Sr. 

William Coleman Brien, fifth son of John Brien, 
married Katharine Hughes, of Mont Alto Furnace, 
Pennsylvania. She married second. Rev. Tryon Edwards, 
an Episcopal Minister of Hagerstown. 

His other children, Henry Augustus, William Byrd, 
Sarah, Harriet Smith, and James Smith, died unmarried. 



Catharine Tiernan, born 180S, married in 1831. 
Captain Frederick Chatard, of the United States and 
Confederate Navies. She died in March, 1840. 

C. B. Tiernan has a fine copy of the "Christian's 
Guide," which has written in it. 

''To William H. Tiernan, from his affectionate 
Sister Catharine, March 27, 1840, in extremis." 

Their eldest son, Luke Tiernan Chatard, born 
October 18, 1833, studied Law, and formed a partner- 
ship with James L. McLane. He was rising in the 
profession, when he died of Consumption, January 2, 
1860. He was engaged to be married to Miss Mary 
Schuyler, at the time. 

The Sun of January 4, 1860, has the following: 

"LAW INTELLIGENCE. 

"Superior Court. — Honorable E. N. Martin, 
Judge. 

"Elisha Warford and others vs. Eichard Colvin 
Warford. Action of ejectment, under the Will of 
the late Eachel Colvin. Before reported. — Argument 



LUKE TIERNAN". 77 

on prayers contiiined by the Hon. Reverdy Johnson for 
the defendant. 

"After the conclusion of Mr. Johnson's argument, 
S. Teackle Wallis, Esq., rose and said : 

"May it please the Court — 

"I rise with deep regret to announce to your Honor 
and my brethern present, the death of Luke Tiernan 
Chatard, Esq., a promising and most estimable young 
member of this Bar. Mr. Chatard received his profes- 
sional education in my office, and for many years I 
have known him well, and have held him among mv 
most cherished friends. He was a young man of excel- 
lent abilities and attainments, and full of industry, 
energy and character. In his personal relations he was 
manly, affectionate and true, and his moral qualities 
were such as would have honored the most elevated 
position in any calling. Although, before his pro- 
tracted illness, he had entered upon a career of 
success, he has been by confinement and suffering, so 
much withdrawn from the intercourse and even the ac- 
quaintance of his brethern, that I have deemed it most 
appropriate, without the formality of a meeting of the 
Bar, to ask only that your Honor will be pleased to 
adjourn, out of respect to his memory, and direct the 
Clerk to enter this motion, and your Honor's order upon 
it, on the minutes of the Court. 

"His Honor, Judge Martin, expressed, in a few 
feeling and appropriate remarks, his regret at the un- 
timely decease of a gentleman so full of estimable 
qualities as Mr. Chatard, and said that the Court would 
gladly take the opportunity of testifying its respect for 
his character bj adjourning, as suggested, and by caus- 



78 LUKE TIERNAN. 

ing the appropriate entry to be made by the Cle'-k on 
the minutes. 

"The Court then adjourned until this morning at 
ten o'clock." 



Their other children were Pierre Chatard, born 
March 16, 1836, he moved to St. Louis, Missouri, 
where he married Ellin Elder ; he died November 30, 
1867, leaving three children; 

and Catharine, born Mayl8, 1839, married, 1863, 
William H. Ward, and died March 25, 1865, leaving a 
child, Frederick, who died in infancy. 



Frederick Chatard was the son of Dr. Pierre Cha- 
tard. 

Pierre Chatard came to Baltimore, from the Island 
of Martinique, in 1797. 

His father was a rich French Planter upon that 
Island, and Pierre, studied medicine as an accomplish- 
ment, and for the purpose of being useful to his slaves. 
At the time of the rising of the negroes in rebellion, 
their Coachman, who afterwards became Governor of 
the Island, gave warning to the family of their danger, 
and enabled them to escape. 

Dr. Pierre Chatard became an eminent j^ractioner 
in Baltimore. 

His children were: Dr. Ferdinand E. Chatard, 
who married Eliza Marean ; Captain Frederick Chat- 
ard, born 1807, died in St. Louis, Mo., October 5, 
1897, who married first, Catharine Tiernan, second, 
Elise McNally: Emily, who married Frederick James 
Dugan, son of Cumberland Dugan and Margaret Kelso, 



LUKE TIERNAN. 79 

his second wife ; and Josephine, who married Dr. 
Washington Chew Van Bibber. 



Luke Tiernan's other children were: Luke; Sally, 
who was considered handsome and intelligent ; Agnes, 
AVilliam, Michael, and Kennedy Ovveu, who all died 
unmarried. 



Pateick Tiernan, Luke Tiernan's half brother, 
married Mrs. Clark, formerly Miss Ann S. Cobb. 

Miss Ann Cobb was very intimate with the family 
of Eobert Riddell, Sr., and when quiet young she spent 
several years in their house. Robert Riddell by his will 
dated February 19, 1809, bequeathed her a legacy of 
$1,500,00. Some of his grandchildren used to call her 
Aunt Nancy, and kept up the intimacy with her until 
her death. 

By her first husband, she had a daughter. Miss 
Maria Clark, who married George R. Carroll, U. S. N., 
of the family of the Carrolls of Duddington. 

They had three children, Anna Carroll, who mar- 
ried Outerbridge Horsey, of Frederick County Md.; 
Maria Carroll, who married Henry Hooper, of Sonoma, 
California, and Daniel Carroll, who was killed in the 
Confederate Army. 

By Patrick Tiernan, she had Paul Tiernan, named 
after his grandfather in Ireland, and Michael Tiernan, 
who are said to have been clever and intelligent. They 
went to Missouri where they died. 

Also, there are buried in the lot at Bonnie Brae : 
Patrick Tiernan, who died June 25, 1851, in his 
seventy-first year. 



80 LUKE TIERNAN. 

Ann Tiernan, widow of Patrick Tiernan, died 
January 6, 1873, aged 96. 

Catharine, daughter of Patrick Tiernan, died 
December 24, 1846: Ann E. Tiernan, daughter of 
Patrick Tiernan, died May 27, 1857; and Luke Tier- 
nan, named after his Uncle, who died December 28, 
1890, aged 68 years. 




Mrs. Kebecca Somerville, 



MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 83 

Kebecca Tiernan, named after her graiulniother, 
Rebecca Swearingen, was born December 11, 1795, 
She married Henry Vernon Somerville, December 
26, 1815, and died May 8, 186-3. 

She was an accomplished lady in every sense of 
the term. 

Mrs. John P. Kennedy said of her to Mrs. Mary 
Spear Tiernan, that "she was a w^onian of perfect man- 
ners," and her handsome appearance, and kindness and 
sweetness adorned her position. 

Tnis pictnre of Mrs. Somerville is taken from a 
miniature of her, painted by Miss Anna Peale, belong- 
ing to Mrs. J. Henley Smith, which was kindly loaned 
for this purpose. 



There was great friendship with some of the mem- 
bers of the family of the Hon. William Pinkney, and 
in the year 1824, Edward Coate Pinkney addressed 
the well-known Verses to her : 



*'A Health. 
I 

"1 fill this cup, to one made up 

Of loveliness alone — 
A woman I of her gentle sex 

The seeming paragon ! 
To whom the better elements 

And kindly stars have given 
A form so fair, that like the air, 

'Tis less of earth than hearen. 



84 MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 



2 



"Her every tone, in music's own, 

Like those of morning birds, 
And something more than melody 

Dwells ever in her words. 
The coinage of her heart are they. 

And from her lip each flows 
As one may see the burthened bee. 

Forth issue from the rose ! 



3 



"Affections are as thoughts to her 

The measure of her hours ; 
Her feelings have the fragrancy, 

The freshness of young flowers I 
While lovely passions changing oft» 

So fill her, she appears 
By turns the image of themselves — 

The idol of past years. 



"Of her bright face, one glance will trace, 

A picture on the brain ; 
And of her voice in echoing hearts 

A sound must long remain ; 
But memory, such as mine of her, 

So very much endears. 
When life is nigh, my latest sigh, 

Will not be life's but her's. 



MKS. REBECCA 50MERYILLE. 85 



*'I filled this cup to one made np 

Of loveliness aloue! 
A woman ! of her gentle sex, 

The seeming of paragon ! 
Her health ! and would on earth there stood 

Some more of such a frame ! 
That life might be all poetry, 

And weariness a name." 



On the 19th of April, 1864, Hon. John P. Ken- 
nedy and Alexander Bliss j)repared a handsome 
volume, called "Autograph Leaves of Our Country's 
Authors," a copy of which is in the Maryland Histori- 
cal Society's Library — for the benefit of the Mary- 
land State Fair, for United States Sanitary 
Commission; and for the assistance of the sick and 
wounded soldiers of the United States Army. 



Mrs. Elizabeth Gray Kennedy wrote the fol- 
lowing letter to C. B. Tiernan iu behalf of this work : 

"Charles Tiernan, Jr., Esq. 
"Charles Street. 

"No. 90 Madison st. 
"Baltimore, March 3, 1864. 
"My Dear Mr. Tiernan : 

"Mr. Kennedy is about having some fac-similes, of 
American authors, struck off. 



86 MES. REBECCA SQMERVILLE. 

"I remember that your Aunt Somerville had a 
copy of Edward Pinkney's verses, "I Fill This Cup^ 
&c./' in his own handwriting. 

"I should be very much obliged to you, if you 
would lend it to me for a short time, 

"It will be not at all injured, and may I ask the 
favor for you to let me have it at once. 

"I will return it in a few days. 
"Truly yours, 

"E. G. Kennedy.'^ 



C. B. Tieman replied to this letter, expressing his- 
great regret that the piece could not be found. 



It was discovered afterwards, and a reduced fac- 
simile of the two first verses is here shown. 



Mrs. Somerville had given it to her daughter, Agnes, 
who had died in Natchez, Mississippi, in 1861, and in 
1864, it was difficult to have communication with that 
part of the Country. 



Mrs. Somerville was very kind to C. B. Tiernan, 
and after her death, a good many of her papers came 
into his possession. 

When Charles Tiernan died, his papers also came 
into the possession of his son. 

In 1894, the "Catholic Historical Researches" of 
Philadelphia, edited by Mr. Martin I. J. Griffin, asked 
C. B. Tiernan for a sketch of Luke Tiernan, which he 
gave them with great pleasure. 






>5 



^) ^ H N^ 






Hi 




^ ^ § 



MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 89 

He thought, also, that some of these letters and 
papers of his Aunt and Father were worthy of being 
preserved, and possessed a public and general interest 
in giving pleasant pictures of the private life of persons 
whose names were tolerably well known, and that he 
was paying a debt of honor in producing this publica- 
tion. 

In 1896, The Catholic Mirror published in its 
columns some of the material which is here collected, 
and which is the foundation of this work. 

C. B. Tiernan sent the Number in which this 
piece appeared to the present Mrs. Shields, in Natchez. 
She replied in a long and most kind letter, which is 
greatly valued, and says :^ 



''Natchez, January 22, 1S97. 
"My Dear Mr. Tiernan: 

"So long a time has elapsed since any of us have 
heard from you that I feel a little anxious, fearing you 
may be unwell. ***** 

"The Catholic Mirror you sent, I acknowledge 
at once, thanking you for the kind, good things you 
said of me and mine. * * * 

"I was amusing myself a few nights ago, looking 
over old letters, and to my delight I discovered, what I 
presume, is the original piece hy Pinkney, and herewith 
enclose it to you. 

"Several words are different in the original and I 
like them best. 



90 MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 

"I trust this will reach you safely, and find you 

Tjypj I ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 

"With love, and best wishes, in which my sons join 
me, 

"As ever your friend, 

"Julia D. Shields." 



The back of the Poem is a good deal scribbled over 
with such words as, 

"Miss Agnes Somerville, 1843. 

"December 11th, Ma's Birthday. Tuesday, June 
23rd, Fishing party to Cabin Branch, (Anne Arundel 
Co.) Remember me." &c., &c. 



The families of Hon. William Wirt and Luke 
Tiernan, were united by the ties of the warmest friend- 
ship and intimacy. 

Miss Catharine Wirt, who married Hon. Alexan- 
der Randall of Annapolis, was very intimate with Mrs. 
Gay R. Tiernan ; and some of her letters which were 
of the most confidential character, were given to her 
daughter, Mrs. Barton Brune, by C. B. Tiernan. 

Miss Elizabeth Wirt, who married Admiral Louis 
M. Goldsborough, was also very intimate with Mr. Tier- 
nan's family ; and Charles Tiernan rendered assistance 
to Mrs. William Wirt, (Miss Gamble), in the prepara- 
tion of a Book that she published upon "The Langu- 
age OF Flowers," a book which was much sought 



MRS. liEBECCA SOMERVILLE. 91 

after at the time, piirticnlarly by young ladies of asenti- 
iiienta! turn of miud. 



Charles Tiernan was married to Miss Gay Bernard, 
at 'Gay Mont,' Virginia, December 14, 1836. 

On this occasion the house was full to overflow- 
ing, and many of the guests were obliged to be (|uar- 
tered in the out buildings. 

It was said that Captain, afterwards General John 
Baukhead Magruder, was seen one morning, like Narcis- 
sus, endeavoring to arrange his cravat over his reflec- 
tion in a bucket of water. 



Miss Ellen Wirt writes to Mrs. Somerville :— 

"Grey Castle, Eichmond, 

"January 23, 1837. 

"I have been liesitating, my dear Madam, whetlier 
1 should trouble you , ith an acknowledgement of your 
most gratifying little billet, but my heart, as is usual in 
contests of the sort, gains the ascendency, and bids nic 
speak my thanks. 

"1 was indeed much touched by your remembrance 
of me at such a time, sick as you were, and surrounded 
by those whose claims on your attention were so much 
stronger than my own, but I will yield to none of them 
in an entire appreciation of your valued friendship. 

"We are all once more safely at home, after divert-' 
misluips, such as travelling all nigJd, as was the case 
with Mrs. Robertson and myself; and a detention of 
two days at the Bowling Green, by the second division 



92 MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 

of our party. By the bye, what a lovely woman is this 
same Mrs. Robertson. I should never have known her, 
but for this accidental association. 

"Say to the fair Bride and h(r sweet Cousin, (Miss 
Eliza B. Skipwith,) that our little Metropolis, is quite 
gay just now. We were at a party at Mrs. F. Gwathniey's 
a night or two ago, and met with all the world. 
Barbara (Colquhoun, afterwards Mrs. Trigg,) was there, 
looking ratlier dolorous; and Mr. Trigg, unfortunate 
man ! even more tragical. On (lit that she had dis- 
carded him, because forsooth, he lives so out of the 
world. If I read her aright, 'there is no mortal mix- 
ture of earth's mould,' that could be supportable to 
her gay and social character, under such circumstances- 
I told her that I intended to write to you, and she 
desired to be specially remembered. 

"I wrote a long letter to Francis Selden, a few 
days ago, with the hope of hearing something of your 
movements, after you actually left 'Gay Mont,' which 
young Lightfoot tells us, was not for several days 
after our departure. I am anxious to know how you 
bore the journey, dear Mrs. Somerville, and how Cas- 
sandra (Nisbet,) 'stands the stormy coast' these wintry 
times; whether the music of Sprigg's coat brushing 
affects her as much as ever, and how that flirtation 
ended. 

"Great results from little causes spring, and that, 
by a natural coincidence, reminds me of the Count 
and Miss Robertson. Did they talk themselves into 
earnest ? 

"Will dear Gay, really ant\ sure enough make us 
a visit this winter? I hope she may not be so happy as 
to forget this parting promise according to Catharine's 



TVIRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 



9^ 



Teport. Tell her, we slia'I ^e so happy to wek-ome her 
■once more among us. 

''Imagine my consternation to find in my return 
home, that dear Mother had been sunmioned to Phila- 
delphia, to attend my Brother Henry, in a dangerous 
illness. He is convalescing very Slowly, and Mother is 
•still very uneasy about him. 

'•My dear Sister Gold«borough leaves us in a few 
days for Florida, her husband having determined to 
return for her, as tliere is nothing to be apprehended 
from the Indians now. It will be a painful separation 
to us, the' wecaunet but acquiesce in the propriety of 
her going. 

"I have written almost in the dark, and have just 
light enough to tell yon, that I love you ^ery dearly, 
any dear Madam, that it will give me great happiness to 
hear from, or of you, at all times, and to ask you to 
remember me to my many kind friends around you. 
C-atharine says she will write to Gay soon. 

"Sister Elizabeth and herself join me in love. 
''Your truly attached 

''Ellen Wirt.''' 



Hon. John Pendleton Kennedy, Secretary of 
the Navy and Member of Congress, was always one of 
her particular friends — their fathers' places adjoined, 
und as children, being near the same age, they had 
been put in the baby carriage together. 

Mr. Kennedy obtained for her son, James Hope- 
well SoMERViLLE, the appointment to the United 
States Naval Academy at Annapolis, where Lieutenant 
SomerviUe graduated with credit. 



9'4 MKS. REBECCA &JMEKVIL1,E. 

He Served with distinction, in the Mexican War. 
Admiral Balch told C. B. Tiernan that he remembered 
Lieutenant Somerville: Ihat he was much liked, and 
that he was considered a promising and rising officer. 
He died of fever, at Key West, Florida, February 4^ 
1850, aged 28 years, and he is buried there. 

After the death of Charles Tiernan, a good many 
of his Books were purchased for the Library of T. 
Harrison Garrett. Among them was a Book written 
by James H. Somerville, while at the Naval Academy, 
giving all the details of a Naval education. It had a 
great many drawings in pen and ink, of sails, ropes, 
rigging, and every thing connected with Naval life ; 
and showed a great interest in, and knowledge of his 
profession. 



There was also a great intimacy between Hon. 
Anthony Kennf-dy and Charles Tiernan. 



The following are some of the letters from Hon. 
John P. Kennedy to Mrs. Somerville : 



"Washington, January 9, 1839. 
"My Dear Madam : — 

^'I have delayed answering your letter, for a few 
days, in order that I might make some inquiries into 
the probability of my being able to exercise any useful 
influence, towards the gratification of your wish in 
reference to your son. 1 have seen Mr. Worthington, 
who tells me that the vacancy in his district will not 
occur for some time. 

"In my district, there will be a vacancy in June 



MRS. REBPCCA SOMERVILLE. \)5 

aiext to which I have proiuised John Mercer, some time 
ago, to recommend his son— a promise, however, which 
I know will ]>e of no avail in its fulfillment, as I can 
-carry none of that weight to the recommendation which 
is deemed essential here — the weight of obedience and 
service in the train of the administration. 

"The Secretary says that I am entitled to the nomi- 
nation, Mr. (Benjamin C.) Howard having nominated 
the last appointment from the district. 

"I discover, nevertheless, that the son of a Metho- 
dist preacher, by the name of Battle, a man of the true 
stripe, has already been recomiiiended by Mr. Howard, 
iind will get the appointment— :it least, so I have been 
informed. AVhether Mercer will, in prosjiect of ibis 
more formidable antagonist, go through the ceremony 
of applying for his son, I have not yet been apprised. If 
he should not, you may rest assured that whatever force 
my solicitation or persuasion may give to the claims of 
James, shall be bestowed, not only with good will, but 
with a lively interest in his success. 

"The truth is, we have little to hope here, from 
either the favor or the justice of the administration, and 
are, therefore, loath to encourage our friends to hazard 
the disappointment, almost certain to attend the petition 
for a share in the bounties of the government, which 
were designed to be thj common rights of alb 

''I shall do more in your case than in almost any 
other that could be presented, and I trust you will 
believe that our old friendship, sustained and ripened 
through many years of friendly intercourse, will impel 
me now, when I cannot but feel that your claims upon 
me are strengthened by misfortune, to render you every 
service that my position, here or at home, may command. 



96 MTRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 

"I shall not fail to communicate to yon whatever I 
Hiay learn, likely to interest your attention. 

"What is James-' age? What have been his studies ?' 
and how long since you had his na^me registered? 

"In additioB to my thanks for your good wishes, I 
have to express my gratification at the kindness implied' 
in your estimate — much- too indulgent, I fear — of mj 
su cess. 

"I can truly say that some of my earliest and most 
earnest aspirations after fame, were taugbt me, by your- 
self^ 

"E-ver,- my dear Mad-am*, 

""Very truly yours, 

"J. P. Kenn-edy." 
"Mrs. Somertiele.^' 



Another is r 

"My Dear Madam: — 

"It sometimes happens, tbat a racaucy in the Mili- 
tary Academy, occurs in districts where the representa- 
tives have no persons to offer to fill it. 

"In the ho-pe O'f casually finding some such vacancy, 
I have promised yo-u t^ keep your request in mind, and 
I am resolved to avail myself of such an opportunity 
as soon at it may present itself.^ 

"In my own district, as I have told you, my free will 
in the matter is forestalled by the application of Mercer. 
Still I am not without the expectation of finding an 
occasion to serve you, which lam sure you will believe 
that 1 will do with a gratification equal to what you 
would feel in the event of success. I propose to 



MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 9? 

enquire amongst those over whom, in the way of such 
favors, I might exercise the influence of friendship, 
and make the best of the endeavor for your benefit. 
The Secretary of War ^^rofesses to leave the nomina- 
tions of cadets to the representatives. I have reason, 
however, to suspect his independence as well as his sin- 
cerity in this matter, and I believe that our friends will 
find but scant grace in his eyes. You see, therefore, 
the difficulty in the way of reaching our object during 
this reign of exclusion. 

''Let me advise you to set no great stake upon your 
hope of success, and especially to discard all anxiety of 
mind in the matter, taking any good fortune, if it arises, 
as a windfall, but caring little if you should not find it. 

"I grieve deeply to hear of your ill health, and trust 
that your spirits tinge your feelings with an unneces- 
sary apprehension. 

"Your duties to your family should inspire you 
with a more cheerful temper, and I have too much con- 
fidence in your good sense and fortitude to believe that 
you will not very soon find yourself acquiring your 
accustomed vigor and alacrity, not only in the order- 
ing of your family concerns, but in the restoration of 
your health and spirits. 

"You should spend more of your time in Baltimore 
and amongst friends, who would teach you to forget 
the cares that I am sure your solitude in the country 
must painfully increase. 

" 'Rob of the Bowl,' I was aware, was not likely 
to be so popular as 'Horse Shoe Robinson.' 

"The tale is somewhat antiquated in date, required 
a somewhat obselete phraselogy, and a description of 
ancient manners — ancient, I mean, in our calendar. 



98 MRS. EEBECCA SOMERS^ILLE. 

"Still, I like it, better than 'Horse Shoe,' perhaps, 
first, for the natural reason that it is the youngest born, 
and secondly, because it required more antiquarian labor, 
in which, by the by, I take some pride. 

"As to this miserahle political life, I assure you I 
am as sick of it already as my worst enemy might wish 
to see me. 

"You say truly, there is nothing in it to gratify a 
generous ambition. 

"I take my turn at it because it is in the circle of 
life and affords one a new chapter of observation. 

"I neither look for nor desire its fame. 
"Very truly, 

"Your friend, 

"J. P. Kennedy. 
"House of Representatives, 

"January 18, 1839. 
"Mrs. Somerville." 



"December 2, 1841. 
"My Dear Madam : 

"Soon after I saw you last I wrote to Mr. Upshur 
to request a change of service for 'our boy.' 

"The answer you will find with this, 

"I send it to you in order that you mny hold it as 
evidence of the promise it contains. 

"I shall see the Secretary in a few days, and if I 
find that v)e — I mean the fugitives from Tyler — are to 
share any favor with him, I will repeat my request, on 
behalf of James. 

"Meantime, I beg you to believe that I take such 
interest in serving you, that I shall keep a special eye 
upon the future pregress of this youngster, treating 

' 4 



MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 99 

him, at least in the way of counsel, as if he were my 
own. 

"Very truly yours, 

"J. P. K. 



"Washington, July 6, 1842. 
"My Dear Madam: 

"I have just sent your letter to Ann Eebecca, 
through the post-office, and shall take the first leisure 
moment to call and tell her how happy I shall be to 
obey the commands of her Mamma, by bringing her 
home. 

"I go up every Saturday evening, and as the cars 
take me no further than the Relay House, I have a car- 
riage there, which takes me under the very guns of your 
fort. 

"On Saturday next, therefore, if you will trust me^ 
with so responsible a charge, I will make it my duty to 
convey our young Lady up to the very door, giving 
yourself no further concern for her safety, than the 
obligation to be at home to receive her. 

"It is quite probable Mr. Gray will be with me, as 
he meditated a visit to this place to be made next Friday. 
In that event he will return with me the next day. You 
will thus have the guaranty of two gallants in the ser- 
vice of your daughter. 

"You say well when you call this drudgery of mine 
here, a penalty for fame and honor. 

^'Such fame and honor ! 

"I think I give good proof of something better than 
ambition, in this sacrifice of life — for, sacrifice of life's 
higher rewards it certainly is ! 

"I take some jjatriot ism to my account. 

LofC. 



100 MRS. EEBECCA SOMERTILLE. 

( 

"The truth is, we are in a most wretched way. 

"The ignorance, imposture and venality of locofo- 
coism, which infests this country like a plague ; the 
indescribable silliness, inanity and tomfoolery of this 
fellow Tyler, and the contemptible submission of the 
corrupt, but strong men, who form his administration — 
the secret intrigue, and the miserable competition 
among the underlings, to lead this Jackdaw into the 
alliance that may suit their wishes — have all brought 
us into the most despicable condition that any respecta- 
ble nation ever presented. 

"It is worth all our privations, to remain here, and 
if possible, to help the country out of this horrible 
plight. I almost, however, despair. 

"ISTow, them's my sentiments. 

"As to you ; you have a capital crop, as I see in 
passing; you have a fine family around you, with a 
wholesome breeze sweeping over that beautiful hill of 
yours. 

'*You have good friends — I am one of them I 

" You have given a spirited, gaJlnnt hoy — or rather 
I have — to the service ; ivhat more do you want f 

"You baggage ! It is quite refreshing to look upon 
a little republic like yours, after the daily observation 
of this great one around us. 

"So be thankful— do your duty, and use the goods 
the Gods have given you. 

"Yours truly, 

"J. P. K." 



There are other letters of, the same tenor, which 




Leiutenant James H. Somerville. U. S. Navy. 



MRS. REBECCA SOMERTILLE. 103 

show with what feelings of regard Mr. Kenuedy looked 
upon her, and in which he assnres her, that his first 
inclinations towards public life, were received from 
conversations with her, and that all of his ambition was 
encouraged bv her councils. 



There are other letters from prominent persons to 
Mrs. Somerville, in which there are expressions of 
their great respect and regard for her. 



This picture of Lieutenant Somerville is taken 
from a small portrait, in oil, of him, in the possession 
of C. B. Tiernan. 



C. B. Tiernan received several communications 
from the Naval Department of the United States, in re- 
gard to Back pay and Bounty money, due to Lieutenant 
Somerville. These amounts were returned into the 
Treasury of the United States, as there were no mem- 
bers of the family living who were entitled to receive 
them. 



Richard Henry Wilde, was another friend and 
admirer of Mrs Somerville. The presentation copy 
from himself to her of his work on 'The Love and 
Madness of Tasso,' which he wrote in Italy, is now in 
the possession of C. B. Tiernan. 

Mrs. John E. Tait has a fine copy of "The Poets 



104 MKS. REBECCA SOMERVILL.E. 

AND Poetry of America," by Rufus W. Griswold, 
given to her by her Aunt Somerville, which has written 
in it: — 

"To Mrs. Rebecca Somerville, 

"as a slight return for the many obligations 

"confered upon the Donor, 

"John R. Kenly." 
("Major- General U. S. A., 1865.) 
"July 1, 1842." 



Among the selections in it from the works of R. H. 
Wilde, are the well-known verses : "My Life Is Like The 
Summer Rose." 

Mrs. Dr. John Buckler, (Eliza Sloan) of Baltimore, 
wrote a "Reply" to these verses which may not be so 
well known, and it is hoped that the first verse of the 
Poem and of the Reply here, will be acceptable. 



"My Life Is Like The Summer Rose. 



"My Life is like the Summer Rose, 
Which opens the morning sky — 
And ere the shades of evening close. 
Is scattered on the ground to die. 
Yet on that Rose's humble bed, 
The sweetest dews of nigh are shed — 
As if she wept such waste to see ; 
But none shall shed a tear for me." 



mrs. rebecca somervillb. 105 

"Reply. 



"The dews of night may fall from Heaven, 
Upon the withered Kose's bed — 

And tears of fond regret be given, 
To mourn the virtues of the dead. 

Yet morning's Sun the dews will dry, 

And tears will fade from sorrow's e^^e ;. 

Affection's pangs be lulled to sleep. 

And even Love forget to weep." 



Mr. Wilde addressed a number of poems to Mrs. 
Somerville and C. B. Tiernan, still has the following 
in his own handwriting : 



•'The Invitation I 

"Come ! come to us hither ! the goblet is flowing, 
And wit dropping sparks like the sunbeams in showers. 
The Moon shining softly, the summer breeze blowing, 
And odors, and melody, round us are throwing 
Their spell, till our hearts seem all music and flowers ! 

"Oh, come to us hither ! the moments are flying— 
The longest of lives has not many such hours— 
The goblet is filling, the south wind is sighing ; 
The Moon beams are waning, the Night flowers dying— 
Oh, come to us hither ! we'll take no denying— 
Your pleasure is all that's now wanting to Ours I " 



106 mrs. rebecca somerville. 

Magna Civitas! Magna Solitudo! 



Here all is heai'tless, hollow, loud, 

Vain glittering show, and empty sound. 

Society 's a lonesome crowd. 

Pleasure, the same dull tedious round. 

One heart to love, one lip to press, 

One friend to trust, in some wild glen, 

Were less a waste. Oh ! ten times less. 
Than this vast Solitude of Men. 



LINES 

WRITTEN IN AN ALBUM. 



Here Memory lives, here too Oblivion dwells — 
The last o'er the tablet weaves his drowsy spells — 
The first, her pinion in the Fountain wets — 
He who writes, remembers: She who reads, forgets. 



SONNET. 



To THE Mocking Bird. 

Winged mimic of the woods, thou motley fool. 
Who shall thy gay buffoonery describe? 

Thine ever ready notes of ridicule. 

Pursue thy fellows still with jest and jibe. 
Wit, Sophist, songster, Yorick of thy tribe 



MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 107 

Thou sportive Satirist of Nature's school, 

To thee, the palm of scoffinoj we ascribe 
Arch Mocker, and mad Abbot of Misrule ! 

For such thou art by day ; but all night long 
Thou pourest a soft, sweet, pensive, solemn strain 

As if thou did'st in this thy moonlight song, 
Like to the melancholy Jacques, complain. 

Musing on Falsehood, Violence, and Wrong, 
And sighing for his motley coat again. 



One of his letters is as follows : 

"Washington, 31st January, 1842. 
"My Dear Friend: — 

"Engagments of one kind or another have pre- 
vented an early reply to your letter; those whom we 
know to be most indulgent to us being postponed to 
more importunate creditors. Beside, as long as it re- 
mained unanswered, I had always in anticipation the 
pleasure of writing to you, while that, once over, there 
IS nothing dniilar to promise myself, until — until yoii 
write to me again. 

"It is quite amusing to hear you prophesy a bril- 
liant career for me, but women's auguries are all drawn 
from the heart, and therefore, however illusive, always 
delightful. 

"It is what I have long ceased to hope for myself ; 
and yet it has quite as great a charm as any fib, merely 
because it is esteemed possible by you. But, then, the 
path of immortality you point out to me — a satyrist ! 



108 MES. KEBECCA SOMERVILLE. 

What in the name of charity induces you to think me 
capable of satire ? 

" 'If that I laugh at any human thing, 
'Tis that I may not weep.' 

"No, my dear friend; a little gentle persiflage— a 
jest that has no gall, and a laughter that passes not the 
lips, I plead guilty to ; but as to lashing this world and 
its follies, or its vices I would as soon think of turning 
parish beadle, for the pleasure of whipping the ragged, 
joyous little urchins, who play marbles amid the tomb* 
stones, instead of saying their catechism. 

"!N"o ! I assure you again, though I have spent my 
heart in loving, and my head on rhymes, with no other 
result than insolvency in both adventures ; there was 
orignally so much of the milk of human kindness 
in my disposition, and it kept sweet so long, thanks to 
my feminine, or, if you please, effeminate education that 
even now, when all the acids of this world have long 
conspired to sour it, they have merely turned it to a 
little sub-acidity, a curd and wheyish kind of consist- 
ence, which just escapes being insipid. 

"Whether you are right in thinking Letters my 
vocation, must be determined by less partial critics and 
I would be far better able to judge, if you would give 
me a flaming censure, of all my book's imperfections. 

"It is a matter two thirds of which — Love and 
Madness^are entirely within female jurisdiction ; and 
I have so little affection for my literary offspring, that 
the most part are scattered over the world, to be adopted 
by others ; and even the few, I acknowledge. King 
Solomon might cut up before my face, without finding 
out whether they were mine or not. 



MRS. EEBECCA SOMERVILLE. 10'9 

"Come then, tell me honestly, all my offenses 
against Tasso and Leonora — only my offenses — I am not 
fishing for a compliment, one fault, jnstly found, is 
better to an author or an artist than a thousand flat- 
teries. 

"Who knows but that the 'Life and Times of 
Dante' may profit by the gentle censure, or even the 
sprightly malice of her who so many years ago played 
off mischievously her whole artillery of witcheries, 
against the poor, awkward, juvenile bachelor author, 
who baffled the joke only with the simple armor of 
Truth. 

"I am not sure I should like to see that same 
Agnes. 

"The name was of evil augury to me in my boy- 
hood — the prototype, a dangerous Syren to me in my 
youth — my old age would therefore fain escape a copy 
so redoubtable. 

"If she is so like what her mother was at her age, 
I should not like to trust even my sons within reach of 
so dangerous a creature. 

"My good friend Kennedy, as your Representative, 
and for the sake, as he snys of putting in a letter of 
his own, is kind enough to place this under his 
frank. 

"I should otherwise hesitate to send, what is and 
ought to be, a dead letter, not worthy the postage. 

"If it only occupies, not unpleasantly, a few 
moments of your time, it will fulfill all its offices, but 
one, 'which is to assure you with what fidelity, 
"I am still, as always, 

"Your friend, 

"R. H. Wilde." 



110 MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLB. 

Mr. Wikle'ri letter is marked, "Free, J. P. Kennedy, 
M. C." 

The lettter of Mr. Kennedy is : 



"My Much Respected Mamma: 

"A hare-brained youth, who happens to be here 
just now from the South, has placed the accompanying 
pacquet in my hands to be transmitted to you, 

"His purpose was doubtless to get the benefit of 
my frank, which, according to a late order of the Post- 
Master-Geueral, requires me to write something inside, 
so as to make it truly my letter, and not a mere make 
believe. 

"And so, as I am obliged to write something to 
yon, for the sake of saving postage, I may make sure 
of your putting up with my dullness, which is to serve 
as conductor to the better material of that rantipole 
fellow who has enlisted me in his service. 

"What the enclosure is about, I am sure I cannot 
guess, but from a note which came with it to me, I take 
it to be a matter of considerable interest between 
you. 

"Don't get into a flurry at this intimation, but 
break the seal, and read quietly, and behave yourself 
with the gravity belonging to the venerable relation 

you hold to, 

"Yours Truly, 

"J. P. K." 

"P. S. — Are you yet at Bioomsbury ? Do you 
mean to meditate there the whole Winter ? 

"Second P. S. — Did you get a prosy letter from me 
a few days ago ? " 



MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. Ill 

Another letter from Mr. Wilde is : 

^'MrS. H, V. SOMERVILLE, 

"Baltimore, Md. 

^'Augusta, Georgia, 

"May 5, 1842. 
*'My Dear Friend: 

"lu the hurry of my departure from Washington, 
under the temptation of that cozening fiend, who, the 
Turks, say, comes from the devil ; I postponed answer- 
ing your last kind letter until my return home, where I 
expected to be quiet, and enjoy plenty of leisure. 

" 'Alas ! let not man flatter himself with such 
delusive hopes.' 

"The endless nothings of unprofitable business, 
uninteresting society, unavoidable duties and unendura- 
ble interruptions, have each come in turn asking but 
for a moment ; until in the end, I have had no moment 
left ; and now, with a table covered with books on all 
subjects, and papers on all topics, between Law and 
Poetry: briefs unfinished and letters unanswered and 
pamphlets uncut, I am, if possible, to collect my scat- 
tered senses enough at least to ask your pardon, and 
bid you good morrow and good bye. 

"Besides other and smaller disturbances to single 
gentlemen of respectable habits, my brother, with whom 
I am living, has had an increase to his family since my 
return : and my Sister Ann, (Mrs. Anthony,) has been 
to visit us with another niece born in my abscence. 

"How do you expect to be remembered in such a 
busy world? It took me a month at least, to answer 



113 MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 

111! my iiei^hborts' questions about the news of Washing- 
ton, of which they knew more than I did, as I never 
opened a newspaper while I was there. * * * 

In addition to tliis, T have had other and sadder 
occupation, from which it was not easy to divert my 
thoughts. Since I heard from you, death has been 
busy in the circle of my acquaintance. 

I have lost a niece in New York ; a highly prized 
and very dear friend, in the Bishop of Charleston :* 
and one of a family very dear to me in Philadelphia. 

"It is not by way of excuse or apology, that I tell 
you all this, but merely to give you a history of my life 
since March. The rest is all a blank except for hear- 
ing from my boys and getting a letter or tv/o from 
beyond the water. * * 

"Everything around me is in a state of stagnation. 
'And duller than the fat weed, 
That rots itself at ease on Lethe's wharf.' 

"The only thing like an event has been the celebra- 
tion of May day, a very pagan ceremony by some school 
girls, wherein one of them was crowned Queen, in con- 
tempt of common sense and the Eepublic. 

"With the Kindest Rpgavds of Kate and myself, 
"Believe me ever very Faithfully, 
"Your Friend, 

"R. H. Wilde." 

C. B. Tiernan gave the first of these letters to Mrs. 
James Craig, of Baltimore County. 

R. H. Wilde married Mrs. Buckle, who was the 
Grandmother of Mrs. Craig, by her first husband. 

*The distinguished Right Reverend John Eng- 
land, died April 11, 1842. 



MRS. REBECCA SOMERYILLE. 118 

Mrs. Wilde died in 1827, leaving, by Mr. Wilde, two 
sons, John AVilde and William Wilde, who have left 
descendants. 

The other letter he gave to Mrs. Florence Walker 
Caswell of Augusta, Georgia, a friend of some of Mr. 
Wilde's family. 

R. H. AVilde lived in Augusta, and he is buried 
there. 



Gen. George P. Morris writes to her as follows : 

"Savannah, May 7, 1857. 
"Dear Mrs. Somerville: 

"Many thanks for the beautiful flowers — we shall 
treasure them coming from you. 

"Mr. Holmes, in a letter received to-day, begs me 
to 'make his regards acceptable to his esteemed lady 
friend, Mrs. Somerville.' 

"I discharge a pleasing duty in sending his mes- 
sage. 

"With sentiments of esteem and in all sincerity, 
"Yours very truly, 

"Geo. p. Morris. 
"Mrs. R. Somerville." 



Mrs. Somerville was a large benefactress of the 
Catholic Church. 

She built the Church of "Saint Agnes" in Balti- 
more County, near the Convent of Mt. de Sales, in 1853. 



114 MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 

It was named after her daughter Agnes, and was for 
many years the only Catholic Church in that neighbor- 
hood. 

The first priest was Father Edward Catou, who was 
much respected and beloved by a large and scattered 
congregation. He died in 1862, and is buried in the 
lot in front of the church — his being the only grave. 



Her eldest daughter, Ann Rebecca, named after 
her Grandmother, Ann Owen, and her own Mother, was 
born January 18, 1820; married Charles A. Waters, 
February 4, 184G; died January 29, 1847, witbont sur- 
viving issue. 

Her husband, Charles Waters, was greatly attached 
to his wife, and had been in love with her for a number 
of years before they were married. 

He was a keen sportsman, a fine horseman, and an 
excellent shot. Their home was on the Frederick 
Road, about eight miles from Baltimore. 

One evening they gave a party to a number of 
their friends, and. the next day Mr. Waters started to 
drive his wife to Bloomsbury. There were a couple of 
baskets in the buggy, filled with silver and other things 
that they were returning, and they were also taking 
to Mrs. Somerville some of the delicacies of the night 
before. Mr. Waters was driving a very large young 
black stallion. By some accident, the bit broke, and 
the horse started at a great speed down the very long 
hill some distance above Catousville. Mr. Waters real- 
ized the danger, and putting his left arm around his 
wife, asked her to remain quiet. He then drew a pistol, 
which he always carried, and fired, the ball striking 



MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE, 115- 

the horse iu the brain, and the horse, after a convulsive 
struggle, fell dead in the road. 

Mrs. Witters was in a delicate condition at the 
time, and died shortly afterwards, and her child died 
with her. 

Charles Alexander Waters Avas the son of Dr. 
Horace Waters and Mrs. Alverda Robinson Waters. 
Their other children were : Elizabeth, who married 
first, Charles Howard, U. S. N., their son, James E. M. 
Howard, now represents Colonel J. E. Howard's family 
in the Society of the Cincinnatti. She married second. 
William George Read; and Rebecca, who married 
Charles Ridaelv White. 



Agnes, born June 17, 182G, married Wilmet; 
Shields, U. S. N., of Mississippi, September 10, 1845. 
and died at Laurel PHll, near Natchez, January 26, 1861. 
Her only surviving child, Agnes, born January 24, 
1861, also died there, February, 1864. 

WiLMER Shields married secondly, Miss Julia 
Devereux Ashton", a woman of a noble character, and 
at his decease left six children — Agnes, named after 
his first wife, who married George Marshall ; Julia 
Devereux, who married Pendleton Balfour ; Wilmer 
Shields; Devereux Shields, w^ho married Miss Julia 
Dunbar Jenldns ; and Ashton Shields, who promise to 
keep up the honor of their family. 

Devereux Shields was Lieutenant-Colonel of the 
6tli Mississippi Regiment, under the call of President 
McKinley. 

He was complimented upon tlie manner iu which 



116 MRS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE, 

he handled his troops in the Battle of Sail Mateo, in 
the Philippines, where General Lawton was killed. 

Her youngest son, Thomas Clifton Shields, was 
Lieutenant io the 1st Mississippi Regiment, and died in 
the service, October, 1898, much lamented. 

Mrs. Shield's uncle, Judge Devereux, married 
a sister of Archbishop Eyan of Philadelphia. 



Mrs. Somerville's other children were : 

William Tiernan Somerville, born December 
16, 1816, died at Wilmington, North Carolina, May 23, 
1857. He was a man of intelligence, and business 
capacity. He endeavored to settle and build up that 
part of the old Frederick Eoad, north of Mt. de Sales ; 
and, with Dr. W. C. Van Bibber, the land west of Mt. 
Olivet Cemetery. He met with considerable success in 
his undertakings. 

Henry Vernon Somerville, born February 26, 
1824, died December 11, 1860. He went to St Joseph, 
Missouri, and engaged in cattle raising. During the 
Kansas and Nebraska troubles, which were at their 
height at this time, he became a Colonel iu the troops 
that were raised in Missouri. 

William Clarke Somerville, born March 13, 
1827, died Xovember 10, 1848. He went to Mt. St. 
Mary's College, and C. B. Tiernan has a number of his 
letters to his his Mother, which indicates a good dispo- 
sition and ability. 

Charles Tiernan Somerville, born November 8, 
1829, died July 23, 1848, 

Elizabeth, born March 4, 1831, died April 16, 
1846. She was thought a very attractive girl. 



MKS. REBECCA SOMERVILLE. 117 

Mary Louisa, born 1832, died 1833. 

Robert Coleman Brien Somerville, born No- 
vember 6, 183S, died September 4, 1854. 

C. B. Tiernau has a small picture of Robert Somer- 
ville, which represents a very handsome young man of 
about twenty. 

Joseph Fowler Somerville, born June 18, 1835, 
died at St. Joseph, Missouri, November 8, 1859. He 
was out there with his brother Vernon. 

All died unmarried. 



lis HEKRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

Henky Veknon Somerville was born in St. 
Mary's County, Maryland, March 12, 1792, was married 
in Baltimore by the Rev. Father Fenwick, to Rebecca 
Tiernan, Dt'cember 26, 1815, died August 26, 1837. 

Mr. Somerville was a very elegant gentleman, and 
his home, "Bloomsbury," about five miles from Balti- 
more, near Catonsville, which he named after his family 
place in St. Mary's County, and which contained about 
a thousand acres, was the seat of a gen< rous and refined 
hospitality. 

He was very highly educated, and took great inter- 
est in political matters, as a Whig. 

He wrote an admirable address to the voters of 
Baltimore County in favor of John Quincy Adams for 
President, for whom he was appointed a Presidential 
Elector in July, 1824. 



On August 24, 1824, he issued a second address 
"To The Voters of Baltimore County," in which he 
says : 
"My Feiends And Fellow Citizens: 

"I had the honor to address you in July last, upon 
the subject of the approaching Presidential Election, 
and I hope that you have bestowed upon my statements, 
a cool and unprejudiced consideration. 

"I assure you, my friends, it was not my design 
to tax your indulgence further, by a second written 
appeal upon this question, and I regret exceedingly, that 
my honorable friend, the Elector for General Jackson, 
should compel me to deviate from this intention ; by 
preferring a charge against Mr. Adams, through the 
authority of a printed hand-bill, which, if true, would 
be highly injurious to Mr. Adams' reputation. 



HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 110 

<'The Electoral Candidate for C4eneral Jackson, has 
declared to his countrymen, with exulting confidence, 
that Mr. John Quincy Adams, when Minister to Ber- 
lin, ions recalled hij Mr. Jefferson inimediaicli/ on his 
mtering upon the duties of the Presidcnry; and with the 
pride of conscious correctness, proceeds to draw, in his 
own words, the following conclusion. ^'This is a stronq 
proof of Mr. Adams being unworthy of Mr. Jefferson's 
mnfidence, and of that of the nation.'' 

•'When this charge first appeared against Mr, 
Adams, I was prepared to show by the most conclusive 
testimony from the records of th^ country, that it was 
not to he found in the history of the American Govern- 
ment, or any where else I believe, except in the Elector's 
own fancy, ***** 

This fanciful recall of Mr. Adams from Berlin by 
President Jefferson, the elector for General Jackson, 
has been pleased to call ''a fact incontrovertible;" but 
the intelligent citizens of Bnltimore County will per- 
ceive from the subjoined conespondence, how little 
reliance is to be placed on positive declaration when 
unaccompanied by proof; and how very scantily the 
Elector for General Jackson must be supplied with 
authentic information on the subject of our foreign 
missions. 

"During the wise and difficult administration 
of our illustrious patriot and statesman, Mr. Jefferson, 
Mr. Adams was in habits of confidential intimaoy with 
him, and it is well known that he was one of the 
firmest Congressional champions in support of his 
administration and general poli3y of government. 

"I therefore maintain the truth of my statement in 
saying, that he enjoyed the confidence of Mr. Jefferson, 



130 HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

who even now while studiously endeavoring to avoid any 
interference in the present contest, cannot withhold an 
expression of his admiration of the talents and abilities 
of Mr. Adams." 



"MoNTicELLO, August 14th, 1824. 

"It is impossible, Sir, you could have appealed to a 
worse chronicle than my memory for an answer to the 
enquiries of your letter of the 5th instant. It is almost 
a blank. Yet I will endeavor to give you the best of its 
efforts. Mr. John Quincy Adams went Minister to 
Berlin, which Court he left again before I had entered 
on the administration of the government ; and return- 
ing, as well as I remember, by the way of England, he 
arrived at home in the course of my first year, MOST 
ASSUREDLY NOT UNDER ANY RECALL FROM 
ME. He came afterwards into the Senate, and con- 
tinued there a part of the time of my being in office, 
and afterwards was called to the chair in the University 
of Harvard, which he filled with so much reputation 
to himself and advantage to that Institution, until after 
I htid retired from the Administration. These, Sir, are 
the best of my recollections. If I err in any of them 
it is not intentionally ; and I have the comfort of 
knowing that you can correct them by an appeal to the 
public records, of which I have retained no copy, I 
am sure, however, that I do not err in saying, That he 
never was recalled from any foreign mission hy me. 

"Be pleased to accept assurances of my great 
respect and consideration." 

"Th. Jefferson." 
"To Henry V. Somerville, Esquire." 



HENRY V. SOMERYILLE. I2l 

Mr. Adams writes : 

" Washington, 23 August, 1824. 
"Dear Sir: 

"In answer to your letter of the 17th instant, 1 have 
the honor of informing you, that I left Berlin at the 
close of my mission to Prussia, on the 17th of June, 
1801, and landed at Philadelphia on the 4th of Sejitem- 
ber of the same year. 

"These dates, as you will immediately perceive, do 
hy no means furnish the evidence which you anticipate 
from them of the impossibility that I should have been 
recalled from that mission by Mr. Jefferson. It is, 
nevertheless, true, that I was not recalled by him, but 
by my father ; of which the evidence that I now enclose 
will doubtless be sufficiently conclusive to your satis- 
faction. 

"I know not, to what purpose the fact of my recall, 
from that mission can be important ; or the question by 
whom it was effected. 

"As President of the United States, Mr. Jefferson 
Avas known to me 'nee beneficio, nee injuria.' 

"Nearly two years since, I expressed in a publica- 
tion, of which I now send you a copy, the belief that he 
would not approve the use of his name to injure my 
character ; and the hope that it would never be used by 
my friends, without his authority, to procure me favor. 

"I am, with great Respect, Sir, 

"Your very obedient servant, 

"John Quincy Adams." 



Mr. Somerville was an ardent supporter of Henry 
Clay in his candidacy for the Presidency in 1832. The 
following letter will explain itself: 



122 HENRY Y. SOMERYILLE. 

"Ashland, 27 November, 1830. 
"Dear Sir : 

"I recived your favor of the 25th ult., communi- 
ciiting the intention of those who are opposed to the « 
present administration, to hold a State convention in 
Maryhmd, to give some expression of o})inion in relation 
to the next Presidency, and requesting a minute of the 
incidents of my life, with the view of being used in the 
})reparation of some paper emanating from that Con- 
vention. 

"I feel greatly indebted for the friendly motive 
which suggested this application. 

"In a volume of speeches made by me, which was 
published a few years ago, and which is to be found at 
the book-stores of Washington, and I presume Balti- 
more, there is a short biographical sketch, which I 
imagine will furnish most of the information desired. 

"My public service has been in Kentucky as a 
Member of the House of Eepresentatives and as its 
Speaker. 

"And in the Government of the United States, as 
a Member of the Senate, a Member and Speaker of the 
House of Eepresentatives, a Commissioner at Ghent and 
London, and Secretary of State. 

"The most prominent occasions in which I bore a 
part were: the War and subsequent Peace, the tariff 
and internal improvements, South American, and 
Grecian Independence, the settlement of the Missouri 
(juestion, and the events of the late Administration. 

"I was born in Hanover County, Virginia, on the 
12th of April, 1777. 

"Mr. Prentice has been engaged, and I understand, 
has completed a biographical volume of me, which will 



HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 123 

probably be out by the time this letter reaches you. 
The work was undertaken with some repugnance on 
my part; and I feel no responsibility on account of 
the manner of its execution ; but the facts which it 
embodies may be relied on as generally accurate. 

"I concur entirely in the sentiment that any paper 
which the Convention may put forth, should be directed 
rather to the enforcement and illnstratiou of great prin- 
ciples than to the display of the qualities, services or per- 
sonal claims of any individuah The aim of the Patriot 
should be to inculcate and substitute a love of Country, 
of liberty, and of great and enduring principles, in 
place of devotion to any individual. 

"The proposed Convention in Kentucky will take 
effect on the 18th of next month. It will contain dele- 
gates, probably, from every county in the State, and will 
exhibit a body of our most reputable and influential 
citizens. I presume, besides a nomination, it will adopt 
some plan of future concert within the States, which is 
nnich wanted. In any event, I think much good is to 
be anticipated from it. 

"With great respect, 

"I am, your obedient servant, 
"H. Clay. 
"H. V. Somerville, Esq." 

Mr. Somerville wrote the address to the people of 
Maryland, in favor of Mr. Clay. 



Judge McLean, of the Supreme Court of the United 
States, writes him a letter which is marked '^ Confiden- 
tial,^^ but as the information which it contains, has 



134 HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

long since been made pablic, there can be no breach of 
confidence, in inserting it here: 



"Washington, 6th February, 1832. 
"My Dear Sir: 

"After thanking you for your very kind and 
friendly letter, I avail myself of the permission you 
give, to suggest that the lines underscored in your ad- 
dress, beginning at, "So far as regards, &c.," to the 
close of the sentence, would be calculated to bring me 
into collision with t'le administration, which would be 
productive of no good to the country, and some embar- 
rassment to me. 

"My conversations on the subject of patronage, 
have been uniformly of the same character as those we 
had last summer, both to the friends and opponents of 
the administration, and I find that my views are appro- 
bated, privately, by the most influential and intelligent 
friends of Gen. Jackson everywhere, but they are pre- 
vented from advocating them openly, by party consid- 
erations. 

"I was appointed Post Master General, the 1st of 
July, 1823, and left the Department in March, 1829. 
General Jackson did not intimate a wish that I should 
leave the Department, but seeing that my course of 
policy would not meet the views of the other members 
of the Administration, I was convinced that its harmony 
would be disturbed by my continuing in office at 
Washington, and I intimated to a friend a willingness 
to retire, or to fill the station I now occupy. 

"It is due to General Jackson to say that in my 
conversations with him, he agreed with me as to the use 
of patronage, and he expressed the most unqualified 



HENRY V. SOMEKVILLE. 125 

approbation of my past course ; but I saw that he was 
surrounded by men, who would take advantage of cir- 
cumstances to compel him to pursue a policy in regard 
to appointments, which would require me to relinquii h 
my position. I was convinced that I could not sustain 
myself against so strong a combination, as would be 
formed, urged on by applicants for office, under false 
charges got up against incumbents. To recede, on my 
part, was out of the question, and I must have fallen, 
had I not retired, or taken the office I now hold. 

"The Bench was only preferred, because I had 
duties to perform of a private relation, with which I 
could not dispense. 

"I remain of the same opinion that I expressed to 
you last summer, as to the result of the present contest. 

"The opposition of Mr. Clay so far from endanger- 
ing the re-election of Gen. Jackson, has been necessary 
to secure it. I do not know respectable men in the 
West, who supported Gen. Jackson in the late election, 
who will not again vote for him against Mr. Clay. 
Unless a change take place, the whole West will vote 
for Jackson. 

"In the scramble for the Presidency, there is 
ground to fear that the Bank may be lost ; and also 
the protective system. The government is endangered 
by the excited conduct of political partisans. 
"Very truly yours, 

"John McLean. 
"H. V. SoMERViLLE, Esquire." 



His library was a remarkably fine one of about two 
thousand volumes. 



12fx HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

Chief Justice Chase was, for a short time, a tutor- 
in his family, and then studied law under the Hon. 
William Wirt. 

Judge Chase told C. B. Tiernan^ that he had fre- 
quently been at Luke Tiernan's house, before C. B. 
Tiernan was born. 



George Tyler Bigelow, afterwards Chief Justice 
of Massachussetts, passed a year in his family in 1830- 
1831, as a tutor to his children. 

In Volume V. of the Proceedings of the Massa- 
chussetts Historical Society, there is a frontis-i^iece 
portrait of the Hon. George Tyler Bigelow, and a 
Memoir of him by George B. Chase, which was read at 
the meeting of the Society, on April 10, 1890. 

C. B. Tiernan wrote to Mrs. Anna J. Bigelow^ 
widow of Hon. G. T. Bigelow, living at Quincy, Mass., 
and asked her if she would kindly allow the picture of 
Judge Bigelow to be placed in this Book. 

She gave her conseiit, in the kindest manner, and 
sent him the picture, from which the one here is taken. 

She says: 

"Mr. Bigelovv's stay in Mr. Somerville's family, 
was one of the most cherished memories of his life. He 
often told me that he found under that roof, all that 
this world could have to make life pleasant. And his 
regard for the members of that family did not weaken 
with his increasing years. It was but a very short time 
before his death, that he repeated to me the oft-told 
story, and was so happy in recalling it." 





;3.(Bm 




HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. " 12i> 

Again : 

"I can only repeat, what I said before, that I am 
more than gratified that Mr. Bigelow's name should be 
associated with that of your family, and I know that 
his sentiments would have been the same. 
"Very Sincerely youis, 

"AnXA J. BiGELOW." 



The following is taken from pages 459 to 470— 
of the proceedings of the Historical Society— some of 
the letters having been furnished for this sketch by 
C. B. Tienian. 



"George Tyler Bigelow, Seventh Chief Justice 
of Massachussetts, born October 6, 1810, died April 12, 
1878. He graduated at Harvard, in 1829, twentieth, in 
a class of fifty-eight. 

"Though destined for the law, he was deemed too 
young to begin the study of it. His father, therefore, 
determined to send him to the South for an absence of 
two years, there to find some situation as a teacher of 
the classics, and summed up his views of the advantages 
to be gained by his son, in a letter to him in these 

words : 

1. "To induce a more thorough and critical ex- 
amination of the classics, and other college studies, by 
spending some time in the business of instruction. 
This will be best effected in the highest schools. The 
more your pupils know, the better for you. 

2. "To introduce you into good society, and thus 
give you a practical knowledge of men and things. 
You should, therefore, avail yourself of every opportun- 



330 HENKY V. SOMERVILLE. 

ity to multiply tuul enlarge your acquaintances with 
business men, with literary, professional, and all the 
best classes of society. 

'6. "To acquire somem^ans to enable you to go on 
and complete your study in some profession, at least to 
come in aid of those which I shall be able further to 
afford you. 

4. "These objects rank in importance in the order 
in which they stand, the whole, however, to be made 
subservient to the one chief and primary object of your 
life — personal discipline — the full development and 
high cultivation of your intellectual and moral powers, 
the improvement and salvation of your soul, that you 
may become a man, a gentleman, and a Christian, 
and make yourself useful and felt as such in the 
world." 



It is a satisfaction to know that the father, who 
thus sent his son five hundred miles from home, at the 
age of eighteen, to find his own way in life, lived to see 
his son, developing from that hour, become, thirty 
years later, Chief Justice of Massachusetts. 



In November, 1829, young Bigelow was installed 
as principal of the academy at Brookville, Maryland. 

The following are extracts from his letters to his 
family, at Watertown, Mass.: 

'•1 have charge of a school of twenty pupils, and a 
fair prospect that I may earn $400.00 per annum. 
I board with Dr. Howard, decidedly ihe king of the 
place, both as to education and property. He is very 



HENKY V. SOMERVILLE. 131 

kind to me. His house is kept by a Mrs. Pleasants, his 
wife's mother — a name you will recognize as one of 
some importance in their native State, Virginia. She 
was a Tucker— and one of the most kind and motherly 
old ladies I ever met with. But, then, I do not like 
the academy. I cannot improve myself while instruct- 
ing a school so backward; and lastly, the compensation 
is far too small for the labor required." 



"His attempts to find a situation which would 
give him sufficient leisure for his own pursuits were re- 
warded, in the spring of 1830, by the offer and accept- 
ance of the position of tutor to the children of Henry 
Vernon Somerville, a gentlemali honorably prominent 
in public and private life, then living at his seat, 
Bloomsbury, about five miles from Baltimore. 

"Without the vexation and trouble of a petty 
school," he writes to his parents, "I shall have . . . 
much leisure for my private pursuits, and more than 
all, an opportunity of enjoying the society and advan- 
tages of a la"ge city." 

Passages from Mr. Bigelow's letters throw a 
pleasant glimpse upo-n his life at Bloomsbury : 

"A month's residence in Mr. Somerville's family 
has convinced me that 1 have much reason to congratu- 
late myself on my good fortune. There is so much 
here to contribute to my improvement, as well as com- 
fort and happiness, that I am persuaded no equally 
advantageous situation, all things considered, could have 
fallen to my lot. I have the charge of five children, to 
whom I devote about five hours ^;er diem. Two of them 



132 HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

are ptiulying the languages ; Tiernan, the eldest, who is 
about fifteen years of age, was withdrawn from St. 
Mary's College to be placed under my care. He is 
considerably advanced in French and Latin, and conse- 
quently it is rather a pleasure to instruct him. ... I 
have the command of a library of two thousand volumes, 
collected in Europe, forming one of the most valuable 
sources of information ; and I am confident that the 
society and conversation of Mr. Somerville will be of 
much use to me. 

"I find him ready and willing to communicate 
with me on all subjects. . . . The society which I 
meet here is all the Miit ton of Baltimore, among 
whom I felt sufficiently awkward until the Brookville 
rust was worn of¥. Literary and fashionable people, — 
beaux, belles, literati, — all meet here. . . . 

"I am following your advice, and have commenced 
Blackstone. I find it easy to comprehend on account of 
the perspicacity with which is written, and amusing and 
interesting on account of the subject on which it treats. 
Whether I inherited it from you, or, as Natty Bumpo 
would express it, 'whether it is the nature of the beast,' 
or the result of education, I know not; I always had an 
irresistable inclination to become a lawyer. I remember 
that in the earliest day-dreams of childhood, I used to 
look forward to the time when I could sport the 'green 
bag,' and look wise, give advice, and plead causes as tlie 
summit of my wishes. I cannot but think it is a glori- 
ous profession." 



In his last letter from Maryland to his mother, 
Mr. Bigelow wrote : 



HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 133 

"I })erceive by Uie tone of my father's letter that 
he cherishes great aiiticiiiations of witnessing on my 
return a vast increase in my mental attainments. I 
hope that he will be more moderate in his expectations. 
He should remember that my college life was squan- 
dered in idleness and folly ; that when I left Massachu- 
setts for the South I was a mere boy without any 
knowledge of books or men ; and that, consequently, I 
have .had much to learn and everything good to gain. 
When I look back and recall the feelings and opinions 
with which I left yon, I can with difficulty realize now 
that I ever cherished them." 



Eleven months were passed by, Mr. Bigelow at 
Bloomsbury, and with both host and hostess he soon 
became a great favorite. Very pleasing in manners and 
appearance, he had the peculiar good fortune for a lad 
of nineteen to see much of a society which, in those 
days less formal and restrained than that of New Eng- 
land, was not more conspicuous for hospitality than for 
beauty and gracious manners, the charm of which had 
already won for the women of Baltimore a reputation 
that had crossed the then difficult ocean. In parting 
from the Somervilles he received the kindest assurances 
of their personal interest in his future career. And 
now, more than fifty years since Mr. Bigelow left that 
happy household, never to see any member of it again, 
Mrs. Somerville's surviving brother, Charles Tiernan, 
sends to the author the pleasant message, that he "well 
remembers Mr. Bigelow as a handsome young man ; 
that the family were exceedingly fond of him, and 



134 HENRY V. SOMEEVILLE. 

greatly regrerted his departure, always holding him in 
the kindest remembrance and speaking of him with 
the highest regard.'"^ 



On his return to Watertown, his family were 
delighted with the improvement Avhich eighteen months 
of change had wrought in him. 

"He left home," wrote his sister, "a boy with the 
ways of a boy, and returned to it a man, I have never, 
I think, seen," she continued, "a young man so much 
improved by foreign study and travel as my brother 
George seemed to be by his residence in Maryland." 

He was soon hard at work in his father's office, 
satisfying that parent by his industry ; his days were 
spent over law books, his evenings given to miscellan- 
eous reading. It had been his practice at Bloomsbury 
to copy passages from authors he thought perfect in 
form and expression ; and this habit he now resumed, 
helping to form for himself that excellent style in compo- 
sition which afterwards characterized his legal opinions. 
He accompanied his father to, and from the terms of 
the county courts, and sat by his side as he fought his 
cases with a vehemence which is yet remembered at the 
Middlesex Bar. In close communion with that veteran 
lawyer, the young student perfected himself in the 
fundamental principles of law. 

*Mr. Chase writes to C. B. Tiernan : "Few things 
in my preparations of the Memoir of Chief Justice Bige- 
low, gave me more pleasure, than this message, which 
your Father sent me ; fifty years after my Uncle had 
left Maryland." 



HENRY V. SOMERYILLE. l3o 

Two years were thus spent with no holiday but the 
"New England Sabbath, and with few hours of leisure 
save the short evenings of a quiet country household. 



Soon after he came of age he began an interesting 
correspondence with Mr. Somerville, His first letter to 
Maryland shows how rapid was his developement :— 

"W^TERTOWN, Mass., Jan. 28, 1832 
''My Dear Sir:— 

"I should have written to you shortly after my 
return to New England, accordirg to the promise I 
made you when we parted, had I not been i^re vented by 
the number and variety of the avocations and duties 
imposed upon me by the study of my profession. To 
be candid with you I felt not a little diffidence at the 
thought of commencing a correspondence with you, 
because I well know the advantages and pleasure of an 
epistolary intercourse would be wholly in my favor, and 
that I should in some measure be subjecting you to an 
irksome and profitless task. 

"I cannot forbear to avail myself of the opportunity 
to express to you the gratification with which I look 
back upon the year I passed in your family. Your own 
good humor and good taste gave zest and enjoyment to 
your improving society; your extensive library afforded 
delight and instruction to my desultory mind, and the 
amiability and intelligence of your children lightened 
the burdens and enlivened the dullness of ordinary 
tuition. The relation in which I stood to your family 
would necessarily render the situation, in some respects, 
unpleasant and galling to any one who entertained a 
due and proper pride of character, for it can be said of 



136 HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

private tutors, as Sliylock said of his persecuted nation, 
that 'sufferance is the badge of all our tribe;' but I 
owe it to the kindness and friendship you manifested 
towards rae to say that my situation was as little so as 
the circumstances of the case would permit. 

"I had the pleasure of observing your name among 
the members of the National Eepublican convention, 
who have placed Mr. Clay before the people, in an 
authoritative and direct manner, as a candidate for the 
Presidency. 

"The address, so unanimously adopted, seems to 
me to be intended rather for the enlightened and high- 
minded than for the prejudiced and uninformed part of 
our community. It is in too lofty a tone, too much in 
the spirit of a cold and calculating moralist, to be fully 
understood, comprehended, and felt by the great mass 
of the people. It is an old maxim with us that 'an 
ounce of fact is wojth a pound of preaching ; ' and it 
would have been better, on this principle, to have dealt 
out one or two sturdy and undeniable realities, than to 
have published such a long and prosing homily under 
the sanction of the convention. The contest, however, 
I fear, is a desperate one, and the only encouragement 
to further resistance is the satisfaction of finally dying 
with a better grace. ..." 

Mr. Somerville's reply was the first of a number of 
letters to Mr. Bigelow, extracts from several of which 
are here given : 

"My Dear 8ir: — 

"I received your letter in due season, and am quite 
gratified that you have not forgotten us. It was only 



HENRY V. SOMERYILLE. 13t 

the evening before the arrival of your letter that we 
were speaking of you, and my whole family expressed 
surprise that you had not written. Had I known your 
post-office, I shoul I have given you some intimation 
that we had not yet crossed the Stygian Lake, and that, 
in memory of you, we still have pork and beans. 

"The truth is, you ought to ha.e written sooner, it 
was your duty to have done so ; for you left a character 
with us that would do houoi to any man, and, besides, 
you ought to have known that I felt some interest in 
your future career. I write in candor and not in com- 
pliment. Yon have youth, talents, and ambition ; and 
if you exert all the attributes which God and nature 
have given you, you have it in your power to be distin- 
guished. Nevertheless, in your course through life 
there are some evils which the vessel of your adventure 
must endeavor to avoid. The first of these impediments 
is the rock of extra modesty, which is not very remote 
from that of mauvaise honte ; if your hopes are ship- 
wrecked upon either, it will be doing injustice to your 
skill as a pilot. . . . 

"The next obstruction which opposes itself to your 
prospect of distinction is your undaunted admiration of- 
female beauty. This is a kind of ignis fatuus in which 
there is no positive danger in itself; but a student of 
law who wishes to become eminent in his profession 
should admit Vvith great caution the distracting influ- 
ence of that dear little diviuity called woman. 

"The transition is not very natural from love to 
politics, but it is of easy gradation from women to 
addresses, of which I shall speak presently. I remem- 
ber in one of our political talks you remarked to me 
hat your opinion of General Jackson was by no means 



138 HEXRY V. SOMEKVILLE. 

SO unfavorable as miue. I think enough, and more 
than enough, has transpired since you left us to prove 
that my estimate of the hero's mind and character 
scarcely did justice to the ignorance of the one or the 
degradation of the other. 

"John Randolph said in his speech at Eichmond, 
which, perhaps, you have read, that he did not know 
whether the dissolution of the Cabinet was owing to 

Van Buren's head or to Margaret Eaton's ; but at 

any rate he was glad of it. 

"1 have been much engaged of late in preparing an 
address to the people of Maryland, in obedience to a 
resolution of the National Convention. ... I 
have, in every part of this appeal, endeavored to make 
facts the basis of the whole superstructure, simply 
throwing in here and there a little spice in the way of 
illustration. Your comment on the address of the con- 
vention is perfectly correct. It is a political 30th of 
January sermon. . . . 

"Believe me, I greatlj miss your society and our fre- 
quent chit-chats, and that you are respectfully remem- 
bered through my whole family." 



"May 23. 

"The Central Committee of Baltimore has ordered 
five thousand copies of my address, but whether it 
will produce much good effect in our State is a doubt- 
ful matter. 

"We still enjoy good health and spirits, and at 
this very delightful season you will be pleased to see 
how much Bloomsbury has improved. My orchards 
have grown beyond my hopes ; and the cutting of trees, 



HENRY V. SOMBRVILLE. 139 

and particularly the antiquated chestnuts in the field 
below, have opened to the view from my front door a 
prospect of nearly three thousand fruit trees. The 
bloom is magnificent, and exhibits ever variety of hue. 
"Your successor continued with me until a few days 
since, and has now removed to Florida. He was ami- 
able, but no companion for me; how much of a long 
winter's evening, I missed our agreeable and instructive 
conversations ! Believe me, I shall ever remember with 
feelings of stratification, your very kind and gentleman, 
like deportment while a member of my household. . . 
Let me know what you think of the address." 

"October 9, 1832. 

"I have written you twice, and Tierna'i once, since 
we received your first letter. How happens it that you 
have never since written ? Have you forgotten us, have 
our letters never reached you ; or is your time absorbed 
in law, politics, and love ? As you will have learned 
before this reaches you, our party was beaten in Balti- 
more by nearly five thousand votes. The Irish popula- 
tion controlled the vote. Mr. Luke Tiernan was a can- 
didate for the House of Assembly; and, while both 
friends and foes admitted the purity of his politics and 
the excellence of his character, and while all acknowl- 
edged that as President of the Hibernian Society, his 
time and his purse had ever been freely given in kind- 
ness to his emigrating countrymen, for nearly forty 
years, yet, still he was deserted by those whom he had 
most befriended, for the sake of striplings in politics of 
whom the people knew nothing save and except that 
they electioneered under the Jackson banner. 

"This was not all ; the morning after the contest. 



140 HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

the pirtisaDS of the hero shrouded the door of Mr. 
Tiernan's counting-house with bh^ek crepe and low 
verses in ridicule of his defeat. Such is Jacksonism in 
Baltimore ! . . . 

"Miss Fanny Kemble is playing wonders in New 
York, and the Nullifiers the devil in South Carolina. 
There is one comfort, at any rate, — these Southern mad- 
caps cannot nullify the graces of pretty womm. For 
myself, unsought, unse^^n, I had rather be under 
the government of Miss Fanny and legislate in her 
own little capltol all the days of my life, than be 
subject to a Southern confederacy, headed by Calhoun 
or McUuffie, with the seat of government no man 
knows where, and the sort of government God only 
knows what. 

"We walked through the peach orchard to-day 
which you helped to plant. You would be surprised at 
its wonderful growth. I could not refrain from laugh- 
ing at the recollection of the planting scene ; 'twas 
pretty much like running from post to pillar, — you, 
with your lank roundabout, something like Peter Slim- 
mel with his seven-league boots, and then my long, 
graceless flannel gown, the breeze of Boreas throwing it 
sky-high like John Randolph's similes. * * * " 



"On June, 1835, Mr. Bigelow cpened an office at 
No. 10 Court Street, Boston, and in order to become 
known, at the suggestion of Hon. Abbott Lawrence, 
whose wife, Katharine Bigslow, was his cousin, he took 
lodgings at the Bromfield House, then a favorite old 
coaching house. 



'The nomination of General Harrison, for Presi- 



HENRY V. SO.MERVILLE. 141 

dent, by th*-, Whigs of Maryland, iuiliiced the following 
letter :, 

"HeKTRY V. SOMBRVILLB, EsQ., 

"Baltimore, Mb., 

"Boston, January 33, 1836. 
"My Deae Siii: 

"I could hardly believe my own eyes, when I saw 
your name appended to the official account of the pro- 
ceedings of the late Whig Convention in your State, 
which nominated William Henry Harrison as a candi- 
date for the Presidency. I have supposed that i/uu, at 
least, 'faithful among the faithless found,' would stand 
firm in the support of the only man (Daniel Webster) 
now before the People, fully worthy of the highest 
honors of the Constitution, and I cannot now reconcile 
the sanction, which you have given, to the nomination 
of your Convention, with what I have previously known 
of your political principles ; but, by supposing that you 
must have yielded your own prediictions and opinions, 
to the will of a majority. 

"So, then, we are to have William Henry Harrison 
for the next President!* and why? Because he gained 

*William Henry Harrison was defeated at this 
Election. 

Martin Van Buren received 170 electoral votes. 
William Henry Harrison, 73 votes. 

Daniel Webster received the 14 votes of Massa- 
chussetts. 

For the Presidential term from 1841 to 1845, Wil- 
liam Henry Harrison and John Tyler, received 234 votes. 

Martin Van Buren, $0 votes. 



142 HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

a doubtful glory, in a tomahawk fight at Tippecanoe ! 
and is military fame, supposing it to be as well earned 
as Napoleon's, to constitue a claim to the suffrages of a 
free people, for the highest civic office in their gift ? 
Ought it not rather to be an obstacle in the way of any 
man who aspires to j)olitical preferment? For my own 
part, I will always throw my vote against any one, no 
matter what his political principles might be, who 
claims office as a reward of military achievements ; 
because I will not aid in perpetuating in our young 
republic this 'noxious race of heroes,' nor intrust the 
liberties of our country in a hand accustomed only to 
wield the sword. 

"We have had enough of Chieftains, and military 
despotism during the past seven years, without adding 
another baneful precedent for posterity to follow ; nor 
could I reconcile it, with my opposition to Jackson in 
the outset, to support any m:in who asks for office with 
precisely similar claims. I put it to you, as an avowed 
suppo]'ter of Harrison's pretentions, if he would ever 
have been thought of as a candidate for the Presidency, 
had it not been for the reputation he has as a successful 
Captain ? And I ask of you, too, as a candid man, 
if the party with which you have been identified, 
did not, as far back as 1823, make it a serious objection 
to Jackson's nomination, that his military talents and 
fame were dangerous and alarming qualifications for 
the Chief Magistrate of our republic to possess. 

"The case is a plain one, and I read in it sad 
omens for my country. It is not asked, who is the best 
qualified for the office! It is not required that long 
public services, eminent talents, unsullied integrity and 
high political principles should be combined in one 



HEl^TRY V. SOMERVILLE. 143 

individual— nay, all these are trifling, valueless and to 
be disregarded, but the great question is, who is the 
most availaUe candidate to be found to run into office, 
by dazzling the eyes of the people \\ith the false glare of 
military glory. And thus it comes to pass, that the 
Clerk of a County Court in Ohio, a man of defective 
education, limited capacity, and slight experience in 
politics, is preferred to a long-tried public servant, the 
ablest defender of the Constitution, the eminent states- 
man and jurist, whom friends and foe alike honor: 
because the former has the title of a General, and is 
supposed to have assisted in killing some few Indians on 
our Western frontier. I tremble at the consequences of 
this new doctrine of available candidates ; it substitutes 
false and nncertain standards of judging of men ; 
instead of the sure and safe criterion of merit, it is 
making a compromise between expediency and right ; it 
is sacrificing principle for the sake of succc ss. 

"I can never consent to palter with my sense of 
duty, nor give np one inch of ground, in order to secure 
the mere name of success, and I believe there is no 
surer method of ruining your own cause, than to 
attempt to constitute, in the place of jirinciple, false 
standards of acting and judging. 

"One thing is certain, that, in the coming contest, 
unless Webster should decline, Massaohussetts will 
give her electoral vote to him, and, although in so doing, 
she may be alone in her glory, still she will have been 
true to her principles, and to her candidate, and have 
given a vote, of which she may ever be j^roud. 

"We offer to the nation, a candidate whose high 
claims are not denied; and it now only remains for us 
to stand by our illustrious Senator to the last. 



144 HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

"I have been so negligent n cori'espondeut in time 
past, that I fear you will think I have almost forgotten 
you, but it is not so. 

"If yon knew how much pleasure I take in recall- 
ing the incidents of the year I passed at Bloomsbury ; 
how strongly my character and feelings were influenced 
in that important period of my life by your counsels 
and opinions, and by the rich stores I gathered from 
your Library, you could ask no profession or" remem- 
brance, or special punctuality in correspondence. I 
occassionally hear of you and yours, by means of a stray 
Baltimorean, who finds his way into this Northern 
region. 

"I am glad that you still retain your youthfuluess 
and gaiety, notwithstanding that the honors of paternity 
liave come so thick and fast upon you. 

"This life is surely too short to be passed in gloom 
or discontent. The philosophy of Epicurus and Chris- 
tianity alike, teach us to improve the passing hour. 
Pale death will come soon enough, -liquenda tellus et 
domus et placens uxor,' without needless anticipations 
of evil on our part; and it is our duty, as well as our 
happiness, to enjoy the blessings wh'ch are given to us. 

"Your children, those I mean who were my pupils, 
must have changed much since I saw them. 

"Tiernan, I suppose, is a young man of eighteen, 
just starting in life. I feel much interested in his wel- 
fare and happiness. 

"Miss Ann Eebecca, too, must ere this, have blushed 
into blooming womanhood, and if her maturity has 
realized the promise of her childhood, she will doubtless 
make a fascinating woman. I hope they both cherish 
for me as kind a remembrance, as can ever be felt 



HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 145 

towards a task master. James, Henry, and Agnes, are, 
I pre«ume, still struggling np the hill of knowledge; 
ask them if they remember that portionof the way 
which they travelled over in my company. 

"I sometimes wish I could see, once more, the 
group that used to be collected in the little school room, 
around the green table. I often, in imagination, recall 
it. I hope they do not regard me, in the light of a 
grim Pluto set over them, to compel them to study; or 
if they do the time will come when they will deeply 
appreciate the restraints which were imposed upon them. 

•'There is much truth in the old adage of 'Kissing 
the rod.' 

"I am still in this city of Puritans, in the practice 
of my profession — the law — with the prospect before 
me, which usually opens before young Barristers. 

"In England the motto of the Bar is, 'Sixty, and a 
coronet,' in our land of republican simplicity, it is 
changed to 'Sixty, and a competency.' 

"Should you ever wander so far north as Boston, 
you will find me in our Inns of Court, probably wait- 
ing for a brief. 

"I will promise to protect you, while here, from 
incendiary pamphlets and anti-slavery fanatics, and to 
show you the most thriving and prosperous people on 
the globe. 

"You could not spend your time or money, in a 
better way, than in looking over our institutions, and 
in studying the habits of our people. 

"A month in the summer, I am sure, would be 
passed by you most agreeably in our northern Metropo- 
lis — why will you not come and try ? 

"1 have written this letter 'currente adaino,' fear- 



146 HEXRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

iug that if I laid down, or even mended my pen, I 
should not finish it. Excuse the haste in which it is 
written ; and encourage me to write you a better one? 
by giving me an early reply. 

"Present my respects and remembrances to Mrs. 
Somerville, and beJieve me, 

"Yours, most Respectfully 

"and Truly, 

"George Tyler Bigelow." 



Mr. Somerville's company was much sought after, 
on account of his agreeable manners, and cultivated 
conversation. 

The following letters to him, from Charles Carroll, 
are an evidence of the friendship that existed between 
them: 

"Henry V. Somerville, Esq., 
"Bloomsbury, 

"Baltimore Co., 

"DOUGHOREGAN MaNOR, 

"December 22, 1834. 
"Dear Somerville: 

"Mr. Clay, and several gentlemen from Washing- 
ton and Baltimore, are coming to spend Christmas here. 

"According to your promise, I hope you will pack 
your trunk for a few days, and join us on Wednesday 
by 4 o'clock. 

"I can promise you egg nog, &c., &e. 



HENEY V. SOMEKVILLE. 147 

"Merry Christmas ! if you are disposed to make it 
so. 

"Truly yours, 

"Charles Careoll. 
"Please let me hear from you, and direct to 
Ellicott's Mills." 



Another note says: 
"Dear Somerville : 

"Some friends will dine with me (sans facon) on 
Friday. 

"Bring- up a good saddle horse, as we shall hunt 
Saturday morning. 

"Yours truly, 

"Ch. Carroll. 
"February 18th." 



Mr. Somerville wrote very pretty verses, as w^ell as 
serious prose. 

The following was written in an album : 

"I saw the following verses in Miss Gay Bernard's 
Album, which had been written by Mrs. General Win- 
field Scott. 

"Women have many faults, we know — 

The men have only two. 
There's nothing ever right, they say, 

There's nothing right they do !" 

"Maria Mayo Scott." 



148 HENRY V. SOMERVILLE. 

Under this I wrote : 

"The men have many faults we know ! 

And girls are nanghty too. 
They match each other wondrous well. 

In everything they do ! 

"For if the men do nothing right, 
And never say what's true — 

"What pretty fools must women he — 
To Love them, as they do ! 

"H. V. SOMERVILLE." 



The following verses were written by him, shortly 
after his Marriasre: 



"The Sweet Little Girl That I Love ! 



'•What I prize most, and what I adore, 

'Tis the sweet little Girl that I love ! 
My soul to high Heaven, seems ready to soar, 

When I think of the Girl that I love ! 
If my days are too happy, 'tis when I am near 

The sweet little Girl that I love ; 
And if they should ever be dashed with a tear, 

'Tis still for the sweet Girl that I love. 



"If in this wide world, I can feel trust in aught, 
'Tis alone in the Girl that I love, 

If I learn to be true, the lesson is taught 
By the dear little Girl that I love. 



HENRY V. SOMERYTLLE. 1-49 

And when for soft pleasures, my soul is prepared, 
'Tis with the dear little Girl that I love; 

And, if I should pray that my life may be spared, 
'Tis for the dear little Girl that I love. 



"What object on earth, to my heart can I press, 

Like the dear little Girl that I love. 
The air that I live on, I value for less. 

Than the sweet little Girl that I love ; 
I feel that existence itself, would be vain. 

Were it not for the Girl that I love,— 
With her, all is pleasure, without her all is pain. 

The dear sweet little Girl that I love. 

"pi. v. somekyille. 
"My Own Dear Wife.'' 



The paper on which these verses are written is 
very much worn, showing that the verses had been 
very often read, and that the feeling which had dictated 
them, was valued and appreciated, by her to whom they 
liad been addressed. 

Mr. Somerville, in his last Will and Testament, 
which was dated August 1, 1837, gave evidence that 
the sentiments of his early life had been preserved 
unimpaired to the end. 

After the usual commencement. 

"' * * And being desirous to settle my worldly 
affairs, and thereby be the better prepared to leave 
this world, when it shall please God to call me hence," 
* * * and a few legacies, he says : 

ii * * Having the most perfect confidence in 
the prudence and capacity of my dear wife, Rebecca ; 
and sensible of her havin": most faithfullv discharged 



150 HEIilEY V. SOMEKVILLE. 



to my entire satisfaction all the various duties of a Wiff^ 
and Mother — as an evidence, therefore, of my regard 
and esteem, I do give and devise unto my dear wife, 
Rebecca, all my estate, real, personal and mixed, to her 
and to her heirs forever. * * * " 



H. V. Somerville died August 29, 1837. 

C. B. Tiernan has the Bill from H. W. Jenkins & 
Son, for a Mahogany Coffin for Mr. H. V. Somerville, 
$35.00. 




William C. Somerville. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 153 

His elder brother, William Clarke Somerville, 
was born in St. Mary's County, Maryland, March 25, 
1790, died in France, January 5, 1826. 

Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography, 
says: "He possessed various accomplishments, and was 
striking in his personal appearance. After the death 
of General Henry Lee, in 1818, he purchased "Stratford," 
in Westmoreland Connty, Virginia, where he lived with 
great eleo-ance." 



He was educated at William and Mary College, 
Williamsbnro- Vireinia. 



His picture here, is taken from the original copper 
plate engraving, taken in 1808, by Julien" St. Memin, 
now ia the possession of C. B. Tiernau. 

These pictures were taken in black crayon, upon 
pink paper, life size, with the profile to the left ; by a 
physionotrace, by means of which the human profile 
conld be copied with mathematical accuracy. It was 
then reduced by a pantograph, with the profile to the 
right, and engraved on copper within a circle of two 
inches in diameter. 

St. Memin reserved two of the engraved imj^ressions 
for himself. The Corcoran Gallery in Washington now 
has one of his collections, in which this one is marked 
"No. 624, William C. Somerville, Lawyer and Charge 
d'affaires." 



In 1811, he became engaged to be married to Miss 
Sarah Conyers, of Eichmond, Virginia, a young lady of 
beauty and. refinement, who, unfortunately, lost her life 
in the dreadful fire in the Eichmond Theatre, on 



154 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

December 26, 1811, on which occasion, the Governor of 
the State, and upwards of seventy other persons also 
perished. 



His friend, N. Randolph, announced the sad news 
to him, in this letter, the following day : 



"December 27, 1811. 
''My Dearest Friend : 

"Exert all your fortitude and Philosophy, to bear 
the most unparalelled affliction. 

"Last night, th<i Theatre, with seven hundred 
persons in it, took fire, and it was nearly consumed 
before the fire was tiscovered. 

"Mrs. Gallego, and her Niece, have fallen victims 
to the devouring flames. James Gibbon, in attempting 
to save Miss Conyers, perished with her. 

"You have my tenderest sympathy — to offer con- 
solation, is impossible. 

"Your true Friend, 

"N. Randolph. 
"William C. Somerville, Esquire, Washington." 



There have been few accidents which have pro- 
duced a more lasting impression than this— and its 
effects upon the people of Virginia, were evident for 
many years. 

Mr. Samuel Mordecai, in "Richmond In By Gone 
Days," says, "The Monumental Church was erected on 
the place where the Theatre had stood, and its Portico 
covers the tombs and the ashes of most of the victims." 

Miss Sarah Conyers was an intimate friend of Miss 
Jane Gay Robertson, afterwards Mrs. John H. Bernard: 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 155 

and there is a very pleasing, small, port''ait in oil, of 
Miss Conyers, now at Gay Mont. 

Miss Eobertson was also at the Theatre on the 
evening of the fire, and escaped from the flames, by 
means of a very strong man holding his arm above her, 
and keeping off the crowd, while she passed under his 
arm, and escaped. 



William C. Somerville writes to Mrs. Rebecca 
Somerville, more than four years afterwards: 



"My Dear Sister: 

"The gloom of solitude sat so heavily on my spirits- 
after you and Henry were gone, that I tooic my depart- 
ure for Richmond, where I have been retracing with 
melancholy pleasure the scenes that delighted the 
morning of my life. 

"But those scenes are changed to me — then, my 
heart was full of hope and joy and expectation; but 
it is now nothing but the 'Waste of churlish winter's 
Tyranny.' At that time the world in prospect seemed 
an Elysium to me, and fancy decorated it with a 
thousand cnarms ; but, alas I reality has sadly dissipated 
the illusions of hope. 

"I have nothing of an interesting nature to com- 
municate to you ; my time has been employed in visit- 
ing the friends of my youth, and my spirits are too 
much depressed to speak of myself without appearing 
melancholy. * * * 



156 WILLIAM C. SOMBRVILLE. 

"Major (Henry) Lee, has been eulogizing yon in 
Richmond, and will, of course, become a favorite. * * 

"Everybody here enquires about you — of your 
mind; of your manners, and of your appearance; but 
I will not make you vain by telling my answers. 

"No letter can be written from Kichmond, without 
speaking of Miss Mayo,* who is here called "The Para- 
gon," and although many years have rolled over her 
head, she is yet dashing with her usual sway and fasci- 
nation. 

"Remember me to your family and to my friends. 
Kiss Anna Maria and Juliana for me, and believe me, 
what I always am, 

"Your Affectionate Brother, 

"William." 

Given under my hand at the Palace of Epsilonica, 
at the corner of E and 11th Streets, in the City of 
Richmond, this 29th day of May, 1816. Being the 
anniversary of the Capture of Constantinople, by Ma- 
homet. 

"P. S. For Henry. 
"My Dear Henry : 

"I shall expect to see you in Baltimore, on busint'ss 
as well as pleasure. I shall remain but a very few days 
and shall not be able to go to Clover Hill, so that I 
hope yon will be one day in Town. 

"I dined in company with your old sweetheart, 
M. P., at Mr, G's (Joseph Gallego), yesterday. Peter C, 
(Chevallie), and William L., have been married about 

*Miss Maria Mayo, eldest daughter of Colonel John 
Mayo. She married General Winfield Scott, in 1817. 



WILLIAM C. SOIIERYILLE. 15? 

six months, and told me to tell you that their wives, 
^preferred shawls to corsets, and looked very promising, 
indeed.' 

"The 'Queen' sends her remembrance. 

^•W. C. S." 



Mr. K. A. Brock in a most kind letter to C. B. 
Tiernan, says : 

"In the first Directory of Richmond, for 1819, is, 
•Randolph; David Meade; Boarding House, E Street^ 
between 11th and 12th.' 

"Mrs. Mary Randolph, his wife, was one of the 
distinguished w^omen of the day. 

"She invented the Refrigeeator. 

"Mr. Edward M. Rootes, a gentleman with a propen- 
sity for giving nicknames, called this house 'Moldavia,' 
after its Mistress and Master, Molly and David. Mr. 
Randolph was Marshal of Virginia, under the federal 
party, and npon the election of Thomas Jefferson, being 
one of those who would neither die nor resign, he was 
removed, and his wife determined to open a Boaraing 
House. 

"She was called 'The Queen/ and had as many 
loyal subjects as her dominions could accommodate. 

"I am inclined to think that the letter to Mr. 
Somerville, which you kindly presented to the Historical 
Society, was written by the 'Queen,' Mary Randolph." 



William C. Somerville served in the United States 
Army during the War of 1812. 



158 WILLIAM 0. S;MERyiLLE. 

William Cabell Rives, of Virginia, writes to 



him 



"Major William C. Somerville, 
"Leonard Town, 

"St. Mary's County, 
'•Maryland. 



"Philadelphia, June 17, 1814. 
"Dear Somerville: 

"You see I am still in Philadelphia, notwithstand- 
ing the very decided resolution I announced to you, of 
starting to New York, in a few days after you left me. 
My wavering upon this point, however, is now at an 
end, and 1 have already engaged a passage in the Stage 
which leaves this place at 1 o'clock, intending to go as 
far as Princeton, to-night. 

"T confess to you that the principal motive which 
has detained me here, so much beyond the original 
limits which I originally aasigned myself, was the 
desire of seeing more of a certoin young lady in the 
environs, and of having, if need be, an eclaircissement 
with her upon a subject of some delicacy. But in this 
object, I have been disajspointed, according to custom. 
She has been so much monopolized by the weddiiig 
party. (I can scarcely write of it, without the most 
dreadful imprecations upon it), that she has been 
almost invisible to other eyes, however much they have- 
thirsted for her celestial brightness. 

"Despair, therefore, has driven me for a time from 
the field ; not, however, without some design of re-oc- 
cupjing my position, after their connubial fondness is 
over. To soothe 30ur feelings, as well as to revive my 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLK. 159 

own drooping heart, I must iiifonn you of one flatter- 
ing circumstance attending the only interview I have 
liad with her since you left ns. 

"When I mentioned how much you lamented not 
seeing her, on that niemorahle day of disappointment, 
chagrin and indignation, she deigned to express a cor- 
respondent sentiment of regret; and said farther, that 
she did not suppose we would have departed so soon. 

*'This seems to imply that she intended to come 
out, and \\ould have seen us, hut for our own precipi- 
tancy. Apply the balm of this benignant apology to 
your wounded iieart, and let it appear in some degree 
the murmurings of pride and resentment. 

"My time has passed here, in the old tenor, of 
walking about, visiting the ladies, and reading news- 
papers, ever since you abandoned me. I have felt, how- 
ever, every moment m all this bustle, how mucli more 
delightful this employment would have been rendered 
by your participation. 

"I trust, my dear Somerville, that we may yet have 
an opportunity of marching hand in /hand to our 
common object (which is Matrimony, if I mistake not,) 
and close a series of adventures so inauspiciously com- 
menced, in a result which will beguile us from the 
recollection of our early woes. 

"In justice to myself, and by way of apology to 
you, I must tell you before I conclude this letter, 
under what circumstances it has been written. I began 
it about an hour ago, in Mrs. Benson's dining-room ; 
since which time, I have settled several accounts, 
received several visits, and been called off by every 
species of unseasonable avocation, to which I have been 
subjected by the publicity of my situation. 



16'0 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

"Taking this as a specimen of the letters of infor- 
matiou which you demand of me in the course of my 
northern tour, I fear that you regret the temerity of 
your proposition. 

'•You are implicated beyond the chance of disen- 
tanglement, and will be most sorely afflicted, I assure 
you, by the odd sort of favors that you are to receive 
from me. 

"This menace will incite you to retaliation no 
doubt, as you are a military man. 1 do not deprecate 
it, because, however, the point of honor may impel you 
to a sJioiu of reprisal, it will be instigated as much as 
possible by your benevolence and good nature. 

"I invite, therefore, most sincerely, the frequent 
lashes of your pen. The chastisement will overtake 
me in Boston. 

"In the most imaginable confusion and haste, I 
have only time enough left 

"To subscribe myself, 

Yours, Very Affectionately, 

"W. C. EiVES." 



The Somerville family were intimate friends of 
General Henry Lee, "Light Horse Harry Lee," of the 
Revolution; and with his family. 

C. B. Tiernan has the Comission of Major Henry 
Lee, Jr., in the 36th Regiment of Infantry; to date 
from April 8, 1813, which is signed by James Madison, 
President of the United States, and by Jame Monroe. 

They also had the honor of assisting General Lee's 
family in business transactions. 

The following letter from Mr. Charles Carter Lee 
to H. V. Somerville, Avritten only a few w'eeks before 



WILLIAJH C. SOMERVILLE. 161 

Mr. Soinerville's death, shows the pleasuut and cordial 
relations that always existed between the two families : 

"H. V. SOMERVILLE, Esq., 

"Bloomsbury, 
"Baltimore, Jr.ly 12, ls37. 
'•My Dear Sir: 

"Plearing that you are in town, I have made an 
effort to see you, but in vain. 

''When will you be in town again ? I am at my 
brother-in-law's, Mr. Marshall's, (Judge William L, 
Marshall, married Ann K. Lee,) right behind the Uni- 
tarian Church, on Hamilton Street, where I shall be 
happy to see you, or hear when I can meet you in town 
or at home, though I had rather defer the pleasure of a 
visit to Mrs. Somerville until it should be unmingled 
with the annoyance of business, which, you know, is 
my detestation. 

"In the meantime, my best respects to her, with 
the assurance 

"That I am, 

"Yours, as ever, 

"C, C. Lee. 
"To H. V. Somerville, Esq." 



L. T. Brien writes to C. B. Tiernan. 



"Urbana, Maryland, June 14, 1898. 
•'My Dear Charley : 

" * * * * A great deal of my time, in my 
youth, when not at College, was spent at 'Bloomsbury,' 



162 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

the estate of my Uncle and guardian, Henry V. Somer- 
ville. 

"I always understood, that part of the extensive 
library of books, in their handsome bookcases ; some 
of the oil portraits: and a certain quantity of the 
silver ware in use, came to Uncle Somerville, from his 
brother, Wm. C. Somerville, of St. Mary's County, who 
received them from Light Horse Harry Lee, perhaps 
under a chattel Mortgage or in similar way. 

"Among the portraits and paintings that I recall, 
were one of Washington, by Gilbert Stuart ; one of 
Peyton Eandolpb, President of the first Continental 
Congress, and one of Lafayette — these three I bought. 
The one of Washington, I sold for $200.00 to John B. 
Morris, Sr., more than forty years ago Eandolph's was 
lost in Philadelphia, and Lafayette's, I gave to my 
namesake Brien Berry, of San Francisco. 

"There were also portraits of Jane Shore, Nell 
Gwynn, and of a woman in a Nun's dress. Wm. C. 
Somerville's portrait, taken in France, in 818, and his 
fine marble bust, made in Italy. Many other pictures 
and fine engravings, which I can now barely recall to 
memory.* 

"With the seven boys and three girls of the family, 
I made the eleventh person, and some six or seven of us 
younger ones, hid our meals in a room different from 
that of the older members of the family. 

"At the family table, the Somerville silver was 
used. I forget the crest, but the motto was, 'Sola 
nobilitat virtus.' 'Virtue alone ennobles.' 

"At our table we used silver which was marked 

*Some of these are now in the possession of Mrs. 
Julia D. Shields, of Natchez, Mississippi. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERYILLE, 16'i 

with a Sciuirrel, and the Motto : 'Nou incautus f uturi." 
'Not unmintJful of the future.' Of course, I was very 
familiar with this silver, but like any boy, paid no 
special attention to it. 

"During 1864 and 1865, 1 was Chief of Staff of 
General William Henry Fitzhugh Lee, son of Gen. K. 
E. Lee. 

"Miss Frances Fisher,* whose brother, Fred Fisher, 
was one of our escorts, sent me a very beautiful white 
silk pennant, and one evening in Camp, I suggested to 
my Chief, that we ought to put some legend on that 
pennant. He replied : why not put my Crest and 
Motto on it — a Squirrel, and 'Non incautus futuri.' 

"Then there came back to me at once the memory 
of the knives, forks and spoons of my youth ; and 1 
told the grandson of Light Horse Harry, then and 
there all about them and their history. ***** 

"My wife and all of us send you much Love. 
"Sincerely, 

"L. T. Brien." 



Mi^ Somerville travelled extensively in Europe in 
the years of 1818 and 1819. 

^Afterwards the well known Authoress, Christian 
Read, author of Valeyrie Aylmer, Morton House, The 
Land of the Sky, &c. 

Her Nom de plume Avas said to have been taken 
from the importance of acquiring accurate Eeligious 
information. 

She married James M. Tiernan, who died January 
27, 1898. 



164 WILLIAM C. SOMERV'ILLE. 

Amoug his Letters of Introduction, is the follow- 
ing, from Marshal Grouchy, who came to the United 
States after the Battle of Waterloo — having been exiled 
1815 to 1819. 
"Major Somerville, 

"New York. 



''Marshal Comte ee Grouchy : 

"Marshal Grouchy is very glad to have an oppor- 
tunity to give Major Somerville a proof of his particu- 
lar regard, in forwarding him with letters of intro- 
duction for his daughter, the Marchioness D'Ormesson; 
and his friend, the Marqnis de Boisgelin. 

"He regrets extremely not to have been at home, 
when Major Somerville took the trouble to come to 
take leave of him. 

"He hopes he will accept of his best wishes for his 
happy passage. 
"Philadelphia, November 28th, (1817.) 



Mr. Thomas Law, who was the brother of Lord 
Ellenborough, and who married Miss Eliza Parke 
Custis, a grand-daughter of Mrs. Washington, sends 
the following letter bv him: 



"To Lady Rumbold, 
"Per favor of Major Somerville, 

"Washington, Dec. 17, 1817. 
"Dear Sister : 

"This will introduce yon to Major Wm. Somerville, 
a country gentleman, who is travelling for pleasure and 
improvement. You will gratify me by any attention 
shown to him. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE, 165 

"You know that I am become a farmer, * * * 
I have phmted a great number of trees, and I am very 
much interested in agriculture and horticulture. 

"I have been chosen President of an Agricultural 
Society, and must, therefore, endeavor to set a good 
example. 

"This country is introducing every European im- 
provement, and is rapidly advancing. All the internal 
taxes will be struck off this year, as the customs or 
duties are more than sufficient for annual expenses, 
and to pay off the War debt. 

"You do not write nie of Charles, of Sir John and 
Lady Grenville, and of my two nieces. Tell me every- 
thing concerning them. 

"My son John has another boy, who will be 
christened Edmund. 

"My grandson, Thomas, is a fine child. 

"My daughter, Mrs TtOgers (Mrs. Lloyd N. Rogers, 
of 'Druid Hill' Park, Baltimgre), will soun have a 
little one. 

"My country place I have called Tusculum. I 
wish you could see me here. 

"I long to be with you, and must, if possible, cross 
the channel once more. 

"God bless you. 

"Your most affectionate brother, 

"T. Law." 



Mr. Somerville attended the grand Ball, given by 
the Duke of Wellington, who w^as in command at that 
time in Paris, to the Duchess of Berry. 

His invitation is : 



166 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

"A Monsieur, 
"Monsieur Somerville. 
"Le Due tie Wellington, 

"Prie Monsieur Somerville, tie lui faire I'honneur 
tie venir passer le soiree chez lui, Jeutii procham. "^ 
"Le 2tl tl'Avril, 1818. 
"Les Messieurs sont pries, tie venir en uniforme." 



He became acquaintetl with Lortl Byron, in Venice, 
in May 1819, as he mentions in his "Letters from 
France." 

C. B. Tiernan, has two pieces ot paper; on one of 
Avhich, is written in their own hantl ; 

"Lortl Byron, 

"John Hobhouse," 
antl on the other, 

"Lortl Byron, 

"John Hobouse, 
"the secontl time, May 17." 

A fac simile of the first is here given : 





Id^ HM 



ai^ -5> 



Lortl Byron was very partial to Americans, antl 
saitl that he woultl rather have a bow from an Ameri- 
can, than an invitation to take snuff with an Emperor. 



C. B. Tiernan has a number of his Note Books? 



WILLIAM C. SOMEKVILLE. 16? 

Which are full of ol)serviitions upon what he saw, and 
the people whom he met, and the characteristics of the 

Countries that he visited. 

It is hoped that the following extracts from them, 
will be interestinof and entertainino- • 



"Xew York, \^ednesdaj, December 3, 18 IT, 1 
came on board the 'Minerva,* Captain Sketchly, at 12 
o'clock today, and she had already weighed anchor for 
LiverpooL ***** 

IrBLaxd. 

"January 2, 1818. The storm from the Eastward;, 
rendering it impossible to proceed up the Channel, the 
Captain resolved to ])ut into Cork. As wf approacheJ 
the entrance of the harbor, the scene was awful and 
sublime. The wind was vei-y violent, and the waves 
were dashing furiously against the rocks on the shore. 
Immediately before us, after passing the Strait, we 
discovered rows of houses along the north side of the 
hills, which the pilot infoi-med me, was the *Cove of 
Cork. 

'■The entrance into the hai-bor is very narrow ; 
and the promontoi'ies on which stand the Forts, verv 
abrupt. On our right, was Trabulgan, the seat of 
Colonel Koche, the first residence I have seen of a 
European gentleman. It is modestly situated between 
two high hills, is built of grey stone, and presents to 
the sea, an extensive front, two hundred feet, that 
carries with it an air of grandeur and magnificence. 

^Xow called Queenstowu, in honor of Queen 
Victoria's visit in 1819 



168 "WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

"To a man wlio has been, for a month, tossing 
upon the sea, exposed to a succession of calms, and 
rains, and storms, what can be more delightful than to 
find himself relieved from the perilous vicissitudes of 
the ocean, by landing on one of the most beautiful 
countries of the globe. 

"At 12 o'clock, we cast anchor, and descending 
directly into a boat, I Avas landed at Cove, and for the 
first time, trod upon the soil of Europe. 

"The first sign had the name of Fitzpatrick. 

"The City of Cork is situated on the river Lee, 
about eighteen miles aloove Cove. I had already 
resolved to travel through Ireland, and finding a little 
steamboat just setting out for the City, we went on 
board. Everything here wears a militai'y physiognomy. 
The 8th Regiment is embarking for Malta; and I have 
just witnessed an extreme instance of conjugal fidelity. 
A wife of a soldier who had been debarred the privilege 
of attending her husband, making an attempt to drown 
herself, from excess of grief. 

"National grandeur costs a great deal of human 
suffering. 

"As we landed in Cork, the florid complexions of 
the inhabitants, the dress, and above all, the laborious 
occupations in which women are engaged, exhibited a 
scene different from anything in America. We are in 
a comfortable hotel. The women wear bine cloaks 
with hoods for bonnets. The men are a fine looking, 
hardy race. I have met with an interesting old gentle- 
man, Mr. Lambert, who entertained me with stories of 
other times. He remembered perfectly the rebellion in 
Scotland in 1745. At Passage, we procured a jingle, 
a two wheel carriage drawn by one horse, with a driver 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 169 

mounted on a dickey,, and seats for four persons whose 
backs are turned to the wheels. The road was shaded 
by groves of beech and elm, and bordered by walls that 
were covered with moss and crowned with ivy. The 
cheapness of labor was universally evinced by its effects 
on every side of ns. 

"It was in riding to the beautiful seat of Mr. Pen- 
rose on the other side of the river, that Mr. Curran said 
to a peasant on a very lean horse. My friend! I tJjink 
you ought to have that animal put on the peace estab- 
lishment!' and was answered: 'And so I will, your 
Honor I when you get your tongue put i^pon the Civil 
List: 

"We dined to-day with the amiable family of Mr. 
Harvey." 



Mr. Somerville went from Cork to Killarney,. 
returned to Cork, and went by way of Kilkenny, 
Carlow, Naas, to Dublin, IGO miles. 



"January G, 1818. As soon as I reached Killar- 
ney, 1 went to view the seat of Lord Kenmare, its ])ro- 
prietor. Lord Kenmare is in Paris. The house is a 
long two-storied edifice, built in the old fashioned style 
of the days of Elizabeth. It is the first nobleman's 
house I was ever in. I saw nothing splendid, but 
everything was old, and, therefore, respectable. The 
grounds are laid out with the stiff formality of ancient 
times. To me, this was not disagreeable, because it 
was unlike that to which I have been accustomed. Art 
is novelty to an American, Nature to a European. 



170 WILLIAM C. SOMERVlLLE. 

"On askino" a cottasfer the character of Lord Ken- 
mare, he replied, 'He never oppressed the poor.' 

"January 7. If yesterday was a day of enchant- 
ment amid the wikl scenery of Kilhu'ney, tliis has been 
one of melancholy pleasure. At 10 o'clock, I set out 
with General D., in a jaunting car to visit Muckross 
Abbey, on the demesne of Mr. Herbert. The Abbey 
struck me with awe and admiration. The walls are 
mantled with ivy, and the Churchyard filled with 
tombs. Graves on gr.ives are being dug, lengthways 
and crossvvays ; and sculls and bones were piled by the 
walls. These had been disentombed, by a rage among 
the people, to be interred in this venerable s^^ot. 

"Well might the Dake of Kutland e\claim, on 
viewing this place: 'Another Louis XIV., may erect 
another Versailles, but God can only create a second 
Muckross Abbey/ 

"From the Abbey we went to view the grounds of 
Mr. Herbert. The approach to his house is beautiful 
beyond description. A gravelled road winds for half a 
mile through a road of evergreens, with occasional 
views of the Lake. Tlie Holly, the laurel, the iir, &c*, 
&c., form almost a bower over your head, and I could 
scarcely believe it was the middle of winter. 

"At 6 o'clock Captain Herbert of the Royal Navy, 
sent his chariot iov me, and I went to dine with him at 
Ciihirnane, the seat of his father. Our aci[uaintance 
was formed accidentally, and became more cordial in 
consequence of our having been once opposed in arms. 

He has four or five sisters, remarkably genteel and 
well bred. 

"I returned to Killarney at 15^, and felt regret at 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 171 

leaving a neighborhood where I have received so many 
offers of hospitality. 

"January 8. We left Killarney, after breakfast, 
in the mail coach for Cork. We-passed over extensive 
Boofs, from which the turf for fuel is cut. It makes an 
excellent fire, and I prefer it to coal ; it lights quickly 
and is )noi"e animated. 

"We made the acquaintance of Captain De 
Courcey's wife, a relation of Bleunerhasset,* whose 
family was one of the most respectable in Ireland. She 
sent her husband to wait on us, and we were gratified 
by his generous offers of hospitality. He is the son 
of Admiral De Courcey, and the nejjhew of Lord King- 
sale, and as we are going to leave Cork to-morrow, has 
pressed us to receive letters of introduction from him. 

"Kilkenny is said to be remarkable for 

" 'Fire without smoke,' 

Earth without bog ; 
Water without mud ; 

And Air without fog.' 

"In Carlow resides Bernard Wright, who received 
£500 from a Sheriff, during the Eebellion, for having 
a Note written in French ; which proved to be an 
Invitation to dine with a French Abbe. 

"In passing through Naas, a Skull caught my at- 
tention, on the top of a jail. It had been there since 

*iVron Burr's friend, William Wirt, at the trial of 
Burr, in Richmond, Va., in 1807, exclaimed "Who is 
Blennerhasset ?" 



172 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

the time of the Rebellion, and belonged to one of those 
unfortunate beings who fell a sacrifice in the cause of 
Irish Independence. 

"As I entered Dublin, a gentleman pointed out 
the spot where Robert Emmet was hanged, and where 
Lord Edward Fitzgerald was assassinated. 

"Turning suddenly on his left, the coachman drove 
with great velocity, crossed the Liffey on the Queen's 
Bridge : The Guard sounded his bugle to warn the 
chariots, carts, and passengers to give way to the Royal 
Mail, and turning down the left bank of the river, the 
grand quays of Dublin, we passed in ([uick succession 
an infinite variety of interesting objects in the scene 
before us. 

"Sunday, January 11. To-day I have become ac- 
quainted with Mr. Hay, Secretary to the Catholics, and 
Mr. (Daniel) O'Connell, an eminent Patriot Lawyer. 

"Monday, January 12. I have been this morning 
to view the Bank, which was formerly the Parliament 
House of Ireland. It is said to be the most stately 
edifice of the kind in Europe. It has three fronts with 
grand porticos of the Ionic order. 

"I have never heard an Irishman who seemed to 
pant for the prosperity of Ireland, mention the present 
uses of this building, or the Union, but with a sorrow 
beyond anything you can imagine. Whenever I have 
endeavored to probe the opinions of the dependants of 
government, their highest praise has been a shrug of 
doubtfulness. More generally, however, he has pre- 
served an awful silence, and with a yawning expression 
of countenance, looked around as if he were gazing on 
vacancy and thinking of nothing. 

"I dined with Mr. O'Connell to-day. He is a 



WILLIAM r. SOMERVILLE. 173 

Patriot of disting-uislieJ talents; with a most amiiible 
family. 

"xVbout three quarters of a mile above the Custom 
House, on the same side of the Liffey, is a very graiul 
edifice called the 'Four Courts.' ITuder its Dome is 
a superb saloon of a circular form, in which a crowd of 
lawyers and clients are generally doing business during 
the session of the Courts. The members of the Bar 
wear black gowns and curled wigs, dashed with powder. 
The rooms in which the Courts sit, are small and ill 
contrived. 

'"'I heard Mr. Plunkett, whose remarks were 
ingenious and sound ; but there was nothing ex- 
traordinary in his voice or his manner. His voice was 
distinct, and his manner not graceful, as there was very 
little action, and that with his l)ody mnch inclined for- 
ward. 



"We embarked on board the Packet, four miles 
below Dublin, at 1 1 o'clock last ni^ht. Though the 
moon shone, we had not a fair opportunity of walking 
on the extensive wall that has been built into the bay, 
foi" the protection of the harbor. On returning, we 
found the barrier gate closed, and a sentinel pacing his 
solitary round in front of it ; but a little douceur 
relieved us of our difficulty. 

"Tuesday, January 27. The packets from Dublin 
to Holyhead are in the pay of the government for mail ; 
and are the only governmental machines that I have 
not found on a magnificent scale. It would not be 
easy for an American, accustomed to superb steamboats 



174 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

iiiul comfortable packets, to conceive any more Avretched 
than these. 

"We were iu a small cabin of a sloop, huddled 
together iu confusion, members of Parliament, Lords, 
otBcers of the army, and ladies of the first distinction. 
The distance is sixty miles, and though but twelve 
hours onboard, we were uncomfortable enough. But I 
will say no more, lest you should fancy me libelling 
the chain of communication between the two greatest 
Cities of the British Empire. Travellers must not 
deal in wonders. 

England. 

"Thursday, January 29. The inclemency of the 
season determined me to travel, Post, to London, a dis- 
tance of two-hundred and seventy miles." 

"It was dark, when we crossed the ferry from the 
Isle of Anglesea to North Wales, and the moon shone 
finely as we passed through some of the most romantic 
scenes in that picturesque country. I must not forget 
the beautiful vale of Llangollan, which might be easily 
passed on the stranger for one of those enchanting 
scenes which are so superbly described in Lalla Rookh. 

"Near the village of Llangollan, is the beautiful 
cottage of Lady Ann Butler and Miss Ponsonby, two 
ladies of most respectable families in Ireland. It is 
said, they have been the most devoted friends from 
their infancy, that they possessed a considerable share 
of beauty, and had minds embellished by some of the 
finest accomplishments of their sex. That both of them 
formed an attachment in early youth, to a young gentle- 
man of prepossessing manners, but, that this gallant 
thario was incapable of reciprocating their sentiments. 



AVILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 175 

or valuing the'r charms. That their sensibility was so 
keenly mortified by their disappointment, that they 
mutually resolved to forswear the happiuess of mar- 
riage and to devote their lives to soothing the afflictions 
of others. They have lived here many years, and scat- 
tered blessings on the neighboring poor, from the pro- 
ceeds of a large fortune. 

"We dined in Birmingham, a large manufacturing 
town, where I saw more pretty girls than in any place 
since I reached Europe. 

"When light dawned on us, we were in the vicinity 
of the Metropolis of this Empire. Notwithstanding 
the extreme fatigue I had undergone, many a time did 
I put my head out of the window to catch a sight of 
St. Paul's. The number of houses for miles, gave the 
road the ap])earance of a village. We passed the Bank 
of England, the immense pile of St. Paul's, and aftei- 
driving three miles through the Strand and Piccadilly, 
we stopped at Long's Hotel, on Bond Street. 

"I rose to breakfast, in the afternoon, and saw for 
the first time, the splendid equipages rolling in endless 
succession down Bond Street. 



"12 o'clock at night. I have just returned from 
Drnry Lane Theatre. It is a beautiful house, of the 
figure of a horse shoe. The stair cas? is very grand, 
and the saloon, handsomer than anything of the kind I 
ever saw. It is lighted by fifty chandaliers, with can- 
dles. The ladies were dressed as for a Ball. 

"Kean, who is the great actor of the day, played 
the part of Peuben Glenroy, in 'Town and Country.' 
He has a small figure, and a hoarse voice ; but in 
gesture, he is powerful ; in expression, admirable ; and 



17G WILLIAM C. SOMER\'ILLE. 

in the sudden transition of voice, wonderful. It was in 
that scene in which Reuben is informed of the imagined 
elopement of Rosalie, that I first perceived in him the 
powers of a great actor. He did not sti'ain his voice 
and manner into rant, nor rave like a madman, but 
showed in every gesture and look, the convulsion of 
despair. 

"Sunday, February 1. I have seen a Prince, for 
the first time in my life I This was the Duke of Sussex, 
to whom I bore a letter of introduction. We took a 
coach from our Hotel, and, after passing Hyde Park, 
drove under the arch into the area that forms the 
Court Yard of Kensington Palace. The Palace itself, 
is a plain building of an antique appearance. 

"After entering the door, we passed down an un- 
furnished passage, ascended a flight of narrow stone 
steps, and were then conducted by the servants through 
a long passage, to the Prince's Ante-room. 

"The servant then requested our cards, and I gave 
also the letter of introduction for his Royal Highness. 

"In the meantime, I took my seat with anxious 
expectation and entered into conversation with some 
gentlemen who were also waiting to see the Prince. 
After a short interval the servant returned and ushered 
ns into the Library, where the Duke was seated. He 
rose as we entered, advanced, bowed very graciously, 
and begged us to be seated. His manners are easy, polite, 
and affable, and all of his deportment was full of good 
breeding and dignity. 

"After we had remained almost fifteen minutes, we 
were about to retire, when he begged us to remain, which 
circumstances required us to do, for near an hour. I 
felt the noveltv of mv situation for some time, after I 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 177 

went in; b'lt before I left him, his politeness removed 
all restraint, and restored the balance of my mind. 
Our conversation was chiefly political, and I was grati- 
fied to find in him, a friend of reMgious toleration and 
political liberty. 

"The votaries of non-resistance, and passive obedi- 
ence to legitimate government, call him a Jacobin ; 
whilst the old Whigs call him by way of pre-eminence, 
'The Royal Orator.' By this he is, perhaps, flattered ; 
for he spoke almost entirely, during my stay, and with 
a fluency and intelligence, that rendered his conversa- 
tion agreeable. Of the situation and prospects of all 
nations, he spoke with great frankness and with an 
enlightened libera'itv. 



"About four o'clock this evening, we called at the 
Duke of Bedford's, but he was not to be in to^vn, until 
after Easter. We extended our walk to Hyde Park, to 
see the Sunday afternoon's promenade and splendid 
procession of equipages. Imagine some hundreds of 
thousands of people, decked off in their gayest apparel, 
after being pent up in the city for a week, enjoying the 
recreation of a country scene and fine atmosphere; 
imagine these, streaming along in contrary currents of 
such thickness that the eye cannot penetrate through the 
crowd; imagine a thousand equipages, coaches, chariots, 
barouches, landaus, gigs, curricles and phaetons, drawn 
by beautiful horses, with the coachman on the box, and 
two footmen standing behind, in costly liveries; imagine 
these filled with the beauty and rank, and title of the 
British Empire, and all moving slower than any 
funeral procession, with the rows of fine buildings of 
the west end on your right, and the green turf of the 



178 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

Park, on your left, and you have the best idea I can 
give you of this exhibition. 



"February 3. We visited Lard Fingall and Mr. 
Jerningham on Monday, and we were at a pleasant 

supper at Mr. , where we saw several persons 

of rank, without discovering any particular charms in 
nobility. The only thing I fomd beautiful in the 
Ladies, was their bosoms, some of which were exquisitely 
formed and invitingly revealed. 



"If ever there was a moment in my life, when the 
feelings of patriotism were uppermost in my mind, it 
was that in which I was viewing the deplorable condi- 
ion of Ireland ; and contemplating the extremes of 
poverty and greatnesss in England. 



"February 25. We left London at 1 o'clock yes- 
terday afternoon, and reached Chatham, nearly thirty 
miles, by twilight. Nothing can be more pleasingly 
neat, than the new style of building in the environs of 
London. The houses are all thrown back sixty to 
eighty feet from the street, with very pretty yards in 
front, which give an air of retired snugness and comfort 
to ihem, which is delightful to contemplate. 



"At Blackheath is the residence of the Princess 
Bophia, of Gloucester ; and in its garden, is the site of 
the former residence of the unfortunate Princess of 
Wales, and at some distance beyond was pointed out to 
us, the re?idence of the most truth telling Lady Douglass. 
The palace of the Princess was decorated according to 



WILLIAM C. SOMEKVILLE. 17'.) 

her own taste, but, bus, since her depurture for the Con- 
tinent, been razed to the very ground. 

"1 do not assume the right of determining whether 
her conduct was correct or otherwise ; but she is cer- 
tainly 1" uch l)eloved in tiiis neighborhood, and her 
misfortunes are sympathized in, by the mass of the 
British people, in a manner that vindicates the rights. 
of women, and does honor to the nation, 

"The fall of Napoleon has diminished the jealousy 
with which strangers are watched, and, therefore, I was 
suffered to stroll without interruption from the lines of 
Chatham to those of Brompton. 

"In London, and everywhere that I have been in 
the British Empire, the military dress is conspicuous. 
To heighten the fierceness of their countenances, they 
are so germanizod, as to mount a pair of curled mous- 
taches, and it is deemed so genteel to look ferocious, 
that you may meet a chubby cheeked dandy, or an 
emasculated rake with these elegant ornaments in bold 
relief on his lazy lip." 



Frais'ce. 

^'Calais, February 27, 1818. 

"The costume and physiognomy alone would have 
assured me I was in a foreign land. About the French 
there is something always gay. Over the fire-place was 
the jolly face of Louis XVIIL, where Bonaparte once 
hung. 

"We breakfasted at Boulogne. This was the first 
spot 1 have known to have been trodden by the tremen- 
djus Bonaparte. It is true I had seen a display of oflB- 
cious loyalty over a door, where were printed in large 



180 WILLIA.M C. SOMERVILLE. 

letters, 'Vive le roi, et la famille Bourbon.' The latter 
words had been perhaps twice substituted for L'Em- 
pereur,' and the obliterated, 'egalite fraternite,' were 
yet indistinctly visible. 

"The Coach is driven by a, postillion, and drawn 
by five horses, three before two. The conductor carries 
the passports, and is responsible for the baggage. 
Three pretty little girls, with caps and wooden shoes, 
were running along the road this morning, and while 
the postillion was carrying on a dialogue with their 
father, the girls kept pace with our coach, and singing 
with great vivacity, dancer! to the tune of each cotillion 
with admirable dexterity. Nothing could be more 
pleasing than the hilarity of their countenances or more 
simply genteel, than the manner in which they claimed 
a little boon for the favor. 'Quelque chose s'i! vous 
plait, monsieur, pour la danse.' 

*'The hand of labor is everywhere visible, and 
many of the fields are admirably tilled, though by 
nature rather barren, yet laborers were nowhere to be 
seen. The secret I believe to be this : they all live in 
villages, and at this season are oc 'upied in other pur- 
suits. There is geueral'y near each village, an old 
Chateau, which had once been the habitation of the 
proprietor of the village, built in the formal stiff style 
of architecture, which might accord with the taste of 
those who wore armor. 



"Paris, Sunday, March 1. At 3 o'clock, I sallied 
forth into the gardens of the Tuileries, and saw for the 
first time all the fashionable world of France, prome- 



^VILLIAM C. SOMERVILLK. 181 

^iculiag, with grace in their steps, and gaiety in their 
countenances. Imagine, this area capable uf holding 
•ten thousand persons, tilled with carriages, and horses, 
and foot passengers, with the Royal guard (once the 
•Imperial) and a body of Cuirassiers under review by 
some of those Marshals of whom you have heard so 
much. Imagine in the centre of this, the triumphal 
•<irch of Bonaparte, du Carrousel, still standing the sole 
memento of other days, and you lia/e some idea of the 
pleasure and heautv of this scene. 



^'^Sothing strikes me so forcibly as the inconvenl- 
■ence arising from the want of side pavements. The 
•carriages dash along with great velocity, and in such 
iiumbers that foot passengers are in perpetual danger 
■of being crushed. One of the first things I saw was a 
man run over by a coach; and I understand there are 
'One or two accidents of this kind every day in the year. 
They are never published in the Gazette- for the French 
people do not like, the English, delighc in shocking 
details. Murders frequently occur in Paris, and 
drowned bodies are so frequently found in the Seine^, 
that there is a house on one of the Quays, for the express 
purpose of receiving them. Yet these things pass with- 
out observation, because they are not commented on, in 
the Gazettes. 

"The houses of Paris are built of white stone, 
which gives them a noble appearance. They seem^ 
liowever, to have been built by the Romans, and in- 
habited by the French. They are huge and ponderous^ 
and to me, look like palaces built by mistake, in alleys. 
They want the finish, which a fi.ue flag pavement would 
give them, and the neatnesss which arises from steps in 



182 WILLIAM C. SOMERVIi^LE. 

front. Had there been half as much taste in selecting 
the situafons of these edifice, as there has been labor 
and expense in erecting them, Paris would surpass our 
fancies of Babylon or Palmyra. 



"Friday, April 24. After finishing my Fencing 
and Heading lessons, I went to the Amphitheatre du 
Nord, to attend a Seance, of the French Academy. 

"Saturday, April 25. I have been quite occupied 
all day, in procuring and registering the lease of my 
little Pavilliou, No. 56, rue Provence. I dined pleasantly 
and, with my spirits much exhilaraied, I had the 
pleasure of attending the beautiful daughter of the 
Prince V , to the Theatre Francais. 

"The Play was Moliere's celebrated 'Femmes Sa- 
vantes,' but as Fleury had retired, and as Mademoiselle 
Mars did not play, I did not enjoy the performance. 

"The lady I attended combines several very opposite 
qualities. Quick,, impetuous and even passionate in her 
temper, she is a coquette by profession, and yet consti- 
tutionally cold. With eyes brilliantly black, she has 
the whitest complexion yon can imagine; regular 
features, beautiful hair, and a figure admirably turned. 
She has not yet attained her twentieth year, does not 
want talents, if she could withdraw her miud from the 
admiration of herself; yet lacks spirituality of manner, 
though she could not exist an hour out of the whirl- 
wind of gallantry. 

"There was not a gentleman in the box, she did 
not ogle with a languishing roll of her eye, nor one over 
whom she would not rejoice to tyranize. 



"Arpil 26, 1818. 1 left Paris this morning, for 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 183 

Foutainebleau, with the brave K., who was so distin- 
guished at the Battle of Waterloo, and who is a in in of 
the most unbounded gaiety of heart and manner. An 
Irishman by birth, he is an epitome of th.it country's 
peculiarities. 

"There was a neat Inn by the road to-day, at the 
sign of a monument, bearing this Inscription. 
"Dieu^Le Roi— Et Les Dames !" 



"Fontainebleau. 

"I took a ride through the King's forest, for two 
or three leagues, to join the Chase, this morning ; and 
have returned for the purpose of visiting the Palace. 



"In passing through those ancient halls and splen- 
did chambers, I was shown the superb bed, which was 
made for the fair and unhappy Marie Antoinette, at 
that period when to Mr. Burke, she seemed a vision 
just lighted on this earth. It was afterwards occupied 
by the noble and the generous Josephine, and afterwards 
resigned to the unfortunate Marie Louise. Once more 
the wheel of fortune has revolved, and its present occu- 
pant is the daughter of that Queen who suffered mar- 
tyrdom to atone for the vices of her husband's prede- 
cessors. 

"I was afterwards shown the rooms which had 
been occupied by the Pope, during the period of hi.^s 
confinement in France. 

"In a gallery of Busts, in this palace, I found the 
head of our good General Washington, between the 



1S4 WILLIAM 0. SO>rER\TLLE. 

heads of great men of very opposite characters, Fred- 
erick the Great and the Duke of Marlhoroiigh. 



"Versailles, Sunday, May 20. The great waters 
have played to day, and all th-"; world have crowded to 
see iheni. The highway exhibitetl a line of landaus, 
coaches, ehariots and diligences, and it was a scene of 
the most interesting animation. 

'•I drove first the great Trianon, to see the favorite 
residence of Marie Louise. It is a beautiful palace, 
one story high, built entirely of variously colored mar- 
bles. In passing through one of the drawing rooms, 
our attention was attracted by the elegance of some 
pieces of furniture. A large baptismal bowl of the 
most beautiful green, occupied the centre of the floor. 
They had been presented by the Emperor Alexander, 
to the Emperor Napoleon, at the time it was fancied 
the latter was to espouse a Eussian princess. 

"Mrs. • — pointed to me in a low whispe-r, the 

spots whence the Eagles had been effaced. She was 
heard by one of the attendants, who, with a look of 
audacious impudence, said, 'No, Madame, you are mis- 
taken, they are not Eagles, but Chickens, we have sent 
to market.' She smiled with her usual good temper 
at the impertinence, and with a look of bitter pleasantry 
and patriotic humiliation, said to me: 'Yes! but the 
Prussians have pocketed the price.' 



"Sunday, May 17. 'Mon Dieu, Monsieur,' said 
my little valet to me, this morning, 'il ya nn beau spec- 
tacle an jour d'hui, C'est le corps du Prince de Conde' 
qui est expose en parade. Tout Paris court pour le voir.' 

"Saturday, May 23. I went today to see the coffin 



■WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 185 

of the Prince de Oonde lying in State. The front of 
his palace, and the porter's lodge, were Inmg with black 
cloth. Finally I rea3hed the bed-room. It also was 
hnng with black, and though a hundred candles were 
burning in it, nothing was distinct. Under a rich 
canopy, was a very costly coffin, which contained the 
mortal remains of the poor old grandfather, (he was 
83 years of age,) of the Duke d'Engliieu.* On my left 
was an altar, before which the priests had been saying 
Mass for eight days, and in the centre of the room a 
passage down which, those who had tickets, w^ere suf- 
fered to pass to sprinkle holy water on the coffin. 

"After leaving, I went to see the Chamber of 
Deputies, which was originally a part of the Conde 
palace. I was shown the 'Salle,' by an old man, whose 
respectable demeanor excited my curiosity, and led me 
to inquire into his history. He told me, he had held 
his present station during all the changes of the last 
five-and- twenty years. That he had been present at all 
the assemblings and dissolutions of the different bodies 
that had occupied that Hall. With the exception of 
the gentleman, who presides over the Saints Chapelle, 
this is the only individual I have yet met with, who 
has weathered the storms of this extraordinary period. 

"The Chamber of Deputies, is certainly entitled to 
the appellation of superb, though very far inferior to 
the magniticent saloon, which was destroyed by the 
British at Washing-ton. 



"Tuesday, May 26. I saw the magnificent funeral 
of the Prince de Conde, as it passed lender the trium- 

*He was shot in 1804. 



186 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

phal arch of Louis XIV, (Porte St. Deuis,) on its way 
to the Cathedral of St. Denis. 

"Such an immense crowd of people were collected to 
see the ftrneral cortege, that all the streets and boule- 
vards leading- into the rue St. Denis, were completely 
choked uj). At I ist some horsemen opened an avenue 
through the crowd, for the approaching procession. 
The handsomest Marshal in France, Suchet, led the 
advance, and was followed by the other Marshals and 
general officers. After these, came the national and 
royal guards. Then the Hearse, drawn by eight black 
horses; after these came thirty or forty mourning 
coaches, with six horses, covered with black cloth, em- 
broidered with silver fleur de lis; then the poor; and 
then almost all the artillery and infantry kept in this 
metropolis. 



^'May 29. In the royal Chapel of the Tuileries, I 
observed a white flag hanging alone, on one side of the 
Altar. On enquiry I understood it to have been placed 
there, because it was the only flag in France, when 
Bonaparte returned, that continued true to the cause of 
the Bourbons. 



"June 1, 2 and 3. I have had a sitting each of 
these days with Mr. Ducis, for my Portrait. 



"June 5. I have been to the 'Legion d'Honneur,' 
and a second time to the Pantheon, to-day. 



"June 20. I devoted this morning to the Italian 
and Flemish schools in the gallery of the Louvre. 

"I could but pause again, to admire the 'Interior 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 18? 

OF A House,' which is one of the most extraordinary 
paintings I have yet seen. The children on the floor, the 
woman at work, with the liglit rendering actnally trans- 
parent the scarlet robe that she sews, the furniture, 
the view of the grove through the window, are wonder- 
fully executed, so that hiding the frame, by looking 
through a tube, they have actually so much body and 
life, that the eye can scarcely believe it a picture. 

"The author of this exquisite production, is said to 
have been a German, unknown to fortune, and to fame. 
This effort of his genius, was exhibited last year, and 
was bought by the King, at 15,000 francs. But melan- 
choly to relate, the unfortunate genius died of poverty, 
during the exhibition, before he knew that the prize 
was awarded to him. 



"Sunday, June 29, 1818. This has been one of the 
most delightful days, I have spent in France. 

"I have been to St. Germain's. On the route, I 
stopped to visit Malmaison, the residence of the gen- 
erous JosEPHXE. I have not found as much comfort 
and beauty combined, at any Chateau in France. There 
is neatness united with splendor, within ; and taste 
and judgment, in the grounds without. 

"Her Pictures still remain in her Gallery; but 
among them, none excited so lively an interest, as that 
of herself, leaning pensively on a table, and looking at 
the bust of ]N"apoleon. 

"In the garden, I was pleased with the T.'mple of 
Cupid. In the centre stands a statue of the little god 
of mischief, with this incription: 'Whoever thou art. 
here is thy Master. He is, he was, or he will be I' 



188 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLH. 

"July 4, 1818. We have celebrated the Anniver- 
sary of our Independence, by a Dinner at Grignon's. 
Mr. Brown, the Senator from New Orleans, was our 
President, and among the guests, was our illustrious 
benefactor, the Marqitis de Lafayette, the Couxt 
DE Segdr, and others. 

"Though the assemblage w,ts, perhaps, sixty in 
number, the dinner passed with decorum. , 

"One of the Toasts was : 'The tirst Congress. The 
Monument of their glory, is a Nation's Liberty. 

"Mine was : 'The United States. The Nation 
that gave us birth ! May she never violate the rights of 
others ; nor fail to vindicate her own." 



"July 5. Immediately after breakfast, I ordered 

my cabriolet, and accompanied by Captain W of 

the British Navy, set out for Versailles. 

"We returned by way of St. Cloud, and saw in the 
beautiful valley of D'Avray, the chateau of Madame 
La Valette, who so happily rescued her husband (she 
changed clothes with him in prison,) from a death 
which the atrocious doctrine of passive obedience ren- 
dered legal. 

'The avenues were filled with various groups pro- 
menading in every direction. Among them was the 
Duchess d'Angoulome, marching with as long a train 
of attendants and soldiers as if she had been a state 
prisoner. I doubt whether a great Republic might 
not be supported out of the trappings alone of Royalty. 

"To the north were the town and palace , and 
gardens of St. Cloud, whose water-works were playing 
in honor of the King, who was taking his drive in a 
splendid landau, drawn by eight horses, and surrounded 



WILLIAM C. SOMBRVILLE. 189 

by his guards. Just opposite was the village of Bou- 
logne, where several thousand gaudily dressed peasants 
were assembled to celebrate the fete of the village, by 
dancing on the green, with much gayer countenances 
than the royal family we had just seen. 



"Tuesday. I have been to-night to a fete extra- 
ordinaire, in the gardens of Tivoli: of all the amuse- 
ments, the descent from the artificial mountains in 
flying cars, is beyond doubt, the most animating. 

"The little temple on the top. was gaily illumi- 
nated ; each side of the course was hung with double 
festoons of lamps ; at the foot of the descent, before 
the course rises to moderate the fury of the cars, is a 
bridge fancifully lighted, under which they pass, as 
through a channel, cut of rugged rocks. 

I descended twice in one of these cars with the 
beautiful Miss Talbot of Ireland, nor can I fancy any- 
thing more euchantingly vivid, than the feelings I en- 
joyed in the descent. Imagine yourself seated by the 
side, and for the moment the protector of one of the 
loveliest women of the age; imagine the car descending 
with the velocity of lightning, environed by brilliant 
wreaths of lamps ; passing under an illuminated bridge 
as if descending into a cave in which you do not tarry 
long enough to see that its revolving lights are not 
magical. Before rushing out a sudden blaze of illumi- 
nation, surrounds you and your car, reposes before a 
little temple, more splendid than the dream of a poet, 
imagine this and say: could you not fancy yourself 
driving with an angel through the heavens, on the back 
of a comet. 



190 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

"^Outtiide the Cemetery of Pere la Chaise, at the 
extremity of the hill, which overlooks the plain of 
Vincennes, near the mausoleum of the cruel and rapa- 
cious Massena, is the tomb of Ney. A simple iron 
railing, with neither inscription nor monument, sur- 
rounds his grave. He had formerly been interred in 
another part of the ground, but the crowd of admiring 
visitors who came to sprinkle flowers over his Tomb, 
was so great, and the public sympathy so much kept 
alive by this circumstance, that it was ordered to be 
removed and secretly deposited in its present place. A 
soldier who owed his life to the protecting genius of 
Ney, in the disastrous flight from Moscow, had dis- 
covered, and was gazing with pensive gratitude on the 
earth that covered his benefactor. 

Ney's loyalty was not adherance to an individual, 
but devotion to his country, and he thought that no 
man could be guilty, whose only crime was his fighting 
to defend her. 

"The same soldier pointed out to us, at the foot of 
the hill, between the wall and the path to the tomb of 
Abelard, the grave of Labedoyere. 



"Tuesday, July 14. I went at 2 o'clock, to see 
the paintings of Gerard. This is at present the most 
celebrated painter in France, and is unquestionably a 
a man of considerable merit. He is now painting the 
triumphal Entry of Henry IV., into Paris ; but there 
is not even a horse in it that has not thrown himself 
into a violent contortion for effect. 



"Friday, July 17. I have been again to the Abbe 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. l91 

8ic\ird's to-day and have been astonished to observe the 
progress he his made in the art of signs. There is 
scaicelv an idea th:it he catuiot cf)ni:iinnicate to the 
Deaf and Dumb with the greatest quickness and ac- 
curacy. The most remarkable pupil he has, perhaps, is 
Massieu, who is, indeed, a man of wonderful penetration 
and considerable genius. Any individual is suffered to 
ask him any question ; and I believe, no one present 
could have replied with half his promptness and ac- 
curacy. On being asked: 'What is Hope?' he replied, 
'The blossom of happiness.' 'Why?' 'Because the 
blossom promises, but does not always produce fruit.' 
He gave a very long, comprehensivt? and original defini- 
tion of God, the whole of which I cannot recollect, and 
H part would do injustice to his definition. When he had 
done, a subtle thinker attempted to puzzle him, by 
asking the difference between God and Nature. His 
reply was instautaneous as usual : 'God is the eternal) 
and Omnipotent Being, the Creator of all things. His 
Will is Law; and that Law is nature.' 

"He defined the Soul to be 'A spirit destined to be 
the King of the human body.' 



"I cannot omit recording the neat compliment paid 
the Abbe, by the wife of the Austrian Ambassador, at 
the close of the examination. 

"I have but one thing to regretj Abbe, in seeing 
this Listitution.' I am sorry that you have seen any- 
thing to give you pain, Madame, replied the Abbe, who 
is rather vain of his merits. 'It is only,' said she, 'that 
I had not been deaf and dumb, the first twenty years 
of mv life.' 



192 william c. somerville. 

England. 

"July 23, 1818. We had a prosperous breeze, 
which brought us to Dover in three hours. The packet 
boat was crowded with passengers, among whom were a 
Kussian noble and his suite. The females of thf party 
were frightfully ugly. To frames huge and unsightly, 
they added the features of some of the tribes of Tartars. 
I have never seen females so free from feminine attrac- 
tion." 



He went from London, to Twickenham, Hampton, 
Windsor. 

*'I have seen no prospect in England, that pleases 
me as much as, 

"'Thy Forest, Windsor! and thy green retreat. 
At Oiice the Monarch's and the Muse's seat.' 

"The gratification I derived from this landscape 
was equal to my expectations, and these were heightened 
by conversations in those days of delicious boyhood, 
when, 

" 'We leaned the book on pleasure's bowl, 
And turned the leaf with folly's feather V 



"Blenheim. You are aware that the taste of the 
British nation in Gardening, has undergone an entire 
revolution in the last century. The straight avenues 
and formal squares, which delighted the eyes of our 
stiff and ceremonious ancestors, have given way to the 
airy curve and serpentine belt, whose windings imper- 
ceptibly varying your views, no longer tire your imagina- 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 193 

tion with a dull uniformity. This was the first nation 
in Europe which turned its attentionlo picturesque gar- 
dening, and the embellishment of landscapes by heigh- 
tening the colorings of nature. A taste of this kind is 
more generously diffused among it than among any 
other. 

"William Kent, whose instinctive genius taught 
him to prefer the forms of untutored nature, to the 
figures of evergreens tortured into the shapes of ani- 
mals, or of avenues which weary the eye by perpetual 
sameness, was the first who drew the attention of the 
public to this deformity of taste. His labors were hap- 
pily continued by Lancelot Brown, who viewed nature 
with the eye of a poet, and possessed a great deal of 
talent for the embellishment of rural scenery. Had he 
left us no other monument of his taste ; the grounds 
of Blenheim alone would have sufficiently asserted his 
title to reputation. 



"Cheltenham, August 22. I have been here these 
ten days drinking the waters, and enjoying the varieties 
of a fashionable lounging place. Fashion may be car- 
ried to a ridiculous excess at Cheltenham, but families 
may be seen without scaling the walls of a regularly 
fortified citadel. As marriages are not made entirely 
by parents, in England, but somewhat after the manner 
of free will and election, as with us. many a family 
would find it impossible to dispose of their daughters, 
if they were only to be sfen peeping from behind the 
entrenchments of its City camp This is one of the 
many causes that render the English as migratory, as 
the swans of the Potomac ; and, hence the crowds that 



194 WILLIAAr C. SOMEKVILLE. 

tlock to Bath in winter, and to Brighton, Cheltenham, 
and Harrington in snmnier. 

"The gronnds around the Well, are laid out into 
cliirming walks, and planted with elms. These walks 
are crowded morning and evening, with throngs of 
fashionable people, who either take their seats under 
the groves, or promenade to the music of Bands in the 
service of each rival establishment. 

"There are, perhaps, more gloomy eccentrics in 
England, than in all the other countries of the world. 
In Ireland and America, nature seems to sprout spon- 
taneously, and to throw out an en'dless variety of origi- 
nals. But here, every eccentric is systematically regular, 
and seems drilled into the discipline of his corps. I am 
really tired of the monotony, if I may say so, of eccen- 
tricity. The Dandies of whom I have spoken are all 
copyists after the Prince of Buttonholes, and yet it would 
be as easy to dissect a gnat or 'to bottle moonshine/ 
as to delineate their characters. Of the original 
founder of this sect, the folio ;ving anecdote is told, 
which forms the basis of their school of manners : 
■Being in company with the Prince Regent, at Carlton 
House, his professional contempt of the decorums of 
his society, induced him to say: 'Wales, ring the bell.' 
The Prince very politely obeyed, and when the servant 
appeared, said: 'Mr. Brummel's carriage.' Our hero 
felt the severity of the rebuke, and perhaps, was sorry 
to purchase immortality at the price of exile from the 
Palace, but the die was cast, the decree irrevocable, 
and making a merit of necessity, he feigned to cut, 
the Prince. 

"Meeting him soon after, in company with a gen- 
tleman, with the most courteous impudence, he said 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 195 

to the latter : 'Pray, Mr. , who is your fat friend r 

He must soup twice, and take porter after cheese.' 



"Angnst 2^. On Wednesday I visited the Eoman 
remains, which have recently been discovered near 
Bird lip. 

"It is truly curious to see the disinterment of 
Halls and floors on which the sun has not shown for 
seventeen centuries ; and very difficult tc account for 
the manner in which they have disappeared from the 
surface of the ground. The proprietor is every day 
making new discoveries. The mosaic pavement which 
formed the floors of the different apartments of the 
bathing house, are in a state of almost perfect pre- 
servation ; and the floors of some of the entertaining 
rooms, preserve their regularity. The most plausible 
conjecture is, that it was a Roman villa, the residence 
of the General who commanded the armies that are 
known to have been stationed on the neighboring hills, 
to overawe the native Britons who bad retired to the 
western part of the Island. A coin found among the 
ruins, would indicate the reign of Coustantine, to 
have been the era of its destruction. 



"Monday, August 24. I have been to Gloucester 
to-day, and have stood for the first time, on the banks 
of tht. Severn. This stream winds like one of our 
Creeks, through a beautiful meadow ; and is of con- 
siderable utility to this part of the country. 

"Eev. Josiah Tucker,- who wrote so strenuously, in 
favor of American Liberty, and the noblest principles 
of the British constitution, was long Dean of the Cathe- 



1-96 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

(Iral of Gloucester, and his tomb is seen by the travel- 
ler who wanders through its recesses. 

"He accompanied George III., through the Cathe- 
dral, and the old guide is pleased to relate, that in som^ 
part of the two hours, the king loitered in it, the Dean 
adroitly asked his Majesty, what he thought of Amer- 
ica now ? 'Why ! why ! Mr. Dean,' said the King, 
'if we had listened to you, we should not have lost 
her.' 



"The King has a considerable taste in Architec- 
ture, and I cannot, perhaps, offer a more concise criti- 
cism on the folly of the partition, which separates the 
Chapel than his observation : 'What ! what ! what ! 
Mr. Dean, a Grecian doorway to one of the finest Gothic 
rooms in the kingdom. Ionic, Doric, Corinthian, Com- 
posite ; all orders but what it should be ! who put up 
that screen ?' 'Bishop Benson, Sir.' 'A very goo d 
man ; but no taste. It ought to be knocked down.' 



"Cheltenham, August 27. This charming village 
is situated in the vale of Gloucester, and environed by 
an amphitheatre of hills. On the top of one of these 
were Races to-day ; and as I ascended the mount:iin, 1 
enjoyed one of the finest prospects in England. 

"The whole vale of Gloucester, and its numerous 
villages, and villas, were spread before ns ; the Severn 
was seen meandering at a distance, and the view termi- 
nated by the Malvern Mountains. 



"Curiosity carried me to see the pugilistic sparring, 
of the Champion of England, to- day." 



WILLIAM C. SOMERYILLE. 197 

He went from Stratford to Kenilvvorth, Birniinor. 
ham. 

"The drive to Coventry, is through a charming 
country, in which neatness and fertility are combined. 
The defect of ploughing, with five-horses tandem, and 
of bedding the land, still remain, to mark even in this 
enlightened Country, the slow progress of agricultural 
improvement. 

"A strange custom prevails here, and it is the 
tenure by which the Charter is held. 

"A naked woman has to ride around the town on a 
particular da}". 

"There is the sign of an Inn, representing Peeping 
Tom in the Church steeple (looking at Lady Godiva) 
for which sacrilege, he is said, to have had his eyes put 
out. 



"Lichfield, September 9. We had a pleasant drive 
from Birmingham yesterday afternoon, and the country 
became delightful as we approached this place. The 
rich landscapes of England, are really softened by the 
blue haze, which constantly hangs over them, to dull 
the brilliancy of every prospect. A part of this scene 
very forcibly reminded me of the notorious plain at 
Bladensburg ; which national pride would not suffer 
me to name, if the flight over it had not been less per- 
nicious to American glory, than its consequences were 
to that of England. 



Leeds. York. 

"September 6. I came to York, by way of Tadcas- 
ter, yesterday afternoon, twenty-four miles, through a 
neatly tilled country. The Yorkshire farms appear 



198 WILLIAM C. SOMEEVILLE. 

larger than those of the southern country, and the 
houses have a more respectable size and appearance. 
They approach nearer to what we see in America. 
York is a beautiful, ancient town. Its streets are 
winding, and frequently narrow, but their cleanliness 
is passing belief. Everything has the face of neat 
gentility, and one would think its fifteen thousand 
inhabitants, were a most godly race, from the number 
and magnitude of their Churches. They have, I be- 
lieve, twenty-four ; the greater part of which, are oM 
gothic structures of the most venerable appearance. 

"But the MiN"STER rises above them all, as it does 
above every thing in England, in the superb grandeur 
of its dimensions and workmanship. It is in the form 
of a cross, and near two hundred yards in length. I 
entered it in time of divine service, yet I could but 
pause in the Nave, before I passed its screen into the 
Choir, to wonder at its stupendous size, and to admire 
the airy lightness of its immense pillars, as well as the 
richness of its gothic decorations. 

"At this moment, the reverberations of the full- 
toned organ, as they rumbled away, down the aisles, 
touched by their sublime echoing the profoundest sen- 
timent of piety. 

"I do not remember, ever to have entered into a 
church with my feelings in a s^ate of better preparation 
for divine worship ; nor ever to have had the inclina- 
tions of my nature less seconded by the eloquence of 
the pulpit. 

"A good looking gentleman delivered a very passa- 
ble discourse with a sort of mechanical indifference, and 
apathy which carried a seeming consciousness, that his 
living was not within the control of his hearers. 



WILLIAM C. SOMEKVILLE. 199 

"Every day convinces me, that an Established 
Church is no promoter of real piety, whatever encour- 
agement it may give to the forms, and to the ostentatious 
turnings out of religion. I find a superior solemnity 
in our own service ; accompanied with an anxious zeal 
in the voice and manner of our preachers, to convince 
their congregations, which is far more persuasive than 
the automaton delivery which, but too often accom- 
panies an independence of a clergyman on his flock. 



"The road from Alnwick to Berwick, on Tweed, 
thirty miles, was over a hilly country, by no means 
remarkable for the richness of its soil ; but fertile in 
all those imaginary charms, which the baronial feats of 
chivalry bestow on the places where they have been 
performed. Nor must I forget Lindisfarne, on Holy 
Island, to whose superstitious legends, the tale of Mar- 
MiON", has given such an imaginary interest. It ap- 
peared in full view at no great distance from us, and 
seemed beautiful only in the dreams of poetry. For in 
spite of my prepossession in its flavor, it had a face too 
barren for my imagination to work upon. 

"I felt a delightful sensation when Berwick ap- 
peared in the valley below us, and the hills of Scotland, 
were seen gracefully swelling beyond the Tweed. And 
how could it be otherwise, with an American, who be- 
held for the first time, the banks of the river, whose 
name is associated with the historical deeds of his an- 
cesters, when two rival monarchs swayed the sceptres 
of Britain." 



200 william c. somernille. 

Scotland. 

"Everybody to whom one speaks in Scotland, is 
kind and civil in the extreme. A gentleman will put 
himself ont of the way to serve one, and do it so politely 
that he almost persuades you, he is doing himself a 
favor, in obliging one. 'Hospitality has not ceased to 
be considered a virtue in this country, nor kindness of 
demeanor a test of good breeding.' 

"We dined at Berwick, and came to Dunbar, thirty 
miles, to tea. Nothing can be more romantically beauti- 
ful, than the road five or six miles from Berwick. It 
winds along the side of a hill, four or five hundred feet 
high, and is itself, about two hundred feet above the 
level of the ocean. 

"Six miles from Dunbar, is the farm of Mr. Eennie, 
which stands pre-eminent in this best cultivated part 
of Britain, for the elegance of its husbandry. The 
County of East Lothian, realizes all my expectation of 
the beauty of British agriculture. Mr. Eennie had the 
kindness to ride over his estate with me, and to explain 
his mode of cultivation. He ploughs his grounds until 
perfectly pulverized, and it is impossible to imagine 
anything more beautifully straight, than his furrows, 
or more uniformly rpgular than his ploughed lands. 
The produce, as well as I remember, is: Turnips, 
about 35 tons; wheat, average 32 bushels; clover, 2| 
tons; oats, about 60 or 70 bushels to the English acre. 
The Scotch acre is, one-fifth larger. 

"From Haddington, it was seventeen miles to Edin- 
boro', over a country whose husbandry would have been 
admired, if we had not just passed through the district 
which is the pride of Scotland. We drove up the high 
street, and crossing the North Bridge, took up my resi- 



WILLIAM C. SOMEKVILLE. 201 

ilence at a Hotel, on Princes Street. In the afternoon 
we went to see Calton Hill. It is the finest prospect I 
have seen in Europe, and deserves a celebrity, it has 
not obtained. 

"Sunday, September VS. I was at the Scotch Church 
this morning, and at Dr. Alison's* this afternoon. 
Everybody was attentive, and in each, the discourse 
was pronounced with the fervent zeal of sincerity. 
There was no apathetic mechanical declamation, but a 
pious delivery of the plain precepts of Christianity. 
Mr. Alison, whose beautiful sermons are so universally 
admired, delivers his address with the gentle meekness 
of a Christian divine. 

"On Sunday, Edinboro' resembles an Americ^i city, 
in the attention which every one pays to religious duties. 
Can any one doubt, who sees the difference between this 
and an English town, the inutility of church monopoly! 

"Loch Katrine, Saturday, September 19. The 
Highlanders yet preserve their tartan dress. They also 
preserve their ancient hospitality, united with a jealous 
pride of any superiority that may be affected by a 
stranger. As far as I have had an opportunity of judg- 
ing, I have thought 1 could discover great kindliness 
of heart, and admirable generosity in the character of 
the Highlander. Whenever they receive a favor, their 
gratitude seems overflowing, and whenever they are 
thus attached to one who has treated them kindly, this 
memory of the heart never fails them, and their devo- 
tion borders on extravagance. 

*Rev. Archibald Alison, minister of the Episcopal 
Chapel, at the Cowgate. 



20a WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

"From Loch Katrine to Loch Lomond, we travelle(i 
on foot (five miles) over a rugged path and nncultivated 
country, and when we reached Loch Lomond, we had 
the mortification to find the steamboat just gone, an- 
other party disappointed on the shore, and no prospect 
of getting forward till Monday, The magic of a little 
silver however, procured us a boat to the Inn, and after- 
wards to Luss. 

Near Luss, resides Sir J. Calhoun, at a stately 
mansion, which I did not, until a few hours afterwards, 
know to have been the birth place and residence of a 
wife of one of my forefathers. Her father was the 
Laird of Luss, and the Calhoun clan resided on his 
Estate. On the opposite side of the Lake, resided the 
MacGregors, who were outlawed by James VL, for 
haying murdered the Calhouns. The story is related 
in one of the notes of the 'Lady of the Lake,' and the 
ground on which they fought, was pointed out to us by 
the boatman 

"On my observing to him, that those were sad times 
when no honest man could sleep quietly in his bed, 
and asked if he did not think the change much for the 
better ; he shook his head, with an expression of doubt, 
and said the contrary was his neighbor's opinion. 
I then asked him if he would like to be engaged in 
such bloody frays, he said, 'I should na' care, if Imight 
gain ivell hy it.' In which expression may be, perhaps, 
included all the philosophy of war. 

"In descending Loch Lomond, Inch Scroon was 
pointed out to us, and is, perhaps, the most singular es- 
tablishment in this unique nation. It is an asylum for 
such ladies and gentlemen, as are too fond of drink, for 
the respectability and comfort of their families, They 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 20S 

pay a regular board, and are debarred the use of spiritu- 
ous liquors by degrees. 



*'I find Glasgow, one of the finest Cities in Britain^ 
The impression one would receive from the appearance 
of the public here, is that of uncouthness, mingled with 
intelligence. 

"There is certainly less of decorons politeness and 
polished refinement, than in Edinboro', where literature 
has had a great influence in softening the manners of 
society. 

"I have walked over the town to-day with Mr, 
Warren, whose civilities were accidental and unbounded-. 



"Stirling Castle commands from its parapets, as 
rich a variety of views, as almost any country can boast 
of. To the East, the eye traces the windings of the 
Forth, through a richly cultivated plain, till it loses 
itself in the distant horizon, where nothing appears but 
the Castle of Edinburgh and the Pentland Hills, to 
break the level of the prospect. 

"To the North, stretch the Grampian Hills, and at 
a still greater distance rise the Mountains of Ben Ledi 
and Ben Lomond. 

"The lovely plain which extends from the base 
of the rock, on which the Castle is erected, is varie- 
gated by rich fa,rms and villas, scarcely one of which 
has not been the scene of some remarkable adventure in 
those days, when no Scotch gentleman died in his bed. 

"To the South, my eye lingered with peculiar inter- 
est on the field of Bannockburn. 

"An Englishman recently visited Bannockburn, and 
on leaving the field, offered pay to the Scotch guide : 



204 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

'No, DO, man! Keep your silver. Your ancestors paid 
enough for seeing Bannockburn.' 

"Callender. I find the Scotch farmer a neater 
husbandman than the English. The stacks of grain 
are evenly formed, with compactness and regularity, 
and so corded and belted with twists of straw, that one 
might almost fancy them cast in a mould. 



"Soon after leaving Stirling, we passed in view of 
KiER, the seat of the Stirlings, and the residence of my 
great-great-grandmother. From some fantastic whim 
in the builder, this House is said to have as many win- 
dows, as there are days in the year; and an accidental 
one for leap year. 

"A little beyond it, is Blair Drummond, the seat of 
Lord Kaimes, whose works I have read with so much 
pleasure. His town residence had been pointed out to 
me in Edinboro'. 

"The snuggest mansion in the old toivn of Edin- 
boro', is not fashionable enough for a shop keeper of 
the present day. 



"Tuesday, September 22. I have come twenty miles 
to Kilmarnock to-day, in order to visit my cousin, Mrs. 
SoMERViLLE McAllister, who I find resides seven 
miles from here. 

"September 22. I drove in a post chaise to Ken- 
nox, or Crivoch, which is two miles from Stuarton, to 
breakfast this morning. 

"I shall always regret that it was only in my power 
to remain a few hours at this seat of my ancestors, in 
consequence of the Coach arrangements. 

"Mrs. McAllister, who is a daughter of my great 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 205 

Uncle William Somerville, received me with the kind- 
est affection ; and we joassed an hour or two in talking 
of family couuectious. 

''Though we never met before, and may never 
meet again, it was a scene to me of deep interest. * * 

"But I must not give way to the impressions which 
a visit to the residence of a part of my ancestors 
crowded on my mind. 

"It is a lovely spot. 



"I joined the Coach and proceeded to Dumfries, 
sixty miles. 

"The Scotch children are full of mischief and 
noise. Crowds of them are seen in every village; 
some with books in their hands, but all with gay 
countenances ; very unlike the decorous gloom of 
English villages. 

"At Dumfries I had an opportunity of visiting 
Burns' Monument, which may resemble the Lantern of 
Diogenes. 

"His widow still occupies the small house in 
which he died. 



"After passing Annan, we arrived at the little vil- 
age of Gretna Green, on the north side of the rivulet, 
that separates Scotland and England. The houses in 
which the clandestine marriages are made, were pointed 
out to us, one of which purported to be occupied by a 
dealer in spirituous liquors, and the other by a Letter 
of Post chaises. 

"The windows were open, the rooms airing, and 
the blacksmith ready to weld the indissoluble link 
for any happy pair who had escaped the imaginary 



206 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

tyranny of their friends, and whose flight had been 
fleet enough to elude detection. 

"The conversion of Gretna Green into a sanctuary, 
is, perhaps, endowing it with no bad privilege in a 
country in which, though woman is allowed a greater 
degree of independence than in any other in Europe, 
parents are not unfrequently found who would sacrifice 
the tenderer feelings of their child, for the vanity of 
wealth, or the pride of family connection. 



"He went by way of Keswick, Ambleside, Winder- 
mere, to Preston. 



"September 27, 1818. From Preston, thirty-two 
miles, brought us to Liverpool. 

"The Country is a cold soil, covered with a green 
turf, and better adapted to grazing than farming. 

"Mr. Simonds knows but little of agriculture, for 
he praises its fertility. 

'.'As we approached Liverpool the number and 
neatness of the improvements visibly increased, and 
with them the apparent comfort of the inhabitants. I 
counted more than three hundred carts, with two or 
three fine horses in each, and was told there was some- 
times twice that nu liber. 

"Mr. Eichard Harrison accompanied me on Monday 
around the town. 

"The extent and collection of the Botanical Gardens 
reflect the highest credit on their liberality and public 
spirit. Mr. H. was so kind as to offer to exchange 



WILLIAM C. SOMERYILLE. 207 

shrubs with me ; and I shall be very glad to get the 
Irish Ivy, and the variegated Holly. 



"I saw Miss O'Neill, in 'Belvidera,' (in 'Venice 
Preserved,' by Otway) on Monday night. 

"I have never been so much moved and enchanted 
by the powers of an actress. 

"With a contour of remarkable elegance, she has 
a majestic figure, a graceful action, and a fine face. 
In the scenes where energy of character was required, 
she worked upon my imagination by the charm of 
dignity, but in those where feminine softness was to be 
united with the meltings of sorrow, she broke into my 
heart with a pathos, so lovely, and a naturalness so 
exquisite, that I forgot it was acting. 

"I felt the tears streaming down my cheeks, and 
my whole frame agitated with an emotion, that it re- 
quired hours to recover from. 

"She was everywhere wonderful ! I have never 
seen an actress on whom the character of a virtuous 
woman sits so well. 

"It may be that her fine reputation, by the force 
of association, throws a moral charm over her represen- 
tations, which it is not easy to describe. 

"Tuesday night. I shall never, while I live, forget 
the emotion that thrilled through my heart, and roused 
the whole house, when, in the character of Mrs. Beverly, 
in 'The Gamester,' she exclai"med, lifting her hands 
towards -Heaven, with a pious fervoi', to the wretch who 
having duped her credulity, betrays to her, his dej^ravity, 
as he kneels to solicit her favors : 

" 'Oh ! had my eyes the lightnings of Heaven ! that 
they might blast thee ! Thou impious wretch !' 



308 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

"Ill pathetic scenes, her face is full of the fire of 
feeling, and when her breasts are seen panting with the 
weight of woe, there is more of heaven, than of earth 
about her. 



"I have just returned from the Docks, where I saw 
the 'Pacific' and the 'Martha,' unfurling their sails 
for the West. 

"I was almost tempted to throw myself on board, 
to abandon all the pleasures of an Italian tour, in order 
to join those friends after whose society my heart aches, 
after so long a separation. 



"On Tuesday morning, I rode with Mr. William 
Brown, to view the improvements around Liverpool. 



"Chester may be said to have houses without 
streets, and streets under houses. 

"Many of the houses are either the same, or on 
the same model as those that existed, when Wales was 
an independent country. 

"They have balconies projecting over the street, 
from which it is said the inhabitants used to assail 
their enemies, in those happy times when every man 
was a soldier, and every chieftain a Prince. 

"I have been to the Cathedral this morning, and 
find that though it has never been finished, it is 
mouldering to decay. A robin was its only tenant, and 
perched near an eastern window, was singing his hymn 
of rejoicing to the beams of the morning sun, that ani- 
mated his breast with their genial warmth. 

"I afterwards walked entirely around the town, 
two miles, on its ancient walls, which are carefully 



"WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 209 

preserved, and are a charming promenade for its in- 
habitants. 



"On my retnrn to Chester, I visited the Bishop's 
family, and set out in the afternoon for Shrewsbury. 
We had a charming drive of forty miles to Shrewsbury, 
where we found the town so crowded as to have to pay 
near half a guinea for a bed. 

"About ten miles from Chester was Bolesworth 
Castle, which was pointed out to me as the residence of 
Colonel, now General TarletoN, who seems to have 
warred as much against the comfort of his Tenantry, 
as he did against the happiness of South Carolina, 



"We slept at Stratford, and set out at 9, for 
^TowN,' as the English universally call London, fiftj- 
four miles. 

"For a dozen miles, before we reached the Capitol, 
the road was almost a continued village, and the coun- 
try studded with houses in every direction. 

"The road became thronged with carriages, carts 
and foot passengers. An innumerable number of 
Stage coaches with fine teams, elegantly compai'isoned 
and crowded with passengers, dashed by us. 

"The weather was showery and damp, but I could 
not resist the desire to see everything, and, therefore, 
took my seat on the top. Nor can any mode of travel- 
ling be more dangerous. Placed on a level with the top 
of the Coach, at a fearful height from the ground, 
one is hurled along with thoughtless velocity, and the 
slightest touch of another vehicle, or abandonment of 
the way, dashes you to the earth with shocking violence. 

"Accidents of this kind occur every day, and yet 
the abominable practice is continued. 



210 WILLIAM c. sairERyiLLE-. 

"Inside,.an English Stage Coach, is- a sort of prison^ 
with two little windows from which scarcely anything 
can be seen. Outside, you are in danger of your life; 
and alone, in a Post chaise, the Blue Devils are inevi- 
table in this gloomy climate. 

"At Whitchurch, I saw more beauty than in any 
town through which I have yet passed. It happend to 
be market day, and the number of tidy girls, scarcely 
exceeded the number of pretty ones. 

"I left Woburn yestei-day at 9 o'clock, and arrived 
in London to dinner. 

"The English love to show off, and their ostenta- 
tious feelings extends itself to the Coffee Houses. If 
one orders the plainest dinner, it cannot be served by 
one servant, but a platoon breaks in with an 'Embarras' 
to reconcile you to the extortion of the Bill. 

"A list of items for my dinner to-day, at the 
^George and Blue Boar,' Holborn : 

2 Mutton Chops 6 shillings. 

3 Potatoes ...1 shilling. 

1 Cauliflower 1 shilling. 

Eoom 2 shillings, 6 pence. 

Lights 1 shilling. 

Bread 1 shilling. 

A Pint of Port 3 shillings, 6 pence. 

Waiter.... 1 shilling. 

Boots 6 pence. 

Porter of the baggage 1 shilling. 

Back again 1 shilling. 

Chambermaid for water to wash 1 shilling. 



"A stranger who judged of England by London, 



WILLIAM C. SOxMERVILLE. 211 

would do great injustice to the character of Eng- 
land. 

"The pride of Great Britain, the true bulwark of 
her independence and glory, is the intermediate rank of 
gentlemen, which constitutes a society, in which is 
embodied as much refinement of honor, as enlarged a 
comprehension of the conditions of ma".ikind and prin- 
ciples of as inflexible integrity, as, perhaps, any in the 
world. 

"Nor should it offend the vanity of our Country 
to know that this is the fountain from which we have 
drawn that mass of noble sentiments and honest prin- 
ciples which, if cherished and perpetuated, cannot fail, 
wath the blessings of Heaven, to render America, not 
only the greatest, but the wisest nation the world has 
ever seen. 

"We possess this class, without the two cancers of 
Great Britain, her pampered nobility and her famished 
yeomanry. 



Belgium. 

"On entering Belgium, we were struck with the 
cleanliness and comforts that were everywhere visible. 

"Oambray, October 20. I have been walking 
around the town, to observe the fortifications. My 
ramble was through the English camp. 

"October 21. I went this morning to enquire after 
the tomb of Fenelon, and finally learned that his 
remains had been removed from the Churchyard to a 
nunnery. 



212 . WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLK 

"When I returned from the monastery, T extended 
my walk, with the hope of finding the Church in which 
he preached, and the house he inhabited. But they 
exist no more. They were demolished hy the revolu- 
tionists, and the dilapidated gate of the palace is all 
that remains to attest its position. 



"October 31. The English Army has broken up its 
encampment this morning, and marched to the point of 
rendezvous, near Boucbain, for the review of Friday. 

"Bouchain. We saw very well, the various en- 
campments, particularly that of tbe Danes, through 
which we passed. 

"Our prospect for lodging was gloomy. Every bed 
was occupied, and new claimants perpetually arriving. 

"We were awakened in the morning by voices, like 
the chattering of Babel. 

"French, Germans, Danes, English, &,c., &c., as- 
sembled in the kitchen, were jabbering their dialects 
with violent vociferation, as if each one was anxious to 
be admired for the force of his lungs. 



"We were put to mnch inconvenience by the clos- 
ing of the gates of the fortified cities, those nests of 
Tyrants, by 7 o'clock. 



"Valenciennes, October 22. The Allied Sovereigns 
in their Landaus, Avere re-entering the town from the 
review of the Kussian Army. The windows and doors 
of every house were crowded, and a multitude of 
strangers thronged the streets. 

"It was a curious sight to see individuals of every 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 213 

nation in Enrope assembled in amity, and would have 
been a delightful one, if the huge conspiracy of mon- 
archs did not close the vista of hope with the clouds of 
apprehension, 

"Friday, October 23. The allied Army has been 
reviewed by the Monarchs to-day. 

"It was a splendid spectacle, and I shall probably 
never see the like again. The occasion, too, the last 
assembly of that vast army, whose achievements have 
changed the destinies of mankind. The final separa- 
tion of that phalanx of brother warriors, who, com- 
mencing their march from the opposite extremes of 
Europe, from Archangel and Gibraltar, hare twice met 
on the plains of France, served to heighten the imagin- 
ary grandeur of the scene. 



"Mons, October 24. I saw the Emperor Alexander, 
the King of Prussia, the Grand Dukes Coustantine and 
Michael, and the Duke of Wellington, pass the Place 
St. George, on their way to Sedan, this morning. 



"Nivelles. At 9 o'clock our Postillion announced 
that my carriage was ready. 

"I was disposed to visit the scenes of the last great 
military transactions of Bonaparte in their succession, 
and, therefore, took a circuitous route to Waterloo by 
Quatre Bras. 

"I alighted from the carriage, and walked down 
the road to Charleroi, on either side of which the con- 
flict was extremely various. 

"The field on my left, was the one in which the 
Duke of Brunswick was killed. It is now laid down 
in grain, and I saw human bones brought upon the 



214 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLB. 

surface of the earth, by the recent passages of the 
plough. 

''Near the village of Mt St. Jean, in a little 
garden, a small willow was pointed out to us, as having 
been planted over a leg of Lord Uxbridge, which had 
been amputated in an adjoining house. 

"Its proprietor has made the most of a little, and 
gathers a small tax from the English pilgrims who 
daily besiege the fields of Waterloo. 



"We stopped at the Inn of La Belle Alliaistce, 
and read on a tablet over the door, that Wellington and 
Blucher met here in mutual congratulations of victory. 
We were told that the Mistress of this house, some forty 
years ago, took a fancy to her Hostler, and that the 
neighboring folks in mere waggishness, thought fit to 
give their residence the name of La Belle Alliance. 
This has been sufficient to satisfy the minds of many 
very sober-sided Englishmen, that there was a kind of 
divine interposition on this marvellous day, and that 
the aforesaid match was made in Heaven, and the name 
given in a sort of prophetic inspiration. 

"It is true, I puzzled a grim John Bull, who 
seemed very much inclined to this belief, by enquiring, 
if he thought these matters regulated by the direct 
interference of Heaven, how he accounted for the extra- 
ordinary return of Bonaparte from Elba ? 

"The good old gentleman flew off at a tangent, 
and got over the obstacles, by some very sublime reflec- 
tions on Mystery. 

"Brussels, October 26. I went to the ramparts, 
that I might have an opportunity of observing the 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 315 

form of Brussels, and comprehending its divisions. 
The King- has determined, very wisely, to convert the 
ramparts into a boulevard, in order to render the City 
more completely a little Paris, and workmen are now 
demolishing them. 

"Such, however, is the spirit of discontent prevail- 
ing in this part of his dominions, that the Belgians turn 
from all the doings of their King with prejudice and 
aversion.* 

"Nature seems to have pointed out forcibly the 
advantages of the recent union of Belgium with 
Holland. 

"Nor could T conceive it a national blessing to 
any state to exist merely as a theatre of bloodshed, 
or as a province of a distant empire, of whose body 
corporate she did not constitute an essential member ; 
but to which she was attached as a sort of loose 
appendage, too feeble to vindicate her own rights, and 
too remote to receive the protection she needed, and 
this Union had seemed to me the only act of the 
Congress at Vienna, that merited the gratitude of 
mankind. 

"But to my astonishment, I find this act universally 
reprobated in this country, the government unpopular, 
and a spirit of disaffection prevailing in a most alarm- 
ing degree. 

"The old gentleman I met to-day, preserved an 
enthusiastic regard for the Austrian government, 
which he represented as inimitably mild and gentle. 
He appeared to have his mind imbued with the princi- 



*Belgium separated from Holland in 1830. 



216 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

pies of liberty, and to have been a loyal subject under 
Napoleon, though no admirer of despotism. 

"His preference for the French, over the Orange 
government, he did not hesitate to disclose ; although, he 
observed, that with many other respectable citizens of 
Belgium, he had been confined in prison, in Paris, over 
a year, by Bonaparte, and finally liberated without 
having been brought to trial, or informed of the 
cause of his detention. 

"As he discoursed on these subjects, it was curious 
to observe the caution with which he lowered his voice, 
when any person passing by seemed to lend his ear to 
our conversation. 



"October 27, 1818. I left Brussels for Antwerp, 
and after passing through the Allee' Verte, ascended to 
the Chateau of Lacken, the Palace of the King. 

"It was built by Marie Christine ; is a superb house, 
and contains a splendid suite of twenty-two apartments 
on the first floor. 

"They were furnished in a style of great elegance 
by Bonaparte, who, in all palaces, was an excellent 
tenant for his successors. 



"The country to Malines and Antwerp, twenty-two 
miles, is cultivated like a garden ; and seems to sup- 
port a numerous, healthy and industrious population. 
The bells of Malines were chiming a tune of the eve of 
some fete, at the time we were changing horses. 

"It gave a liveliness and merriment to the appear- 
ance of the town. 



"We found droves of English families, rambling 



'I^'ILLIAM C. SOtJERVILLE. 217 

siljout the streets of Ghent ; some of who-ni were 
hastening to England, from the panic in consequence 
of the retiring of the Allied army. 

"Nor do the people here, disguise their attachment 
to Bonaparte. His portrait hangs in the room in which 
we breakfast 



France. 

"Paris, December 9, 1818. I have been to 'La Mess-e 
du Saint Esprit,' to-day, in the Cathedral of Xotre 
Dame. 

"It was a magnificent spectacle, and the turnout 
of the King, the most splendid I have ever seen. 

"It was preparatory to th^e opening of the first 
Session of the Legislative Body, after the evacuation of 
France, by the Allied Army. 

"I indulge almost a belief, that they will show 
themselves a wise and enlightened body, and do much 
for the amelioration of the Laws, and the promotion of 
national liberty. 

"I arrived at Notre Dame, at 11 o'clock, in the full 
dress uniform, which the occasion required, and had 
the good fortune to have a ticket to be admitted close 
to the Altar. The Church was not yet crowded, nor 
the ceremony begun. A few straggling dignitaries 
were prattling, as at the drawing room of a Prince > 
and the preparations going on for the reception of the 
King. 

"The Altar was erected near the cross of the 



218 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

Cathedral, and supported six golden candlesticks of 
colossal size. From above, hung a rich canopy of 
scarlet velvet, embroidered with gold, and beneath it on 
the floor, were the chair, and the cushions on which 
the King was to kneel. The floor itself was covered 
with splendid carpets, over which, in the centre, was 
extended for the royal family, a carpet of crimson vel- 
vet, richly enibo-ssed with gald. On either side rose an 
amphitheatre of seats richly adorned^ for the accomoda- 
tion of the ladies and gentlemen of the court. 

"Down the immense aisle of the Church, extended 
files of soldiers, to preserve an avenue for the King, 
and above them chandeliers were lighted. 

"At last, about 12 o'clock, the roll of drums arr- 
Bouuced the approach of the procession, which con- 
sisted of twenty coaches, glittering with gold, and 
drawn each by eight horses magnificently caparisoned 
and shining with silver ornaments, and conducted by 
scarlet-colored reins. These were again followed by all 
the military of the Capitol. 

"The King entered, followed by the Princes and 
Princesses, his Ministers of State and Field Marshals. 
At this moment the music struck up, and the lofty 
aisles of Notre Dame resounded with melodious rever- 
berations from the finest bands in France. 

"The scene united the solemnity of a religious 
ceremony, with the pomp of war, and the splendor of 
a drawing-room. 

"The King took his seat, with the Princesses on 
his left, and the Princes in a line on his right. 

"He wore a blue coat, richly embroidered with 
gold, a pair of epaulettes, a white waistcoat with curved 
lapels, black breeches and a sort of boots. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 21'9 

■"The Duchess of Augouleme wore a light green 
velvet embroidered with silver. 

"On the right of the Princes, stood Marmont, and 
the Peers of France, among whom I distinguished the 
countenance of MacDonald. Opposite on the left, 
were the foreign Embassadors and the members of 
the Chamber of Deputies. 

"The Mass of the Saint Esprit, was performed by 
twenty Archbishops, and Bishops, and attendant priests 
richly habited in c^oth of gold and satin, colored like 
roses. 

"Behind the royal family, were Ministers of State ; 
and directly behind the Monarch, stood the 'Archbishop 
of Iniquity,' the cadaverous -* 

"He wore a huge neck cloth, which, projecting 
over his chin, seemed to answer the purpose of the 
shell of a tortoise, into which from the piercing eye of 
virtue, he might make a retreat, like the fallen angel of 
Milton, to recover from his confusion, and to commence 
his unhallowed toils again. 



"Figure to yourself, the magnitude of this 
enormous edifice, its galleries crowded with thousands 
of spectators, the occasion, the assembling of the powers 
of a great Nation to return thanks to the Almighty, 
for the liberation of its territory, from the occupation 
of foreign armies, and you have a faint picture of the 
prospect which was before us. 



"December 10. The Session of the Chambers, was 
opened to-day, with the same magnificent display of 

♦Talleyrand ? 



220 WILLIAM C. SOMEKVILLE. 

superb equipages ai>d costly garnitures that we admired 
so much yesterday. 

"The Cortege extended from the Tuileries to the 
Chamber of Deputies, and was composed of the Royal 
family, Peers, Deputies, and foreign Ambassadors. 



"January 1, 1819. All Paris is occupied to-day, 
in giving and receiving Etrennes, (New Year's gifts.) 



"January 6. I have been walking sevei^l hours 
with Colonel J. 

"In the Rue St. Honore was the place where 
Henry IV. fell by the hand of Ravaillac. 

"Just at the moment of our arrival, a Coach 
coming in contact with another, was overset, so gently, 
that it did not even break the windows. 

"After extricating three ladies from their danger, 
we crossed the street to see the Bust of Moliere, over 
the door of t':ie house in which he was born. 

"February 8. I was at the Chamber of Deputies 
to-day. I am much gratified with the appearance of 
this most respectable body. 



^'February 9. I left Paris,, on my way to Italy. 

"Autun, February 13. Returning from my walk, 
a little chilled by the freshness of the morning, I called 
to warm myself at the hut of a peasant. The wife 
politely invited me to the fire, by the side of which sat 
the husband and daughter. The furniture was very 
good, and the appearance comfortable. 

"The old man wore the Ribbon of the Legion of 
Honor, and curiosity led me to enquire his history. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 221 

'' 'I have been a soldier many years, Sir,' said he, 
*aud I have fought the battles of my Country in the 
four quarters of the world.' 

"On enquiring particularly into his life, I found 
that, after an adventure in the West Indies, he 
had accompanied the expedition of Bonaparte into 
Egypt and Palestine ; had been a sentinel at the door of 
General Kleber, at the moment he was assassinated; 
had serred in the campaigns which were decided at 
Austerlitz and Jena, and was one of those who planted 
the French Eagles on the walls of Lisbon and Moscow. 
And what have yon gained by all the perils of your 
eventful life? said I. 

" 'Ma f oi ! rien Monsieur, que cela !' pointing very 
proudly to the little piece of soiled ribbon patched upon 
the lapel of his coat ; the symbol of the Legion of 
Honor. 

"And your country, my friend ? 'Elle est la plus 
belle Nation del' Europe.' 

"I took leave of this family very cordially. 



"Tuesday, February 23. We left Lyons and drove 
to la Tour du Pin. The houses on this road seem to 
be of stone; they are Pise work, or dry dirt pounded 
into the shape of walls, and are said to be more durable 
than stone or brick, and far more economical, 

"At one of the villages, the Maitre de Poste, had 
just brougiit home a young Bride, and was about to 
make a honeymoon of Lent. 

"The Priest who had married him, was the Jolliest 
person 1 have ever seen. All the young ladies were 
about to make an offering to the Bride. 

"A very pretty Dauphiuesse showed me a bouquet 



2522 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

of flowers, with which she was going to greet her new 
neighbor and welcome her among them. 

"It was Shrove Tuesday, the last day of carnival 
rejoicing, and gave ws an opportunity of seeing this 
custom to great advantage. 



"On leaving Chambery, yesterday morning, the 
rural retreat of Jean Jacques Eousseau was pointed out 
to ns ; we observed also a charming place that we 
understood to be the dwelling of General Deboigne, 
who once commanded the armies of Tippoo Saib. 

"I called at the house of a peasant in this walk, and 
among other questions, asked if the country was happy 
under its new master. 'Not at all/ answered the poor 
Savoyard. 'Under the French, we did passablement 
bien, mais a present, renfermes dans nos montagnes, 
nous vivons comme les ours, sans la moiudre consolation.' 



"February 25. The snow storm continued all day, 
and allowed us to enjoy but occasional views of the 
scenery. We slept at the village of St. Michael. 

"This village is 2,200 feet above the level of the 
ocean, and yet is seemingly at the very base of the 
mountains 

"February 26. Our road continued up the dreary 
valley of Maurienne, through the storm, which con- 
tinued with unabated fury. 

"The foot of Mt. Ceuis, is 3,000 feet above the sea. 
From Lansbourg, it is three postes, to the summit. 

"The fine road which passses over it, is one of the 
noble works of Napoleon. 

"As we drew near the summit, the clouds which 
frequently rolled along our road, both before and after 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 223 

Jiis, began to dissolve. The snow abated for a monieiil, 
■and enabled us to east our eyes in astonishment, 
over the scene of stupendous desolation. 

"As we arrived at the summit of Mt. Ceuis, and 
were suffering all the inconveniences of the wintry- 
blast, the clouds broke asunder, and offered the welcome 
prospect of a blue sky over the plains of Italy, 



"We were on the spot where Hannibal is con- 
jectured to have extended his arm, and pointed out to 
his soldiers the delicious regions of plenty and glory, 
that lay stretched before them, 

"Our old landlady is a curious and loquacious 
Dame, most humorously dressed after the fashion of the 
country. She wears a large crucifix on her neck, with 
a scarlet cap with sprigs of saffron, trimmed with black 
lace. 

"She tells many stories of the French, during the 
years that succeeded the Battle of Marengo, (1800), 
but dwells with peculiar bitterness on the plunderings 
of the Austrians, who, she assures us most gravely, are 
not at all better than the 'betasauvaga,' as she expresses 
it. 

"This good old lady assures me, that in the time of 
Napoleon, every body had plenty of bread, but now 
they are on the point of starving. 

" 'We had much travelling in those times,' said she 
*for Napoleon kept everybody in motion.' 

"Many of the people on Mt. Cenis speak French, 
better, 1 am told, than the peasantry near Paris. Some 
of them, and our landlady among the number, give 



324 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLB. 

French words the harmouious terminations of the Italian 
tongne.* 



Italy. 

"Turin, February 28. I arrived in Italy on the 
anniversary of the day I landed in France. 

"1 have been to a dozen Churches to-day, and have 
found them uniformly crowded during Mass, which 
lasts from 4 till* 12 o'clock ; besides tlie afternoon 
Vespers, which attract a prodigious concourse. These 
people seem devout, for I have not observed that idle 
sauntering and forgetfulness of the place they fill, as in 
the Churches of France. 

"The Churches themselves, have disappointed my 
expectation. They have neither the vast magnificence 
of the antique Gothic, nor the chaste simplicity of the 
Grecian and Roman architecture. 

"I saw the Duke of Genoa, brother of the King, 
riding with the young Princess de Carignan, the beauti- 
ful daughter of the Duke of Tuscany, to-day. 

"He takes his airing with a very handsome turnout, 
an avant courier in front, a splendid coach drawn by 
six horses, with flowing tails and manes, and three foot- 
men behind. He moves gently, and lives in too small a 
Capitol and too depraved an age, to escape scandal. 



"Genoa, March 6. The ladies of Genoa have the 
reputation of being the most beautiful in Italy. I am 
rather inclined to believe, they owe their reputation to 

*Savoy was ceded to France in 1860. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 225 

a sweet costume which imperceptibly hiasses the mind 
of a stranger iu their favor. 

"In lieu of bonnets they wear long white veils 
loosely drawn across their heads, falling in loose- 
folds over the shoulders, leaving the face exposed. 

"We are accustomed only to see a bride in this dress, 
and there is an inexpressible air of modesty in it that 
awakens a suspicion of beauty where it does not exist, 

"But I have seldom or never seen a finer looking 
race of men, than those of Genoa, and especially the 
officers, who throng the streets. Tall, manly, and well- 
proportioned in their figures ; intelligent and sedate in 
their countenances. 

"I have never seen more genteel decorum than in 
Genoa. 

"lieligion flourishes in Genoa; at least so far as the 
internal evidences of things can be expressed from exter- 
nal appearances. And charity presents herself under 
the most amiable of all aspects, whether the Institu- 
tions over which she presides derive their existence from 
religious f»ar, or remorse, or from benevolence. 

"There is no hour of the day in which the 
Churches are not crowded with persons seemingly 
devout, or seeking a sweet relief from the cares and 
anxieties of this world in the flow of pioug contem- 
plations. 

"I have seen the whole body of Marines returniiig 
from Mass this morning with a band of music preced- 
ing them, and playing such airs as might have softened 
the feelings of a savage banditti. 

"The soldiers attended Mass in the same manner, 
by direction of the Government. 



326 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

''I went yesterday to visit the Asylum of the Poor. 
It contains 1,700 persons. It is one of the noblest in- 
stitutions which adorn the City of Genoa. 

"March 8. We embarked in a felucca, at 10 
o'clock, for Lerici, and in sailing out of the harbor we 
had an opportunity of having a view of the City, which 
is said to be the finest. 

"The inhabitants of Sienna are said to speak the 
purest Italian. 

"The society is said to be agreeable, and the young 
ladies not only beautiful, but full of grace and spirit- 
uality in their manners. 

"N. B. The Italian ladies say that the English 
ladies have fine eyes, but that they do not know how to 
use them. 

"Florence, March 12. I visited the Theatre in 
the evening. It was brilliantly lighted up in honor of 
the Emperor of Austria and his family. A brilliant 
house with a number of beautiful women. 

"With the Emperor of Austria, I saw for the first 
time Maria Louisa, the wife of NAPOLEO]sr, and ex- 
Empress of France. 

"By candle light, she looks well, and has a pleasing 
smile, a good-humored, and amiable face. 

"She sat near her Father, and was applauded. 

"She was also applauded in Venice. 



Rome. 

"March 21. The Corso gathers all the fashion and 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 227 

Style of Rome, every afternoon, in carriages, which drive 
up on one side and down on the other. 

"We dined to-day with , and accompanied Col. 

P. to the Princess Pauline's. 

"This lady was thft favorite sister of Napoleon, and 
is widely celebrated for loveliness and fascination. 
Did anybody ever see her without falling in love with 
her ? has been asked more than once. How delicately 
graceful every motion, and how pleasing every sentence 
she uttered. 

"The remaining part of the evening we spent with 
the Prince of Canino, Lucien Bonaparte. 

"We found him seated, near a table, with his wife 
and children, exercising the domestic virtues of u 
parent and a husband, in the most amiable manner. 
This gentleman is one of the few who have escaped from 
the scenes of Eevolutionary France, witli a reputation 
on which there has not alighted the suspicion of a 
crime. Endowed with talents of the fir.:t order — as a 
statesman, orator and poet — not only equal, and as far 
as opportunity admitted of their display, superior to 
any which have appeared in France, he voluntarily 
relinquished the second station in the empire, when he 
could no longer hold it in conformity with the dictates 
of his conscience. He refused a kingdom, unless he 
might be left independent to govern it for the happi- 
ness of his subjects. He preferred living in retirement 
and exile, with the wife of his bosom, to the violation 
of his honor in repudiating her, to become the husband 
of a Queen. 

"N(ar his elbow, on the table, lay an English Work 
on the Prooress of the United States — in whose welfare 



228 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

he is said to take a lively interest. He is a republican 
at bottom. 

"March 22. Kear the Porta Salara, on the North 
East of Eome, we visited the Villa Albani. This is by 
far the most princely country residence that I have 
visited on the continent, and in some respects, perhaps, 
one of the most celebrated. The palace is externally 
elegant in its proportions, and splendid in its decorations; 
aud internally it is all that an Italian villa could be fancied 
to be. Several huudred columns of exquisite marble > 
most pleasing paintings; hundreds of ancient busts and 
statnes and vases, fill its halls, and give one of its wings 
rather the appearance of a splendid museum than the 
ornamental apartments of a private dwelling. 

"Walking through the garden, a fox started from 
one of the marble urns and galloped across the path 
into the shrubbery which bordered it. This little cir- 
cnmstance gives some idea of the useless splendor and 
deserted condition of the villa. 

"March 31. I am happy to have it in my power 
at last to tell you that I have found a villa in the 
most correct and charming taste. It is neither a Car- 
dinal's palace, nor a stiff, antiquated Italian chatean, 
but the country house of Princess Pauline, (Bonaparte 
Borghese) which, for prettiness, exceeds anything I 
have ever beheld. 

"It is a little fairy castle, perfectly neat in all its 
parts, and comes so exactly up to my ideas of taste, that 
I cannot resist the temptation of describing it." 

(A part of the description is here given.) 

"It is situated upon the Esquiline Hill, within the 
walls of Eome, near the ruins of the temple of the 
Vestal virgins, and, perhaps, over the very grave of 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 229 

Rhea Silvia. It is surrounded by a charming garden 
planned by herself, in the modern taste of serpentine 
walks, without clipped yews or artificial fountains. 

"The house is a simple white edifice with green 
shutters. Six small pillars are in front of the vestibule, 
which, pretty as it is, does not entirely convince you 
that you are about to enter the bower of Eden. 



"The door opens into a handsome saloon, whose 
decorations are chiefly white. 

"On the right are three apartments : an Egyptian 
sitting room; a Library, in the painting and curtains 
of which white and pale green are beautifully inter- 
mingled, and all its ornaments most delicately suited to 
the romantic reading of a lady. It is suf^h a room as 
Tibullus and Petrarch might have selected for the 
i'eading of their sonnets. The third room is appropri- 
ated to a marble bath, where the same charming suit- 
ability of ornament prevails. At the head of it, is a 
little statue of Venus rising from the bath, and con- 
fusedly covering herself with her robe; whilst at the 
foot, Hebe pours nectar into a goblet. The paintings 
on the walls represent the stages of the toilet, * 






"The first time I saw the Princess Borghese, sh6 
Was reclining on a sofa, with her feet wrapped in a 
cashmere shawl ; and nothing had the air of mortality 
about her, but the cold that disturbed the melody 
of her ^oice. 



"April 1. I spent the evening at Lucieu Bona- 
P arte's. 



230 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

"I found the Priuc< ss engaged at the moment I 
entered spinning on a little wheel, which she uses for 
her amusement. 

"Among other company that fell in, in the even- 
ning, were two Turks, dressed in the richest costume of 
their country, scarlet robes of cashmere, and striped 
turbans, 

"In the course of conversation, the Prince of 
Canino observed that he could not reside at his Yilla, 
at Frascati, in consequence of insecurity from brigands. 
The Bonapaites are obliged to remain here in a sort of 
parole imprisonment. They are not even suffered to 
send their children ta America. 

"The fears of Emperors are somewhat long in wear- 
ing out. 

"Lucien is an amiable, unassuming man of 
domestic habits, and a literary turn which serves to 
solace his confinement. 

"His wife, an affable Lady, and his whole family 
offer a picture of domestic happiness and social com- 
fort, which is, perhaps, the more delightful from 
being found in the wreck of moral principle, and social 
virtue. 



"April 3. All Kome is animated to-day, because 
the Emperor of Austria is about to enter the City. 



"Saturday, April 10. I went to Canova's work- 
shop, where, among other objects, I saw the Statue of 
Washington, which he is making for the Nortk Caro- 
lina Legislature.* 

*It now stands in front of the State House, at 
Raleigh, N. C. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 231 

■"I fear Cauova's couceptions cannot rise int© 
grandeur, exc&pt when they wanton in tke bolder fields 
•of antiquity. 

"In the portrait of Washington, he has not preserved 
that noble composure and sublime magnanimity which 
sat enthroned on tke countenance of our Hero and 
Sage. 

"The attitude in which he has placed him, is unfor- 
tunate, for, although I might approve, what others 
might condemn ; the Toga, on a modern statesman, I 
•can never admire its posture, which resembles that of 
a painter with the brush in one hand, and canvas in 
the other. 

"The selection of the moment, when as President, 
he had retired to his closet to compose his Farewell 
Address, and declare his design of declining a re-elec- 
tion to the first office in the gift of a free nation, is 
happy in the extreme. But, how! after so happy a 
choice of an act which alone would have stamped his 
whole life with moral grandeur, he could have fixed 
liim in so undignified an attitude, I know not. This is 
a source of mortification to Canova, who observed: 
*The Statue of Washington, is one which I undertake 
with priae and gratification,' 



"April 30. I went to-day to St. Peter's. 
"My visit, like that to the Capitol, was a farewell 
call on what are now grown to be friends." 



It is hoped that these extracts are interesting. 
They might have been very much extended, but it was 



2S2 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

thought that the limits of this work would not allow 
it, and that they might exclude other matter. 



Mr. Somerville took great interest in the contest 
of the South American States for their Independence; 
and in 1820 he received the Commission of Lieutennnt- 
Colonel in the Army of Venezuela, which,, at that time, 
■was one of the "United States of Columbia," and a grant 
of ten thousand acres of land in recognition of his 
services to their cause. 



Genend Juan D'Evreux, Commander of the "For- 
eign Legion of Liberation," was greatly attached to 
him, and under many obligations to him. 

The following, is one of his Letters : 

"Liverpool, 37 March, 1820. 
"My Dear Somerville: 

"You know my heart, and that I should dread an 
acquaintance with myself, could I be capable of in- 
gratitude to the man who has so much befriended me. 
as you have done. 

"I last had the pleasure of writing to you by Mr. 
Burrowes, when I candidly related to you how things 
are with me, and that if Mr. Robert Oliver should be in 
sufficient funds of mine, (which I much fear, he is not) 
that the three hundred and twenty-seven pounds which 
I owe you, would be faithfully discharged, with inter- 
est from the 8th of August, 1818. 

"I have involved myself dreadfully with tliis 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVTLLE. 238 

Legion. The provisioning and chartering the ships — 
equipping and providing the troops — far exceeded the 
calculation I first made, and the Patriot Government, 
as yet, has not contributed one dollar towards defraying 
the enormoas expenses I have been at. Indeed, it was 
too great an undertaking for any one individual, not 
better supported than I have been. 

Enclosed is a Commission* of a Lieutenant 
Colonelcy, if you think proper to join the Venezuelan 
Standard. And also a grant of ten thousand acres of 
land, out of the Territory lately yielded, and made over 
to me. 
*'Adieu, my dear Somerville. 

"Believe me ever to be, 

"Your most warmly attached friend, 

"J, D'EVEEUX, 

•'Wm. C. Somerville, Esquire." 



Another letter is i 

"LONDOJT, 3rd October, 1834. 
"My Dear Major: 

"It pains me beyond measure that I have not had 
it in my power to make you the remittance before now^ 
In truth, it has been utterly out of my power, in conse- 
quence of the payment of all our debentures being sus- 
pended until a written order comes to the Minister, 

*C. B. Tiernan still has these two Documents, 
which are made out on Parchment. 

It is not believed that any effort was ever made to 
recover the land. 



334 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

Hurtaclo, from the Colombian government, to pay us out 
of the new loan lately negotiated here. *=?=*** 

"I only want you to set me the example, and take 
to yourself a good wife — for there is no use of going 
out of this life like a rotten stick without leaving 
something behind us. 

."I wonder how you can resist so long settling your- 
self down ! For me there is some excuse, never having 
had the time to make an impression, and the life I have 
led of turmoil and trouble, forbade my thinking of it 
even. 

"I have passed a most agreeable time in making 
the tour of this Country and of France, with my 
friends, Mr. Eobert Oliver and Mr. Eichard Caton. 

"They both received every possible attention while 
here. 

"I have only parted with them a few days since at 
Holkham, where we met the Duke of Sussex, who en- 
quired after you most particularly. 

"I told his Eoyal Highness that you sent him one 
of your books by me, and I am now getting one bound 
like the others to present to him with your best re- 
spects and compliments. 

"He paid Mr. Oliver and Mr. Caton the most 
marked attention, and gave them a dinner, at which 
he had all his liberal friends to meet them. 

"The Duke of Wellington had them to visit him 
at his seat at Strathfieldsaye. 

"But from being so great an admirer of the gallant 
Duke, as we knew Mr. Oliver to be, he seems rather 
disappointed in the great man, which I rather think, 
must be a disappointment to the Catons. 

"You would be astonished at the change in Mrs. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 255 

Patterson,* who is quiet re-established, and looks as 
lovely as evei*. 

"Miss Caton,t is still the same interesting creature, 
not in the least changed, either in person or manners. 
She inquired after you particularly. 

"Poor Lloyd Kogers seems quite bewildered ; he is 
so delighted with Europe, where all is new and novel 
to him. 

"Fe is now taking your old tour to Italy. 

"Poor O'Maley continues the same solitary hermit 
in the midst of gaiety. He enquired after you in the 
kindest manner, and also Mr. and Mrs. Callaghan. 

"Adieu, my dear Somerville, 

"and believe me to be, 

"Yours most affectionately, 

"J. D'EVREUX." 



Mr. Somerville wrote several woiks which showed 
considerable literary ability. 

His "Letters From Paris, Upon the Causes and 
Consequences of the French Eevolution," pub- 
lished in 1822, 390 pages; and his "Essays By a 
Citizen of Virginia," 400 pages ; are both in the 
Peabody, and Maryland Historical Society's Libraries ; 

*Mrs. Robert Patterson, formerly Miss Mary Caton. 
She married the Marquis of Wellesly, in October, 1825. 

fMiss Elizabeth Caton ; she married Baron Stafford, 
in May, 1836. 



236 WILLIAM C. SOMEEVILLB. 

also a '^Letter Upon the Mode of Choosing the 
President," and several Poetical pieces. 



In regard to the first work, tlie Reverend Jared 
Sparks, the distinguished Historian and Biographer, 
writes to him : 



"Baltimore, June 13, 1823. 
^'My Dear Sir: 

"I hope that yon will pardon me, for not sooner 
acknowledging your very polite and kind attention, in 
sending me your late Work. 

"My occupations were such, that I was not able to 
read it immediately with as much attention as I desired. 

"Allow me to thank you now, for the high gratifi- 
cation which I have from its perusal. 

"I have been especially delighted with the graphic 
and sprightly manner in which you narrate the recent 
political events in France. 

"Indeed, I could not point to particular passages, 
for I have been instructed and entertained With the 
whole. 

"Permit me to hope, that our Literature may 
receive future acquisitions from a person so well able 
to add to its ornaments and riches. 

"With high esteem, 
"I am Sir, 

"YourS) Very Truly, 

"Jared Sparks.'' 



AR'cSiBALt) Hamilton RoWan, the distinguished 



WILLIAM C. SOMERYILLE. 237 

Irish patriot, the Graiulfiither of the present Countess 
of Dulferin, writes to him as follows: 



"Leinster St., Dubli.v, 

"'January 16, 1834:, 
"^'Dear Sir : 

"I received your favor of the 10th of November, 
this day, while I was making- up a parcel for some of 
my Wilmington (Delaware) friends; whose recollec- 
tions of my earlier days spent among them are admira- 
ble restoratives to one who is in his three-score and 
thirteenth year, when most other enjoyments fly from 
his grasp. 

"I shall look with anxiety for the Work which you 
have been so good as to forward to me. 

'•I hope that it will be delivered by a friend to 
whom I can express myself otherwise than on paper, 
for your unwonted compliments: and in whom we may 
retrace, if not the features, yet the mind and manner 
of his friend. 

''That bane of every Country where it has taken 
place, Church establishment connected with Govern- 
ment, and which cannot be gotten rid of except by 
revolution, will keep this Island in turmoil and trouble. 
"England will never grant that equality of citizen- 
ship, which would probably make us one people, and 
their rivals, in industrious arts. 

'•You are free from this curse, but there is another 
excresence which is the Law, by which you also may 
suffer. Its expenses are such, that none but the rich 



238 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

dare sue for justice ; and its advocates beard the- 
Church, and State, and People. 

'•The wet season, at the time of raising the potato^ 
crop for this year's consumption, has rendered that root 
both scarce and bad ; and that being the lowest food 
for man, I dread the ensuing time. 

"England afforded us an immense sum under simi- 
lar circumstances, which was ill, and well spent here ;. 
but it is encouragement for industry^ not benevolence,, 
that we want here. 

"As to the Holy Alliance, it may be interrupted in 
its career by unforeseen events in the jjolitical world. I 
cannot conceive that it will meet with any opposition 
from this quarter; for it is only carrying into effect, 
on an universal system, those principles which have 
been aimed at, in detail, since the accession of the 
present gertleman's grandfather. 

"I beg you to accept the compliments of this 
family, and to believe me to remain, 
"Yours, Very Sincerely, 

"Archibald Hamiltoist Eowan. 

"I am in daily expectation of my Son's return 
from the Archipelago, where he commands the Ship 
'^Cambrian,' to know something of the Greeks. 

"Poor Spain !" 



Mr. Somerville received the following communi- 
cation from The "Uunker Hill Monument Association:" 

It is entirely in Mr. Everett's beautiful handwrit- 
ing- 



william c. somerville. 239 

'Wm. C. Somerville, Esq., 

'^Charge cV affaires, Sc, 

"Westmoreland County, 

"ViRCtINIA. 



^'Boston, March 27, 1825. 
•"Sir:— 

"By order of tlip Standing Committee of The 
Bunker Hill Monument Association, I beg leave to 
inform you, that you were, this day, elected an Houor- 
tiry Member of that institution. 

"Its obj-ect is, by the erection of a permament 
Monument, to commemorate an event highly interesting 
dn its consequences to the cause of American freedom. 
"Should it, as it is hoped, be agreeable to you to be 
thus united with the Association, a Certificate of Mem- 
bership, in due form, will be forwarded to you. 

"Edward Everett, 
"Secretary of the Standing Committee," 



In July, 1825, Mr. Somervillle was appointed by 
President John Quincy Adams, United States Minister 
to Sweden. 



His friend, Edward Ingersoll, of Philadelphia, 
Author of the "Digest of the Laws of the United 
States," &c., writes to him: 

"Philadelphia, August 23, 1825. 
"Dear Colonel : 

"I hoped to see you before the middle of this 



240' WILLIAM C. SOMETtVILLE. 

month, on your transit through this City towards New 
York, where, I suppose, you intended to embark. 

"But, as I have neither heard of your passing 
through, nor seen any mention of your name as a 
passenger in the packets, I must infer that you have 
again deferred your departure. 

"If you are still at Baltimore, or anywhere to- 
which this letter will go, pray, do me the favor to let 
me know whether you have, as I trust, got rid of all the 
doctors, and what are your present prospects as to the 
Mission. 

"I hear that the King of Naples has sent a func- 
tionary of some sort to this Country : some people call 
him the 'Neapolitan Minister,' but I presume he is only 
a Consul General. Yet he may be something higher ; 
and if so, will not a counterpoise be necessarily sent ? 

"Mrs. Livingston, I learn, spoke of this arrival 
with great interest. 

"She made many^and earnest enquiries of Fitzhugb, 
in New York, last week, concerning your estate, the 
number of yojir acres, slaves, &c., and the amount of 
income that can probably be derived by you from them. 
She also expressed deep concern for your accident at 
Bedford, and wondered why the President did not make 
you an 'Envoy' at once. 

"The fair Miss Cora* was much indisposed through 
fatigue and sea sickness. 

*A lady told C. B. Tiernan that she remembere<l 
Mrs. Livingston aid her daughter Cora, very well^ 
indeed. Mrs. Livingston was extremely anxious that 
her daughter should be admired ; and constantly made 
use of the expression : "Grace! Cora: Grace!" 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 241 

"They were going to Saratoga immediately. 

"It is evident that, notwithstanding your refusal to 
make the promise desired of you, Mrs. L. does not con- 
sider the affair as Ly any means at an end. 

"She is, however, much puzzled bet,veen her admi- 
ration of political and literary distinction, which she 
attributes in a large degree to you; and her love of 
wealth, which is not so highly gratified, by her notions 
or your fortune. 

"'The course of true love never did run smooth.' 

"Your recollection of Shakespeare will supply the 
catalogue of crosses to which it is said to be obnoxious. 

"What is to be the end of this affair of the heart 
I cannot foresee, but certainly you have done all that 
the most generous spirit could dictate ; and more than 
I should have been disposed to do, unless I underrate 
my own chivalry. 

"Your journey to New Orleans, was a sacrifice on 
your part, that deserved any sacrifice in return. 

Mrs. L. has, however, been dreaming of a match 
for her daughter, such as this country does not afford ; 
uniting great wealth, with exalted character ; two things, 
that somehow or another, are generally separated in 
these United States. 

"Yet, I believe, she would lament very seriously the 
loss of all hope of eventually securing you for her 
son-in-law. 

"I wish sincerely, this Neapolitan arrival, may 
induce the President to send you thither, with suitable 
diplomatic rank. But, I can't but fear he will wait 
for Congress to make an appropriation. 

"I'o you know where Appletou went? He was 
induced somehow to give up his Secretaryship at 



542 _ WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

London, to one of Rnfus King's sons, aud was des- 
patched elsewhere. Can it have been to Naples ? 

"Mr. Clay has been so long absent, that I know 
nothing of the proceedings at Headquarters. 

''If yon go to the Kingdom of the Groths and Van- 
dals this season, you should, to avoid a rough sea, 
embark soon. 

"If you pass through Philadelphia, pray, let me 
see you ? 

"Or do you go to Saratoga ? 

"Yours Truly, 

"Edward Ingersoll. 
'■W. C. Somerville, Esq." 



Another Letter from Mr. Ingersoll, is : 

"Philadelphia, December 22, 1825. 
"Dear Somerville: 

"I was so much surprised and grieved the other 
day, in reading a paragraph in one of the papers, 
stating that you were so much indisposed at Paris, as 
to be unable to proceed towards the South for the 
Winter, as you had intended, that I cannot forebear 
from expressing my uneasiness on the subject. 

"It will be long before I can have an answer, but 
pray, tell me, what is the matter with you ? is it only, 
as I could not but hope, that you are playing old 
soldier! and are indisposed to leave the charming 
society of Paris? or has the unfortunate blood vessel, 
again given you trouble ? 

"I shall be exceedingly gratified by hearing from 
you, whenever you can find leisure to write. 

"The packages for the Queen of Sweden, did not 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 243 

get to Washington until after your departure; your 
note from the Steamboat not having reached me till 
the day after it was written. 

"Mr. Clay said that he would forward the package 
to you. 

"Your friends, Mrs. and Miss Livingston, are pass- 
ing the early part of the winter at Xew York, to accus- 
tom themselves, I 2irtisume, to a cold climate, and pre- 
pare gradually for Sweden. 

"I understood Hughes,* that he had taken a 
house for you at Stockholm 

"You will not take possession of it, till the summer. 

"Mr. King has just got through the Senate, not 
without difficulty, and the on dit, is, that Crawford is 
going to Panama, but of the news, you will get more 
information from the papers, than I can give you. 

"AVe are all quiet and dull in politics and litera- 
ture. 

"You see there are abundant projects for improv- 
ing the mode of electing Presidents, but none yet 
offered is so good as yours. 

"Everett'sf address, on his presentation to Ferdi- 
nand the Seventh, has excited much animadversion, it 
was unfortunate, certainly, and in bad taste, to be so very 
unnecessarily affectionate and respectful to the King. 

"I shall not be suprised, if it induces the House of 
Representatives, to cut down the Mission at Madrid, to 

*Christupher Hughes left Stockholm, 15th July, 
1825, having been appointed Charge d'affaires to the 
Netherlands, with special instructions. 

fAlexander Hill Everett, Minister to Spain, elder 
brother of Edward Everett. 



344 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

a Charge concern. Even the friends of Mr. Adams 
and of Everett, bhuiie his language. 

"Pray, take care not to offend the Republicans, by 
too much civility to the King of Sweden. 
"Very Truly Yours, 

"Edward Ingersoll. 
"W. C. Somerville, Esq." 



He was the warm personal friend of Lafayette, who 
vras in the United States, in 1824 and 1825, as the 
Honored Guest of the Nation. 

On September 29, 1825, when Lafayette sailed for 
France, on the U. S. Frigate Brandy wine, Mr. Somerville 
accompanied him. 



Mr. Somerville's health was failing at this time, 
<ind he died shortly after reaching France. 



His Last Will and Testament is dated 



"Paris, December 20, 1825," and is witnessed by 
General d'Evreux, James Brown, Envoy Extraordinary 
and Minister Plenipotentiary of the LTnited States, at 
Paris, and others ; and is certified to, by them, as well 
as by Mr. S. C. Barnet, Consul of the U. S. at Paris, 
and by the Secretary of the Legation of the II. S. at 
Madrid, who was at that time in Paris, and others. 

He leaves bis property, principally, to his brother, 
Henry V. Somerville, after the payment of all his just 
debts — upon several conditions — among them : 

"2nd. That, in consideration of the Commercial 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 245 

misfortune of Mr. Cumberland Dugan Williams, he 
shall secure in tmst to our mutual friend, Mrs. C. D. 
Williams (who was Miss Elizabeth Piuknej, the eldest 
daughter of the Hon. William Pinkney), the sum of 
Five thousand dollars; to be disposed of by her dur- 
ing coverture, only by Wil!, except in case any of her 
children should be grown up, and she should wish to 
bestow the legacy upon them, that she may do it. 

"In case of widowhood, it is to be at her immediate 
disposal. 

"3d. That as the existence of Slavery is an evil 
that I deprecate ; and wish to mitigate, as far as is 
consistent with justice to my brother. 

"I direct that he shall set free my negro slaves 
after they shall have served the periods hereinafter 
specified. 

"All those over thirty-five, when they shall have 
attained the age of forty-two. 

"All between thirty and thirty-five, when they are 
forty. 

"All between twenty-five anrl thirty, when they are 
thirty-six. 

"All between fifteen and twenty, when they are 
thirty-two ; and all under fifteen, when they shall 
have (the males) attained the age of twenty-eight, and 
(the females) twenty-five. 

"N. B. — Jacob, whom I bought, is not to be in- 
cluded in the above, but in justice to the others, he 
must pay partly for himself ; he must pay the sum of 
one hundred and fifty dollars to my brother — and this 
I supposed he is prepared to do, as he wanted to pay 
me $100.00, in part, before I left home. 



246" WILLIA5I C. 80MERVILLE^ 

"It is my wish and request of my brother, that he 
shall see that the negroes are never ill-treated, and that 
he shall render their situation as comfortable as he- 

OMTl Jp ^ ^ * 5p 

"This Will has been most hastily written, and 
therefore my Brother must interpret it liberally. 

"I am so weak from bad health, that it is painful 
for me to write. ******" 



He had always been on the most intimate terms of 
personal friendship, with the Marquis De Lafayette ; 
and the following letters from Lafayette, to H. V. 
Somerville, are an evidence of the high consideration in 
which he was held, and the warm attachment which 
existed between them. 



"Me, Somerville, 

"Baltimore. 

"La Grange, January 20, 1826. 
"My Deae Sir: — 

"It is to me a very painful, but a sacred duty, to 
be among the first to convey the dire information of 
your having lost an excellent Brother, and I, a much 
valued friend, who on the last moment has honored me 
with an additional and most precious mark of his affec- 
tion. 

"You know that during our passage, and since our 
arrival in France, the health of Mr. Somerville has 
been declining. 

"However anxious he was, to fulfill his Honorable 
Mission, he found himself forcibly detained in Paris; 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 247 

nor could he even meet our invitation to await better 
times in the bosom of our Family, and when his pliysi- 
■cian yielded to his importunities to let him proceed to 
the South, every Hope to save him had been given up. 

"An account of the lamentable event will be trans- 
mitted by the proper authorities. 

<'I shall confine myself to his expressed intention 
to entrust us at La Grange, with the care of his mortal 
remains. 

"This affecting wish had been in a recent interview, 
mentioned with a most friendly earnestness, and was 
repeated to Dr. Lucas on the very day of his death. 

"Amidst the deep feelings of affection, no time was 
lost, and while my son remained here to watch over the 
precious charge, I hastened to consult with the Minister 
and other officers of the United States in Paris, on the 
method by which duty, respect and affection towards 
him might best be gratified— their joint opinion being 
that the Cemetery where two of my grandchildren are 
deposited, was the proper place. 

"But our enquiries respecting the Religious persua- 
sion to which Mr. Somerville belonged, having proved 
fruitless, we concluded to avoid everything that could 
give uneasiness to any American creed. 

"The respected Remains, which Charles Barnet had 
brought from Auxerre, were deposited in my House, 
and from there accompanied by the Consul, Mr. 
Barnet, and by Mr. Hawley of New York, by the 
Mayor of this Commune,. sev£ral invited neight-ors, a 
mourning concourse of people, and both of us, were 
taken to a grave next to that where lies my Son's 
daughter. 

"Although uncertain as we were of his Religious 



348 WILLIAM C. SOMEEVILLE-. 

persuasion, we made it a point of delicacy towards his 
family uot to wish entering a Roman Catholic Church ; 
we thought there was in one case an act of propriety^ 
and no impropriety in every other case, to accept the 
offer of the Minister of the Parish, to meet us on the 
ground and say those prayers to which no Protestant 
can have an objection. 

*'We are taking measures, to become by an ex- 
change, sole owners of the whole spot ; thereby annex- 
ing it to the farm ; when a grave, a plain monument, 
and an iiiscription will consecrate our affection and 
gratitude. 

"And now, my dear Sir, it remains for me to apolo- 
gize for these details, which, painful as they are, it has 
appeared necessary to lay before you and other members 
of the family. Should anything having been wanting 
unintentionally, in our performance with the advice of 
the American public officers here, what we have thought 
most consonant to your lamented Brother's and your 
own views ; at least there has been no deficiency in our 
feeling; and in our eagerness on the deplorable occa- 
sion to do for the best. 

"Be pleased to accept the affectionate condolences 
and high regard of two sympathising friends, my Son 
and myself, to whom my whole family beg to be 
joined. 

"Lafayette." 



The following is an extract from H. V. Somer- 
ville's reply. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 2VJ 

"New Orleans, May 23, 18-26. 
"My Beloved Sir: 

"An absence of nearly six months from my native 
State, has prevented me from receiving your affectionate 
letter of Ihe 28th of January, until a few days since, 
and an opportunity now offering to Havre, I beg leave 
to express to you the sincerity of my gratitude for 
the kind and parental attentions you have shown to 
my unfortunate Brother. 

"Believe me. Sir, and I speak in the name of our 
friends generally, that a recollection of the sympathies 
you cherish, and the kind oflBces you have rendered the 
estimable subject, whose fate we all lament, is among 
the most gratifying reflections which now console us, 
under so painful a dispensation of Providence. 

"You mentioned your intention to erect a plain 
and respectable monument over his grave. * * 

"But, my good Sir, is not this more than either he 
or we could expect, even from you ; and as highly as I 
value the honor you propose, may I not be permitted to 
remit to you the cost of the Tomb. ***** 

"May not I, as the only living representative of my 
family, be allowed to thank you most fervently and 
sincerely for all the kindnesses, you have felt and 
shown towards him, who, I am happy to beaeve, was 
in some measure worthy of them. 

"I am grieved that you should have felt any deli- 
cacy in regard to the last manifestations of religious 
respect. 

"My brother was educated a member of the 
Episcopal Church, and possessed principles of sincere 
Peligion, with a high respect for every denomination of 



250 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

Christians, without being attached to the ceremonies of 
anv. ***** 

"With sentiments of affectionate feeling, 
"I am, dear Sir, Yours Truly, 

"H. V. SOMERVILLE." 



Another letter from Lafayette is as follows: 

"'Henry V. Somerville, Esq., 

"Baltimore, 

"State of Maryland. 

"Paris, January 30, 1827. 
"My Dear Sir:— 

"Your affectionate answer has afforded me a deep, 
though melancholy gratification. 

"I shall ever lament the loss of your excellent 
Brother. 

"Ever shall I remember with gratitude the wish 
he had expressed to connect his last Mansion with the 
Habitation of La Grange, and the assent you have been 
pleased to give our arrangements. 

"In consequence of an exchange made with the 
inhabitants of the Commune, under the sanction of the 
local and superior authorities, the Burying ground has 
become onr family property, and a part of the estate ; 
so that nothing can hereafter trouble us in the posses- 
sion and management of it. 

"That matter, I beg, you will kindly leave to us, 
and I have the Honor to enclose a copy of the inscrip- 
tion in both languages, 

"I beg, my Dear Sir, you will accept the best 
wishes and grateful regard of your sincere friend, 

"Lafayette." 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 



251 



The inscriiDtion is 



"William Clarke Somerville. 



"Citoyen cles Etats Uuis 
de I'Amerique dn JSFord 
Etat de Maryland, Eepre- 
sentant du Gouvernement 
de son Pa^s, pour une 
mission diplomatique, il 
nionrut a Auxerre le 5 
Janvier, 1826. 

"II avait exprime le 
desir d'etre inhume dans 
le lien de Sepulture des 
habitans de La Grange. 

"Ce voeu f ut accompli 
avec Reconnaissance le 19 
Janvier, 1827, par son 
ami Le General Lafa- 
yette." 



"Citizen of the United 
States of North America, 
State of Maryland, while 
on a diplomatic mission 
from the Government of 
his Country, he departed 
this life at Auxerre, on 
the 5th of January, 1826. 

"He had expressed a 
desire to be interred in the 
burying ground of the in- 
habitants of La Grange. 

"That kind wish has 
been gratefully fulfilled 
on the 19tli of January, 
by his friend, General 
Lafayette." 



Some time after his death, his brother handed 
many of his papers to Robert Gilmor. Sr., for preserva- 
tion. 

The following is Mr. Gilmors acknowledgement 
of them. 

"Wednesday Morninc4. 
"My Dear Sir: 

"I opened your valuable i)acquet, as soon as you 
left me this morning, and the more I examined the 



252 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

interesting letters it contained, the more my obligation 
to you increased upon my mmd. 

"Indeed, I fear that you have robbed yourself of 
some letters which your descendants might hereafter 
value highly, as being addressed to their Uncle ; and 
so com2:)limentary, too, to his talents and patriotism. 

''Should you have, on reflection, any wish to recall 
them, I beg that you will do so without hesitation, and 
that as soon as you fjlease : lest they should be merged 
in my arrangements of my Autographs, and disfigured 
by my inscriptions. 

"It is my present intention to leave them at my 
death (if not deposit them before) to the Baltimore 
Library, where they will be more likely to be preserved 
for a long period, than in any private family, under our 
republican system of a division of property; so that 
should you choose to leave them with me, they can at 
all times be referred to, by any member of your family ; 
and they are likely, thus situated, to become more 
generally known, than when locked up) in your own 
Secretary. 

•'You make the exception of Lafayette's letter. 
Now, there are several, in the parcel which you left 
with me. 

"I only, however, return you enclosed, the one 
containing the inscription of your brother's Tomb, at 
La Grange, presuming t'-'at, that is the letter referred 
to. 

"If I am mistaken, and you meant all Lafayette's 
letters were to be returned, let me know — as I have 
others of the General of my own, which will sefve as 
specimens. 

"My best respeects to your good lady, and tell her 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 258 

to take good care of herself ; and not expose herself to 
cold, as it may produce inflammatory symptoms, and 
bring on the prevailing disease of peripneumonia, which 
is insidious, and tends to inflammation of the lungs. 
Vegetable diet and diaphoretics are the best remedies. 
"My physician does not indulge me in higher luxu- 
ries for my dinner than rice and milk, and tea and dry 
toast, for my breakfast. 

*'Your obliged servant, 

"Robert Gilmok. 
*'H. V. Somerville, Esq." 



William Gilmor of William, told C. B. Tiernan 
that a large part of the papers of his great-uncle, the 
late Eobert Gilmor, Sr., had been purchased by the 
Smithsonian Institution, in AVashington. 



Mr. Somerville had become engaged to be married 
to Miss Cora Livingston, daughter of Hon. Edward 
Livingston, Secretary of State, under Jackson. 

After Mr. Somerville's death, his brother wrote to 
Mr. Livingston, offering to return his daughter's letterS) 
and received the following reply: 

"Washington, 12 April, 1828. 
"Sir : 

"I have received, and sincerely thank you, for your 
obliging letter. 

"Those, you so delicately offer to return, may be 



254 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

enclosed to me, or destroyed, at your option, or indeed, 
kept, if you prefer it. 

"Your brother occupied so high a place in our 
regard ; and is still so sincerely lamented by u.s, in 
common with his other friends,, that we cannot but 
participate largely in the emotions you describe as 
being caused by the receipt of his papers, which must 
have recalled strongly to your mind the loss you had 
sustained. 

"I pray yo-u, Sir, to excuse the delay in answering, 
your letter, which has been entirely unavoidable. 
"I am, with great respect, 

"Your most obedient servant, 

"Edw. Livingston, 
"h. v. somerville, esq."' 



In the Spring of 1896, G. B. Tiernan received, 
through the kindness of Mr. Henry Du Bellet, United 
States Consul at Rheims, and his family, communica- 
tions from the Marquis de Lasteyrie, great grandson of 
Lafayette, and the present representative of the family ; 
and who was also Mayor of Courpalay, in the Depart- 
ment of Seine et Marne, and also from Monsieur de 
Eobez, the Deputy Mayor, in regard to the restoration 
of the Tomb of Mr. Somerville. 

This matter was most kindly attended to by the 
Marquis de Lasteyrie. 

Some extracts from his letters are here given. 



The first letters were in French ; but the 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 255 



later ones in English, of which hinguage he is also a 
TO aster : 



-'ClHAS. B. TiERNAN, Esq., 

"11 E. Lexington St, 

"Baltimore. 
■"123 Rue De Grenelle, 
"March 25, 1896, 
"Dear Sir: — 

"Since I was in receipt of your kind letter of Feb- 
ruary 28, enclosing a postal order for fifty francs, I 
have been studying the question of the transfer of the 
remains of your relative, Mr. Somerville, from the old 
cemetery where they now lay, to the family bnrial place 
in the parish churchyard. 

"The expense of transfer will amount to 220 
francs, including all lepairs to the tomb, iron railing, 
&c. * * 

"Pending your instructions on this point, I shall 
give instructions for everything to be ready for the 
ceremony, which I shall attend with my wife and 
children, when we go down to La Grange for the Easter 
holidays. 

"^I remain, 

"Dear Sir, 

"Yours Trnly, 

"Lasteyrie."^ 



256 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

Another is : — 

"La Grange, 

"courtpalat. 

"Seine-et Marne, 

"May 11, 1896. 
"Dear Mr. Tiernan: 

"I have delayed answering yonr kind letter of 
April 23 — with 100 francs enclosed — in order to inform 
you at the same time, that your wishes have been 
carried out. 

"On April 7, the grave of your distinguished 
relative was opened in my presence. * * * 

"With due respect these remains were placed in a 
new coffin which had been prepared, and assisted by the 
parish priest, the nuns of our convent school, and the 
local authorities, we carried them to their present rest- 
ing places in the cemetery. 

"Pending your instructions, the stone had not been 
erected on the grave, but this will be done in a few 
days ; as I gave this morning necessary instructions for 
the re-engraving of the old inscription, and the engrav- 
ing of the following one below : 



"La translation des restes de Mr. W. C. Somerville, 
dans le lieu de sepulture actuel des habitans de La- 
grange, a ete faite le 6 Avril, 1896, par les soins du 
Marquis de Lasteyrie, maire avec le concours genereux 
de Mr. C. B. Tiernan, allie a la famille Somerville. 



"The two little tomb-stones I mentioned in a former 
letter, were equally transferred, and the three graves 



WILLIAM C. SOMEKVILLE. 257 

now occupy the same relative position as they did for- 
merly. 

"Hoping these arrangements will meet with your 
approbation, and Avith renewed thanks for your gener- 
ous contributions, 
"I remain, 

"Dear Mr. Tiernan, 

"Yours truly, 

"Lasteyrie."' 



"123, EuE DE Grenelle, 

"January 14, 1897. 
"Dear Sir: 

"I ought to have answered sooner, your kind letter 
of November 28th, and thank you for the most interest- 
ing papers you were good enough to send me. 

"As you may suppose, anything from your side 
of the water is always received with interest at La 
Grange. * * * 

"If ever your wanderings bring you to France^ 
pray do not forget us. 

"I should much like to show you La Grange, and 
take you for a pilgrimage to your relative's tomb. 

"Hoping that we may meet, some how, some day, 
"I remain, Dear Sir, 

"Yours Truly, 

"Lasteyrie." 



Madame la Marquise writes : 

"225, Rue De l'Uniyersitb. 

"31st December, 1899, 
"My Dear Mr. Tiernan : 

"I would have thanked you sooner for your kind 
thought of me, and pretty Souvenir. 



358 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

"It was very good of you to have remembered 
your French friends at this time of the year ! 

"You must let me wish you every happiness in 
1900; many good New Years; and that all you wish 
may come to pass in time. 

"This is not a very Merry Christmas to me ; nor, 
alas ! to any English person ; we have so many friends 
and near relations in this horrid war ; and the anxiety 
weighs heavily on those at home. May God send Eng- 
land a brighter New Year than '99. 

"My husband joins me in every kind remembrance 
and good wish to yourself, and with my renewed hearty 
thanks. 

"Believe me, My Dear Mr. Tiernan, 
"Yours, Very Sincerely, 

"Marie de Lasteyrie." 



ViRGiisriE DE Lafayette, the youngest daughter 
of Lafayette, married the Marquis de Lasteyrie. 

He was an officer in the French army, but on 
account of the republican principles of the Lafayette 
family, his advancement in rank did not correspond 
with his merits. 

At the beginning of the French Eevolution, the 
nobility were driven from France, and he went to Ire- 
land, where he married. His wife's father was secre- 
tary to Lord Cornwallis, at that time Lord Lieutenant 
of Ireland, and his wife was born in the Vice Regal 
Lodge, Phoenix Park, Dublin. Their son entered the 
Diplomatic service of France. The male line of the 
family of Lafayette having died out, the present Mar- 
quis is the head of this Family. 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 259 

His wife, La Marquise, in a granddaughter of 
the Duke of Leinster, formerly "Irehmd's ouly Duke," 
and sustains the reputation of that family for beauty 
and intelligence, united with the most charming gra- 
ciousness and hospitality. 

The grandmothers of the Marquis and Marquise 
were sisters, and, on account of this relationship, it was 
necessary to send to Eome for a dispensation for them 
to be married. 

They have two sons: Louis, named after his 
father, 21 years of age, who is in the army, and Guy, 
19 years of age, who is studying for Diplomatic life. 



La Grange is about forty miles from Paris, and 
is reached from the Gare de I'Est, Boulevard de Stras- 
bourg. It is about eight miles from the town of Ver- 
neuil I'Etang. 

C. B. Tiernan paid a most delightful visit there 
in August, 1899. 

On August 18, 1900, he again went out to call, 
and took a carriage from Nangis. As he approached 
the Chateau, he met the Marquis de Lasteyrie upon his 
bicycle, on his way to Courpalay, and was welcomed in 
the most affectionate manner. At the Chateau, Mad- 
ame de Lasteyrie also receivtd hini most cordially. 
She immediately told him to send away the carriage, as 
he w^as to stay all night ; and said, "I am hanging pic- 
tures in the drawing room, and I want you to help me-. 
This is a funny way to receive you, but I regard you 
as a member of the family." 

The walls of one of the rooms had just been cov- 
ered with a kind of green damask, in which honey- 
suckles were stamped. The picture that -was hung 



260 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE. 

opposite the door into it, was : A Scene at the Barri- 
cades in Paris, in 1830, by Ary Scheffer. 

On this occasion, the Marquis gave C. B. Tiernan 
the large photograph from which this picture is taken. 

The decoration in the button hole, is that of the 
Legion of Honor. 

He also gav^e him permission to speak of his visit, 
and to give publicity to it, which, of course, could not 
have been done without such permission. 

On Sunday C. B. Tiernan went to church at Cour- 
palay, with the family, and in the evening was driven 
to Verneuil by Monsieur Louis de Lasteyrie, after two 
days of kindness and hospitality, for which he will 
ever be grateful. 



La trrange is a noble property, comprising 400 
hectares, that is nearly a thousand acres, requiring the 
labor of forty persons and twenty-five horses. 

The Chateau dates back eight hundred years, and 
is a Chateau Fort. It is of cut stone and had six large 
towers, between two of which was the drawbridge over 
the moat, where is now the principal entrance.. The 
centre tower was taken down upwards of a hundred 
years ago, to open up the court yard, which is the 
present drive. 

AVhat is left of the moat is stocked with carj), and 
there is a little island in it which has a bower and sev- 
eral hundred varieties of roses planted on it. 

Among the outbuildings is a church, which had 
been disused before the Eevolution, and is now used as 
a barn for hay ; there is a clock on the face of it which 
has a remarkably loud and clear tone. 

On the ground floor are the Hall and Dining Room. 




/^*j,x-rt »*^«. - c/^tj^^x/^-ycf^ 





^x^ 



y — z^ 



WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLE, 263 

In the dining room is a very handsome portrait of one 
of his ancestors, Philippe de Chabot, Admiral of France, 
under Francis I. It was to him that France owed the 
colonization of Canada. His tomb was moved during 
the Revolution, and is now in the Louvre. 

Apiong the rooms on the first floor are the Drawing 
Rooms and the Library. 

The Library is quite a fine one. The accumulation 
of books is so large, that they are put in double rows 
upon the shelves. 

Mons. de Lasteyrie handed C. B. Tiernan, to read 
in his room, "Lafayette on the American Revolution,'' 
by C. Tower, Jr., a handsome work in two volumes 
Avhich had been presented to him by the Author; and 
"The Household of the Lafayette's," by E. Sickel. 

The portrait of Lafayette, by Ary Scheffer, is oppo- 
site the head of the stairs — the duplicate of it is in the 
Capitol at Washington. The bust of Lafayette, belong- 
ing to the Marquis, was at the Paris Exposition. It 
had formerly stood in front of the Church of the 
Invalides, and was removed in 1840, to make room for 
the procession, when the ashes of Napoleon were 
brought from St. Helena. 

Among the portraits in the hall are those of Lord 
and Lady Ormonde, General, and Lord and Lady 
Landaff, one of Louis XV, when about 25 years of age, 
and others. 

The Princess Marie d'Orleans, daughter of Louis 
Philippe, spent a great deal of her time at La Grange, 
and died there. 

She was an accomplished sculptress ; and her 
studio, and some of her works, and her tools, and the 



2'64 WILLIAM C. SOMERVILLK 

mask of lier face, which was taken after her death, a^e 
sometimes shown to visitors. 

The mother of the Marquis died July 7, 1899, and 
C. B. Tiernan was shown the roam she had occupied. 

Among the engravings, was one of "Carton," the 
residence of the Duke of Leinster, near Dublin, which 
was the architectural model of the White House, at 
Washington. 

The room and large dressing room assigned to C, 
B. Tiernan, were on the second floor, that is, the third 
floor from the ground. In the Hall, outside, were 
engravings of Perry's Victory on Lake Erie; McDon- 
ongh's Victory on Lake Champlain; the capture of the 
Mac< donian by Decatar, and other American subjects. 

The grounds are remarkably well wooded with 
ash, fir, pine, chestnut, beach, poplar, catalpa, etc. 
Lafayette planted many American trees, which were 
presented to him by his American admirers, and on 
one occasion, at a time of agricultural distress, he 
gave employment to a large number of laborers, in 
planting with trees, a good deal of marshy ground, a 
short distance from the Chateau. 

Long lines of trees are planted like a wall, on 
either side of the road, in some places; while in other 
places, there are circles from which the paths radiate,^ 
under the trees, like the points of stats. 

This beantiful place and its charming family form 
a most attractive link between the present and the past, 
the Eepublic of France and the Aucien Kegime. 



SOMERVILLE. 265 

William C. Somerville had a handsome Work in 
tw3 Volumes, called the ''Memorie of the Baronial 
House of Somerville," by James, Elev^enth Lord 
Somerville. 

It was published in 1815, and there is a long 
review of it, in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine 
for May, 1817. Both are in the Peabody Library. 

The Editor of the Magazine says : "This Work is 
edited by that indefatigable writer, Mr. Walter Scott." 
(He was made a Baronet in 1820.) 

The Editor says of the Author of the Book, that 
"his Father and Grandfather declined assuming a 
Title, which the decayed state of their fortune seemed 
unable to support." 



Mrs. S. Robertson Matheson, Honorary Secretary 
of the Clan Donnachaidh, at Glendevon, Scotland, 
writes: 

"August 18, 1900. 
"Dear Mr. Tiernan: 

"I have just seen in 'Mclan's Costumes of the 
Clans,' that 'Someryille-McAllister, of Kennox, is 
the representative of the ancient Chiefs of McAllister.' 
I find many allusions to Somerville, elsewhere. The 
Lords Somerville seem to have lived at Cowthally 
Castle, by Carnvvath. This seat of theirs was 'noted for 
hospitality beyond any other house in Scotland. They 
often had the Kings as guests,' and it was small wonder 



,266 SOMERVILLE. 

their estates melted away. There is a Som?rvi]le aisle 
in the Collegiate Church at Carnwath. * * * * 
"Yours, faithfully, 

"S. R. Matheson". 

Eoclosed was a piece of heather, the badge of the 
McAllisters. 



Wm. C. Somerville wrote the following in his copy : 

"1. James Somerville, son of Lord Somerville 
of Cambusnethan, married a daughter of Inglis of 
Inglistown, and settled on the estate of Kennox, in 
Ayrshire. He was the great-great-grandfather of the 
present (1818,) Somervilles of Maryland and North 
Carolina. 

"2. His son. the Second of Kennox, married a 
daughter of Sir Archibald Fleming, of Fenn, in Lan- 
arkshire, who was of the family of the Earl of Wigton- 
Her mother. Lady Fleming, was a daughter of Stewart 
of Scottstown, a son of Stewart of Blackball in Renfew- 
shire. Her grandmother was a daughter of Col<iuhoun 
of Lus.^, in Dumbartonshire, the Laird who had the 
famous feud with the McGregor's (see Note to "The 
Lady of the Lake.") Her great grandmother was a 
daughter of Stirling of Kier in Stirlingshire. 

"3. His son, James Somerville, the Third of Ken- 
nox, married a daughter of Montgomerie of Asloas, a 
son of Montgomerie of Broomlands, Ayrshire, a 
descendant of Lord Montgomerie of Lanoun, ancestor 
of the Earls of Eglington : his mother was a daughter 
of Sir Robert Barclay of Lierston ; Mrs. Somerville's 



SOMERVILLE. 267 

mother was a sister of the hite (1795,) Sir Walter Mont- 
gomerie of Kisteuholme, whose estate has come to Sir 
Walter Moiitgomerie Cunninghame, Lord Lyle. Mrs. 
Somerville's grandmother was a daughter of Corbet of 
■Toleross, in Lanarkshire, and her great grandmother 
of Kincaid of Anchinsack. 

"This James Somerville, the Third of Kennox, left 
several children, none of whom, excejat a daughter, 
Margaret, who married McDonald ; and William and 
John left any issue, 

"Another son, James Somerville, died at Somer- 
ville, in New Jersey, a Bachelor.* 

"L William, the Fourth of Kennox, married a 
daughter of Porterfield of Haplands, in Ayrshire, 
whose mother was a daughter of Cunninguame of Craig- 
lauds, in Keufewshire, a cadet of the Earl of Glencairn. 
He left no son, and one of his daughters married Col- 
onel McAllister, who has united the name of Somer- 
ville, to his own, and now resides at Kennox, where 
I visited the family in September, 1818, and copied the 
above genealogy. 

*The "Historical Collections of the State of New 
Jersey," says: 

"The Village of Somerville, is of modern date. 
At the time of the Kevolution, there were but three 
or four dwellings here. A tavern stood on the site 
of The Somerville House. It was made the County 
seat of Somerset County, after the burning of the 
Court House at Millstone, by the British, in October, 
1779.'' 

It is believed that it was founded by, and named 
after, James Somerville. 



268 SOMERVILLE. 

"4. John, the second sou of James, and the bro- 
ther of William, the Laird of Keiniox, emi rated to 
America, iu the reigu of George the Second, and settled 
as a merchant in Maryland. He married a daughter of 
Colonel George Clarke of Bloomsbury, in St. Mary's 
County, who, with his family, were exiled from North 
Britain in consequence of their devotion to the house 
of Stewart, in the Rebellion. 

(Scotland, after the Union with England in 1707, 
was called North Britain, during the last century.) 

"John Somerville, after the death of Colonel Clarke, 
purchased the estate from the other heirs, and became 
a planter. He died in 1788, leaving three sons: John 
Somerville, born December 6, 1754, moved to North 
Carolina, where he married, in August, 1773, Mary 
Goodloe, daughter of John Goodloe, and died Novem- 
ber 18, 1806, leaving a family. 

"William Somerville and George Somerville." 



"George Somerville, the youngest son, served as a 
surgeon, under Dr. Benjamin Rush, iu the Revolution- 
ary Army, and died unmarried. 

His Certificate, in the handwriting of Dr. Rush, is 
in the possession of C. B. Tiernan. 

It is as follows: 

"I do hereby certify that Mr. George Somerville 
lived with me fifteen months as an apprentice, during 
which time, he was studious and faithful. 

"In consequence of my accepting the office of Phy- 



SOMERVILLE. 269 

sician General, in the Military hospitals of the United 
States, in the year 1777, he accepted the office of mate 
in said hospitals, in which capacity he acted with 
integrity, industry and humanity. 

"He hath attended two courses of my lectures upon 
Chemistry and the practice of Physic with the greatest 
diligence and punctuality. 

"I beg leave, therefore, to recommend him as a 
young gentleman of great worth, and properly qualified 
to practice Physic and Surgery : in which business, I 
sincerely wish him success, reputation, and happiness. 

"Given under my hand at Philadelphia, this 8th 
day of March, 1780. 

"Benj. Rush, &c., &c., &c." 



"7%e Illustrated London JVeivs" for September 10, 
1870, has the following obituary Notice : 

"Lord Somerville. 

"The Right Honorable Aubrey John Somerville, 
Nineteenth Lord Somerville, in the Peerage of Scotland, 
died August 28, 1870, at his seat, Somerville Aston, 
near Evesham. 

"His Lordship was born February 1, 1838, and 
was the fourth son of the late Hon. and Rev. William 
Somerville, Rector of Barford, in Warwickshire, and 
succeeded to the family honors in 18G8, at the decease 
of his cousin Hugh, Eighteenth Lord, who was killed 
while hunting in Leicestershire. 

"The nobleman, whose death w-e record, was never 



370 SOMERVILLE. 

married ; and as his brothers are dead without issue, 
the title conferred in 1430, upon Thomas de Somer- 
ville, Ambassador to England, becomes dormant, if not 
extinct." 



Thomas T. Somerville, the grandson of John 
Somerville, who settled in North Carolina, is the legiti- 
mate heir to this title. 

He asserted his claim to it, and proved his descent, 
and employed Council in London and Edinburgh, to 
represent him. 

He wrote to C. B. Tiernan that a retaining fee of 
$1,500.00 had been requested from him, and as he had 
come out of the Civil War in moderate circumstances, 
he had concluded to abandon the prosecution of his 
suit. 



William Somerville, born December 25, 1755, 
married Elizabeth Hebb, May 1, 1788: He died Decem- 
ber 29, 1806, aged 51. 

Elizabeth Hebb was the eldest daughter of Colonel 
Vernon Hebb, of Porto Bello, in St. Mary's County, 
and Anna Hopewell, his wife, daughter of Hugh 
Hopewell, of Town Creek. 

She was born November 22, 1770; died November 
2, 1792, aged 22 years 

Colonel Vernon Hebb, was a very prominent and 
respectable citizen of St. Mary's County. 

He was a member of the "Council of Safety" dur- 
ing the Eevolution, and filled other positions of trust 
and importance. 

Journal and Correspondence of the Council of 
Safety, Maryland Archives, Vols. 12, &c. 



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SOMERVILLE. 273 

Wm. Somerville, was an extensive and wealthy 
planter. He had three children, Elizabeth, born 1789, 
married George Plater, eldest son of Governor Plater, 
of Maryland, and died young, leaving one daughter, 
Anna Eliza Plater, who died November 20, 1820. 

Governor Plater's Bible is now in the possession of 
C. B. Tiernan. 

William Clarke Somerville, and Henry Vernon 
Somerville, mentioned above. 



C. B. Tiernan has the original Inventory of Slaves, 
of William Somerville, made on the 10th day of March, 

1807. 



A reduced fac simile of the first page is here given. 

The number of slaves is about one hundred and 
fifty ; and their appraised value $23,696.00. 

Also, the following letter from Honorable Lang- 
don Cheves, to H. V. Somerville: 

"Washington, 30th November, 1827. 
"Sir : 

"It would give me very great pleasure to reply to 
your letter of the 27th instant, in the fullest manner ; 
but I auj forbidden, by the nature of my function, to 
express opinions on the weight of testimony, except 
when deciding upon Cases under consideration. 

"This, I hope, you will consider as a sufficient 
apology, 'for my omission to do so. 

"But I am quite at liberty to answer as well as I 
can, the other enquiries of your letter. ***** 



374 SOMERVILLE. 

"1 have annexed for your information, a Copy of 
the Documents you refer to. It was enclosed in a 
letter from Commodore Barrie, dated 8th November, 
1813, addressed to Col. Fenwick. 

"I am, Sir, Very Eespectfnlly, 

"Your obedient Servant, 

"Langdon Cheves, 

"H. Y. SOMERVILLE, EsQ." 



"These are to Certify, that the men, women and 
children, named in the margin, 

"(There are thirty-seven names — three of which 
are erased.)" 

"Being blacks, are now on board His Majesty's Ship 
^Dragon,' under my Command, in consequence of their 
having claimed the protection of the English Flag. 

"And, I do further Certify, that I have refused to 
comply with the applications of their late American 
owners, to have them restored, contrary to their wishes. 

"Given under my hand, on board His Majesty's 
Ship Dragon, in the Potomac, this 8th November, 1813. 
"Signed, 

RoBEET Barrie, 
"Captain and Senior officer of the Chesapeake." 



C. B. Tiernan found among his aunt, Mr?. Rebecca 
Somerville's papers, a number of letters, which he 
hopes will be found interesting. 



SOMEEVILLE. 275 

"They show the high character of the family, and 
are all iu a remarkably good state of preservation. 



The first, merely signed, J. S., (which is believed 
to stand for James Somerville,) is a duplicate of a letter 
sent to George Anderson, Glasgow, Scotland. C. B. 
Tiernan had the honor to present it to the Historical 
Society of Somerville, Massachusetts. 

"Boston, April 9, 1743. 
"Dear Sir: 

"You may very well remember, that among others 
of your acquaintance, I likewise, had your promise 
oftener than once, of a line from you by the first oppor- 
tunity after your arrival in Glasgow ; which is a favor 
I have now long expected ; but although it has been in 
vain, yet I am rather inclined to suspect a miscarriage 
than to impute it to your forgetfulness, or believe that, 
yoii would be worse than your word, if you did re- 
member. 

"I suppose my letter by Captain Craigie, for Peter- 
head (Scotland), in answer to yours, dated at Piscata- 
way, (Maryland), about the time you took ship, came 
to your hand ; in which I told you that I had, accord- 
ing to your desire, plied Miss Betty, in your behalf, for 
a lock of her hair : which you so passionately wished 
to save, as a preservative of her Memory: and, which I 
doubt, would have been very readily granted, had not 
her bashful coyness counteracted, and after a visible 
struggle, prevailed over her inclinations ; which I am 
apt to believe were grounded on a passion, pretty warm 
in your favor, and too clear to escape the notice of her 



376 SOMERVILLE. 

comrades afterwards ; though, hid under all the disguise 
that it was iu her power to -throw over it. At least it 
was not long after your departure, before several cir- 
cumstances conspired to raise in her Father, a strong 
suspicion that she had fixed her fancy upon somebody, 
though after a great deal of pains used for the dis- 
covery, he was kept in ignorance of the person : and I 
must own, I was, and am still in the dark, if I mistake 
yourself for the right object. Be that it will, she has, 
as yet, rejected the addresses of several humble servants; 
whom she had used with such air of indifference mixed 
with aversion, as if she were fully determined to deny 
the least sign of affection, beyond good manners, to all 
the world besides her own private amour; who, where- 
ever he be, visibly employs her thoughts, and draws 
many a sigh from the bottom of her heart. 

"Mr. Ferguson, a little after your departure, made 
his addresses to her, and continued very active for the 
most part of the winter, attempting a breach upon her 
heart ; but when he found she was impregnable, and 
proof against all the aiguments his fancy could invent, 
or love inspire, he was forced to let all of his hopes 
take wing and drop his suit, contrary to the expecta- 
tion of all her friends who wished, and until the issue 
undeceived them, thought him sure of success. ; 

"Mr. Cooper, son to Mr. Cooper, Minister, thought 
fit to second Mr. Ferguson, and set up for next Candi- 
date, but met with far less encouragement from her 
Father, and no better reception from the young Lady 
herself, who soon shanked him off with his finger in 
his mouth. 

"Mr. Obadiah Cookson having buried his wife,. 
November last, lately made an offer of her place to 



SOMERVILLE. 277 

Miss Carrie, which she, despairing of a better, chose 
rather to accept, than to run the risque of being 
doomed to the untoward fate of leading apes, forever ; 
for fear of which they say she began to be fretful, 
and readily embraced this opportunity which delivered 
from the brink of despair. 

'•This is all the news I can afford you at present; 
which I can hardly imagine will yield any great enter- 
tainment to you, who live amidst variety in a City, every 
day bringing forth new noTelties, and still pregnant 
with more, far better suited for your amusement, than 
<iuy thing you can expect from my pen, while I am con- 
tined to this part of the world, where you know, every- 
thing has but a dull and lifeless aspect ; and which 
but rarely furnishes a diverting evening. So. if this 
letter be an emblem of its manners and customs, I hope 
for these reasons you'll excuse it. 

"Yours, &c,, 

"J- S." 



Another Letter is! 

•To Mr. Johx Somerville, 

'■'•To the Care of Mr. Alexander CaniphcJl, 
^'■Merchant above Cross, 

"Glasgow, 



"Dublin, 24 July, 17411. 
"Dear Sir: 

"I have your favor from Glasgow, of 2nd instant, 
by your brother James, and am greatly obliged to you 



27^ SOSTEKTILLK 

for your kind remembrance of me, so immediately after 
your return home, and the more so, as you have in some 
measure put it iu my power to show how far I would 
serve you, by writing for a piece of Linen^ which I have 
sent you by your said Brother, my good friend. 

"It is right good, and one of the best, I think, I 
ever handled, though it somewhat exceeds your order 
in length, being 26 yards at 12s, 2d, amounts to £2, 16s^ 
4d, Irish, is £2, 12s, your currency, which you may pay 
to, or as your said brother James, shall direct, for the 
use of my sister, who is to- be put to Irwin School, by 
his direction, and I hope your Sister, Miss Jenny, will 
be so kind as to inspect into her conduct ; your hinting 
so to her when you write, will be an inducement for 
her to do so, and a favor conferred on me. 

'•Words are wanting for me to express my gratitude 
to you in particular, and to your whole family in gen- 
eral; therefore, I shall conclude with assuring you 
sincerely, if I can serve you here, you need only com- 
mand me, and none shall do it more faithfully, than, 
"Dear Sir, 

"Your obliged, 

"and most obedient Servant^ 

"John Ferguson, 

^•P. S. — 'I have on your recommendation, mollified 
my passion towards my Mother, and should think my- 
self singularly favored in hearing from you frequently 
by Letters. 

"Pray, inform me^if possible, if my Uncle's goods 
were sold by auction, for the use of his creditors, and 
if Mr. Warner of Ardeer, or Baily Allen of your City, 
took any care for my Aunt here, to whom he owed 



SOMKRVILLE. 279 

£350. My Aunt cannot have an answer of any letter 
from thence. 

"Salnte your Brother Walter for nie, if he renieni- 
^bers me. 

"Direct to me at Ben Bowel's, Esq., in Dublin^" 



His brother-in-law writes: 

■"■To Mk. John Somerville. 

^'Merchakt, 

"St. Mary's County, 
"Per the Patuxenf, Maryland. 

"Captain LrsK, Q. D. C. 

"Glasgow, 3d January, 1770.. 
"Dear Sir: 

"I received yowr agreeable favor of the 4tli of 
November, covering a small bill of £8, 3s, 9d, British, 
drawn by Philip Briscoe, upon Messrs, Buchanan, my 
good neighbors, and intimate acquaintances; which is 
duly honored by acceptance, and will be as honorably 
paid. 

"You write me that you had written by Captain 
Lusk, of the Patuxent, about a month prior, but yours 
never came to hand. Upon receipts of yours of 4th 
November, by Captain McCurdy, I wrote to Captain 
Lusk, at Port Glasgow, who answered me that he had a 
Box, adressed to me, but no letter, and that he wa^ your 
good acquaintance, and desired that I write to you by 
him, which this is. 

"I sued Baillie Campbell, before the Lords, after 
he had quite wore out my patience. And when I 



280 SOMERVILLE. 

brought liim to Ediuburgh, he showed all the bud 
temper and litigiousness in his power, and so shifted 
me off, from Session to Session, till at length,, in the 
last month, I got him finished, and a Decree against 
him. But before I could get my Decree extracted, he 
departed this life. 

"flis sou John, whom I mostly blame, during his 
Father's indisposition, was about to appeal to the Fif- 
teen Lords,, from the single Lord, who sat Judge of the 
Cause, and had many hearings and always gave it 
against him. But Death prevented the appeal. * * * 

"Your sisters are much the same they were ; but 
for the Laird, he is growing every day — he himself is 
Lusty — his family is increased to four Daughters; and 
he is in a good way to defeat Porterfield of Duchill, 
who is at law with him, for the estate of Hapland npon 
one O'Neill title. 

"As to our family, your sister and I have only two 
children alive, a Girl and a Boy — the first is past six 
years of age, and at school, and a fine scholar for her 
age; the Boy will be four next month, and is a fine, 
thriving child. 

"If you think of sending any of your young men 
this way, your Sister and I will show them all the 
friendship and kindness we can. * * * * 

"Your Sister joins me in Compliments to you and 
family, 

"and I am. Dear Sir, 

"Yours, affectionately, 

"Peter Patterson." 

"P. S. — The Earl of Eglinton was shot dead, in 
November last, by an officer, from whom he was at- 



SOMERVILLE. 281 

tempting to take a, loaded guu, pretending the officer 
was hunting.'' 



Auother is from Lady Gordon. 

She was the daughter of Sir William Maxwell, of 
Calderwood, and the wife of Sir Robert Gordon, of 
Pilegavenny, a cousin of the Dnke of Gordon. 

Her Sister Jane married the Duke of Gordon in 
] 767. (See Burke's Peerage, page 258.) 



"To Mr. JoHiiT SoMERViLLE, Planter, 
"St. Mary's County, 

"by Potomac River, 

"Maryland. 
"Pilegavenny, 12th January, 1775. 
"Sir: 

"About two years ago, when at Edinburgh, I hap- 
pened to take lodgings at your sister's house, Mrs. 
Margaret McDonald, where my son had also lodged 
some little time before. 

"Upon enquiring of her concerning herself, I 
found she was the daughter of a neighbor, and an inti- 
mate friend of my own father, the late Sir William 
Maxwell, of Calderwood, and a distant relative of my 
own. 

"That :_he had married a gentleman by the name 
of McDonald, a Lieutenant in the army, who had after- 
wards sold out and became a merchant in Edinburgh, 
but had soon after gone wrong in his circumstances, 
which obliged him to go to America, leaving his wifej 



282 SOMERVILLE. 

a son and daughter, without any means of support, and 
where, I understand, he hitely died. Your sister, 
though thus left destitute with the burthen of two 
young chiklren to provide for besides herself, had, how- 
ever, the good fortune and merit to prevail with some 
humane friends to become her security in the lease of a 
house, and to lend her money to furnish it, by which 
means, though it may easily be supposed, not without 
the greatest difficulty, she has hitherto contrived to 
maintain herself and children in a sort of decent man- 
ner. 

"The boy, Mr. St.^wart, the Writer, a relation of 
yours, took as an apprentice; and the daughter she has 
put mantua maker ; but during the apprenticeship of 
both, she had the charge of their maintenance herself, 
and neither of them are yet able to provide for them- 
selves. 

"I frequently saw them both when at Edinburgh, 
and, indeed, I think I never saw more promising, well- 
looking children. 

"I much fear, from the precarious way of life your 
sister is in, even with all ihe attention and economy 
possible, it will not be in her power to support herself 
much longer, as the house she possesses is very high- 
rented, and I find she is sometimes in arrears to her 
landlord, 

"Messrs. William Dunlop, and Montgomery, mer- 
chants in Glasgow, the trustees appointed by your de- 
ceased brother, Mr. James to pay his creditors in Scot- 
land, did, it seems, several years ago, after paying his 
debts, make a division of the superplus among your sis- 
ters, and Mrs. MacDonald acknowledges having received 
.her share of the money, but whatever she may have got 



SOMERVILLE. 283 

tit that time, I suppose I need hardly teU you, it could 
do her or her family little service. 

'•The money remitted at that time is said to have 
come through the hands of Mr. John Peters, of Vir- 
ginia, and about a year and a half ago, Mr. Archibald 
Dunlop, of Cabbin Point, St. James' Eiver, Virginia, 
being then in Scotland, told Mr. MacDonald he had 
written to you informing you he was possessed of a 
thousand and fifty pounds s'terling, of your brother, 
Mr. James's money, which money, your sister has, it 
seems, been since told, he paid at Glasgow, as she sup- 
posed, to your broth( r-in-law, Mr. Patterson. 

"This gentleman, it appears, was possessed of your 
late brother's will, but declined to produce it, or to 
show in what manner this money was applied, or, 
indeed, that he had received any part of it. 

"If the testator has not otherwise disposed of it, I 
understand that according to the Law of Scotland, this, 
or whatever other effects, Mr. James died possessed of, 
would divide equally among his brothers and sisters, or 
their issue — in which case my friend, Mis. MacDonald's 
share of the money, would come, I understand, to about 
two hundred and fifty pounds — but the diflficulty to her, 
and 1 am afraid without your kind and brotherly assist- 
ance, Hu insurmountable one, is the procuring evidence 
that Mr. Archibald Danlop received this money from 
the deceased, and that he paid it to Mr. Patterson. 

"If you have access to your brother's papers, and 
if Mr. Dunlop would show you the acquittances he re- 
ceived from those to whom he paid the money, and al- 
low you to take a notarial copy of them, to be trans- 
mitted here, Mr. Patterson's heirs, or whoever else 
may have the money, might be obliged to give an ac- 



284 SOMERVILLE. 

count of it; and by all lean learn of their circum- 
stances, Mr. Patterson^s family might well spare some- 
thing to a sister in distress ; for he is said to have died 
possessed of above three hundred a year. 

"Your sister writes my son that the Lord Advocate 
of Scotland has, from charitable motives, taken the af- 
fair in hand, and is to take no money, for his trouble, 
but what may otherwise prove difficult, would be ren- 
dered very easy if you could send her over the evidence, 
legally certified, of your brother's money having been 
paid, and to what persons. 

"The last time I heard from her she had received 
no letter from you, though I know she wrote you by 
the way of Loudon, in summer, 1772, and says she wrote 
you again since then, but that, unfortunately, she had 
sent it under cover to Colonel Bruce, who, having left 
America before it reached, she had it returned to her. 

"Should you happen not to have it in your power 
to assist your sister in the way I have pointed out, in 
recovering your own and her just right; I cannot, how- 
ever, allow myself to think but that a brother possessed 
of a fortune, and of generous sentiments, will afford 
his sister in distress such a reasonable and moderate 
supply as will preserve her and her children from want 
and the dangers that often attend it. 

"I shall make no apology, therefore, Sir, though 
unknown to you, for troubling you upon this subject, 
though a delicate one, being convinced that you would 
esteem my doing so an insult upon your humanity. 

"I would not, however, had said so much, if I was 
not fully persuade of your sister's merit, as well as of 
her distress. 

"Had her husband's conduct been as y>rudent as 



SOMERVILLE. 285 

hers she probably would not stand in need of assistance 
from anybody ; and I hope her son, if God spares him, 
(for the young gentleman is rather delicate) will, in a 
few^ years, be able not only to support himself and his 
mother, but be a credit to those he is connected with. 
"When you are pleased to favor me with a return, 
please direct to Lady Gordon, of Gordonstown, at Elgin, 
Xorth Britain, and give your letter to Mr. Scott, who 
will deliver this, and who will forward yours to his 
friends in this country, who are also mine. 
"I remain with esteem, 

"Sir, your most obedient, 

■"And very humble servant, 

"Agnes Gordon." 



John McDonald, the son of Mrs. Margaret Mc- 
Donald, became a Lieutenant in the Army; and served 
in the British Army in America, during the Revolu- 
tionary War. 

After the surrender of Lord Cornwallis, at York- 
town, on October 19, 1781, hostilities were practically 
suspended, and Lieutenant McDonald became ac- 
<^iuainted with his relatives in Maryland. 

After Peace was declared and General Washington 
liad resigned his Commission, the American Army was 
pretty much disbanded : the British Army also was 
reduced to a peace footing. 



Lieutenant McDonald writes the following Letter 
to his Uncle: 



286: somerville:. 

He spells the name Somervell. 



(Large Seal with motto : "My Hope is constaut in 
Thee.'O 

"John JSometitell, Esq , 

"8t, Mart's County, 
"Maryland. 

"Edinburgh, 15th May, 17cS3. 
"'Dear SiRr 

"I take this opportunity of your friend, Doctor 
Brown, who is about to leave this, for Maryland, to 
acquaint you, that I, my Mother, and all other friends 
here, are well. 

"Since ray arrival here, I have done myself the 
pleasure of writing twice, by way of New York. I 
ho})e that my letters have got to hand. 

"In conseqneuce of the Peace, it is now pretty cer- 
tain that the Regiment I belong to, will be reduced. 
And as in that event, my Half-pay will be but a very 
scanty subsistence, even for myself, I am much puzzled 
to think what I shall turn to; not only on my own 
account, but also, indeed, chiefly on my Mother's: 
whom, by every tie of duty and gratitude, I am bound 
to provide for; and wh'\ for these several years, has 
relied solely upon what I afforded her out of my Pay ; 
small as that is. 

'•'riiis being the case, I am perfectly at a loss what 
to do. Had I only myself to look to, even upon my 
Half- Pay, I could make some shift or other. I have 
been thinking of a thousand different schemes, and 
among others, of trying my fortune in your Quarter of 



•SOMERVILLE. 287 

the World, but in what way, situated as T am, I could 
be enabled to provide a comfortable settlement there, 
for myself and her, without becoming a bwiden to 
friends, is what I am at a loss to see. 

-'If, however, any plan should suggest itself to you 
or my Cousins, that you think I could adopt. T shall be 
much obliged to you to communicate it to me, 

"I have had several letters from your brother 
Kennox since I came home, but have not yet seen him. 
I will set out, however, in the course of a few days, for 
-0>'ivoch, on a visit to him. 

"My Mother had a letter lately, from one of her 
Nieces, by which I find they are all well. 

"My Mother joins me in affectionate Compliments 
to you, Mrs. Somervell, and her Nephews. 

"I beg, also, to be remembered to Mr. and Mrs. De- 
Butts, and all my other Maryland Acquaintances, whose 
civilities and attention to me I shall ever retain a due 
sense of. 

"I shall expect the pleasure of hearing from you 
soon. And in the meantime, wishing you much health 
and happiness, 

"I remain, 

"Dear Sir, 

"Your affectionate Ne})hew, 

"JoHN^ MacDonald. 
"John Somerville, Esquire, 

"8t. Mary's County, Maryland." 



He afterwards paid a visit to this Country, but 
does not seem to have been successful in tinding em- 
ployment on this side. 



288 SOMERVILLB. 

After his return his mother writes 



"William Somekville, Esqr., 

"St. Mary's County, 

'•Maryland, 

"XoRTH America. 

"Edinburgh, 28th July, 1790. 
"My Dear Nephew: — 

"My 8on arrived here, only a Fortnight ago, hav- 
ing remained in London ever since his arrival from 
America. 

"He is extremely thin in his person, owing, I sup- 
pose, to the anxiety of hig mind. But thanks to God ! 
in good health. 

"The gratitude he expresses for the great friend- 
ship you have shown him, and the many instances of 
kindness that he has experienced from you, makes me 
trouble you with this letter, to return you my best 
thanks, although it must leave me feel more than I 
have words to express. 

"He was very kindly received by our friend, Lord 
^lacDonald, at London, who promises to do for him, so 
soon as anything occurs in his power. I am well aware, 
however, that the promises of the Great, are not to be 
relied on, although I must do them, at the same time, 
the justice, to say that both my son and I, notwith- 
standing our distresses, have met with uncommon in- 
stance of their sincerity. 

"My unfortunate Sister, Nancy Somerville, died 
here, about two months ago. Her situation was, no 
doubt, truly lamentable, and her distress, I doubt not, 
hastened her death ; but my own circumstanses were 
such, as put it out of my power to give her assistance. 

"By this event, her share of my Brother George's 



SOMERVILLE. 289 

property devolves upon Keiniox, Mrs. Patterson, and 
nie. 

"If, therefore, yonr Brother, the Doctor, has not as 
yet remitted it here, you will be so good as to retain 
Kennox's and my share of it, in part payment of my 
Son's debt to you ; but this, I suppose, my Son will 
write you more fully of. 

"I understand from my Son, that he has made you 
acquainted with our circumstances, and the connections 
that are friendly to us here. I have, therefore, the 
pleasure to inform yon, that he has this day received 
another letter from our friend, Sir William Gordon, of 
Gordonstown, wanting to know if he had got anything 
done by Lord MacDonald, at London, and desiring him, 
in the kindest manner, to come to him, and offering 
every assistance in his power, in his affairs. So that he 
leaves this, in the course of next week for Gordonstown. 
I had yesterday, a letter from my Brother, who, and 
family, are all well. John has not been there yet — he 
does not go West, till he returns from the North, but 
had also, a very kind letter yesterday, from his Uncle, 
on his arrival. 

"I beg, although unacquainted, to present my kind 
compliments to Mrs. Somerville, and both your 
Brothers. 

"I would be very happy to have the pleasure of 
hea^'ing from you, and if there is anything in my 
Power to serve you or yours, you may command, 

"I ever am, 

"My Dear Nephew, 

"Your much obliged, 

"and affectionate Aunt, 

"Margaret MacDonald." 



290 SOMERVILLE. 

Lieutenant John Mac Donald writes the foHowing 
long letter, in Duplicate, to his Cousin, Dr. George 
Somervell : 

"Edii^burgh, 23 August, 1790. 
"My Dear Sir: 

"I have this moment finished a very long letter for 
you, which I send by the way of Glasgow, accompanied 
with your Ring in a small box, to the care of Mr. Blair, 
at Port Tobacco. But lest it should be long in reach- 
ing you, or any accident befall it, I shall (as I have not 
yet sealed it) just here transcribe it to you verbatim, 
and forward this by the Packet. 

*'I doubt not, but you are much surprised at not 
having heard from me, long before this time. I trust, 
however, you will do me justice, to believe that my 
silence has not proceeded either from want of regard, 
or from being forgetful of friends whom I must ever 
remember with the warmest affection. 

"The fact is, that after the long letter of Novem- 
ber 30, I wrote your brother from London, acquainting 
him of my arrival there, &c., I determined not to write 
again till such time as I should have reached Scotland, 
which, from a chain of unforeseen occurrences, I did not 
do till a few weeks ago, as I remained in London ever 
since my arrival there, having deferred my departure 
from day to day, and week to week, in consequence of 
the encouragement so to do, given me by my friend. 
Lord Mac Donald. 

"On my arrival here in Edinburgh, I have had the 
satisfaction to find my Mother in excellent health, and 
good spirits. 

"As to our LTncle Kennox and family, they are also 
all well — it will be some weeks yet, however, before I 



SOMEKVILLE. 291 

will see them, as even by Kennox's owu advice, I am to 
pay my first visit to my friend, Sir William Gordon, of 
Gordonstovvn, in the North Country, whose friendsnip 
to me yon may remember my mentioning, when with 
vou, and I may add, whose kindness to me, since my 
return to this country, far exceeds the most sanguine 
expectations I could have formed. 

"Immediately, on my arrival in London, I received 
letters from him, in which, after regretting my various 
disappointments and embarrassments, he writes me in 
the handsomest manner, to make his house my head- 
quarters, and to reside with him as a friend, till such 
time as something cast up, in which he might have it 
in his power to assist me further, by getting me into 
some line of life that might enable me, as he terms it, 
to push my way into the World. 

"And I have since I came here, received another 
letter from him to the same effect. In consequence of 
which, I set out for the North, to-morrow, or next day. 
"My stay in London was lengthened by my having 
waited near two months there, before Lord MacDonald 
returned from the Isles : his Lordship's reception of me 
was as kind and friendly as I could possibly have 
looked for— he soon entered with me into discussion of 
all my affairs and domestic concerns, and assured me 
in the most explicit manner of his being sincerely 
inclined to render me any service in his power. 

"As yet, however, nothing has been really in his 
power. 

"Yon will have learned, no doubt, from the news- 
papers,, our Parliament's having been dissolved. This, 
of course, keeps the Great ones themselves in a state 
of bustle and anxiety, so that till such time as the 



292 SOMERVILLE. 

new Parliament meets, and his Lordship's frieads get 
securely refixed in their seats, it is folly for me to 
expect he would apply or that they would ask any 
favor of a Minister. * * * 

"I am taking care not to build my Castles too 
high, so that if they should fall to the ground, I will 
not he altogether buried in the ruins. * * * * 

"You will recollect my having informed you, that 
my Sister, without consulting either my Mother or me, 
had several years ago, married a gentleman of the 
name of Gunn, a young man whom we never as much 
as ever saw. * * * 

"I have now the pleasure to find, however, that 
that marriage has turned out exceedingly well for my 
sister; as her husband has now got an office under the 
Government, to the amount of some hundreds a year, 
being appointed Clerk of the Cheque, to the office of 
ordnance, in the Island of Guernsey, and that they live 
in a very respectable and genteel manner, associating 
with the first company ; and, among others, that they 
are in the habit of visiting and being visited by the 
Governor himself and family. * * * 

"I have now to inform you of a more melancholy 
event. Our poor, unfortunate Aunt, Agnes Somerville, 
died here about two months ago. I doubt not, but her 
distresses may have hastened her death ; her situation, 
was, no doubt, truly deplorable, but which, neither my 
Mother, nor I, although ever so much inclined, had 
ability to relieve. By this event, you know, her share 
of our deceased Uncle George's property devolves upon 
Kennox, Mrs. Patterson and my Mother, the surviving 
Brother and Sisters. If, therefore, you have not as yet 
transmitted it to this country, which, 1 am hopeful may 



SOMERVILLE. 293 

be the case, as I have not learned that any person here 
has received it for her, yon will please to pay it, (I 
mean Kennox's and my Mother's proportion of it,) to 
yonr Brother William, in part payment of my debt to 
him, which he will give you a receipt for. * * * 

"Having now, my Dear Sir, given yon a full detail 
of all my concerns, and no doubt tired your patience 
with Egotism, less I shall porceed io your business, and 
inform you how I have executed the Commissions you 
have honored me with. 

"On my arrival here, I mean in Scotland, I im- 
mediately wrote Messrs. Findlay, Hopkirk & Co., your 
friend Mr. Matthew Blair's partners in Glasgow, to 
know when they would have another vessel going for the 
Potomac, by which I could get a letter and small box or 
package transmitted to Mr Blair. Their answer was, 
that as they had one that sailed only two days ago, they 
would not have another of their own to sail this season, 
but that there is a vessel named the Glasgow soon to sail 
for the Eastern Shore of Maryland, by which they are 
sending some things themselves, to Port Tobacco, and 
that if I choose, they would forward mine along with 
them. You will, therefore, receive this letter by that con- 
veyance, undercover of one to Mr. Blair, and along with 
it a small box containing your mourning ring. 

"They will, I suppose, be sent to Port Tobacco, 
from the Eastern Shore in the Pilot boat, or some 
country craft. 

"The Ring, 1 hope, will please; it was made by one 
of the most eminent hands in London — his Majesty's 
Goldsmith and Jeweller. I don't, however, mention 
this as any recommendation, further than to convince 
you that it is not my fault if it does not please, as I ap- 



294 SOMERV^ILLE. 

plied to the best hand. The price was just two 
guineas. 

"A mourning ring of the common kind, I mean those 
commonly worn, is only one Guinea, but then it is quite 
different from this— there is no hair set in it, in this 
way — it is just a plain circle. I mean shaped like those 
rings that have no stones or other ornaments set in 
them ; the outer side or surface is black enamelled, and 
the motto or age, &c., of the deceased encompasses the 
outside of the rim. But as you had given me a particu- 
lar description of what you wished for, I adhered 
strictly to your directions. Such rings, however, as this 
of yours, are also worn here for mourning, and, indeed, 
in my opinion, are. no doubt, the handsomest of the two. 
You will oberve that this one of yours is also black 
enamelled, which constitutes it a mourning ring. 

"You remember that I received three guineas from 
you ; so that I owe you a guinea, which in your future 
commissions you may debit me with. 

"With respect to the Books you proposed my send- 
ing you, I have shown my acquaintance, Mr. Balfour, the 
list jou gave me. They can be sent whenever you write 
me so to do. * * * Xhe price of Bell's System of 
Surgery is uow filled up. * * On the back you have 
an account of the Encyclopedia Brittanica, a Diction- 
ary of the Arts and Sciences, that is just now publish- 
ing. The volumes already come out, I have seen, and 
agreeably to your desire, dipped into — they most com- 
pletely answer your idea^are perfectly what you wish 
for. It is the same publication that I recollect your 
mentioning to me, as having heard> so highly spoken 
of— it is carried on by a Society of gentlemen of this 
country. 



SOMERVILLE. 295 

"To have it in boards I think would not suit you. 
You ought to have the Volumes bound here. You 
see there are only five volumes and a half yet pub- 
lished, which comes to Five guineas and a half. How- 
ever, when you transmit the cash you had best send the 
price of six volumes, as there will be another half 
volume printed before I can have your return to this 
letter. * * * * 

"My deferring till another opportunity the General 
Catalogue of Books, with the remarks you wished for, 
I hope you will be kind enough to excuse; as from my 
leaving Town, so soon just now, and having all my vis- 
its yet to pay, I am as much busied as if I was a Mr. 
Pitt or a General Washington. 

"I shall not attempt to give you any News or Poli- 
tics, at present. Your Newspapers, will, no doubt, have 
informed you of everything remarkable. 

"To be sure, this same Revolution in France is as 
rehiarkable and extraordinary an event, as history can 
boast of. I do assure you — although from what you 
used to allege against me, in our disputations, you will 
still, I am afraid, be doubting my sincerity, that I most 
sincerely wish the good people of France, as well as all 
mankind, liberty and happiness. And in the most es- 
sential points of their Revolution, they have, I think, 
hitherto, conducted themselves with a wisdom^ spirit, 
and perseverance, that do them the highest honor. At 
the same time, they have in some things, Frenchmen 
like, flown from one extreme to another; and in banish- 
ing slavery, have speculated too much in ideal schemes 
of refining on liberty. To be a little of a pedant, I must 
observe with my friend, Horace, 'Est Modus in rebus, 
sunt certi denique fines, quos ultra, citra que, hand 



^96 SOMERVILLE. 

recte ibis.' (There is moderation in all things, and 
there are limits beyond which it is not right to go.) 

"0 ! I have news for you. Whom do you think I 
met in London, by the merest accident in the world, but 
your old acquaintance, young Jennings,* of Annapolis. 
He returns this fall to Maryland, and has promised me 
that he will make it his business to see you, and give 
you the particulars of our meeting, which was, indeed, 
^s laughable, as unexpected. 

"It was in what is called one of the Genteel Eating 
Houses, in London, to which, being that day on the 
stroll, and disengaged, I had stepped in. They are in 
the same style as a Coffee House — one common room 
as a reception of all guests, so that from the room being 
pretty full of people, I had sat down, and nearly dined, 
when a Gentleman, who sat reading a newspaper at an- 
other table, tapped me on the shoulder, and asked me if 
my name was MacDonald. 

"On hearing him speak, and surveying him a half a 
minute, I immediately recognized my old acquantaince, 
Mr. Jennings, and in the first emotion of surprise, and 
the satisfaction I felt at the meeting, I could not refrain 
from bursting out, regardless of those around us, into 
an exclamation of 

" 'Set me ashore, in two feet of water ! is this you ?' 

"We soon adjourned to where we could have our 
chat undisturbed, and during the few weeks after that, 
that I remained in London, we frequently were 

*"Young Jennings" was probably the son or Grand- 
son of Edmund Jennings, Attorney General of the 
Colony of Maryland. 



■SOHERTILLE. 297 

togetlier. We had several rambles, an account of 
which he will, no doubt, give you, when you meet. 

"Besides the satisfaction I had on his own account, 
«in meeting with Mr. Jennings, as he is, you know, a 
very agreeable and pleasant companion ; it replaced me, 
as it were, for the tim-e, in St. Mary's, and made me reit- 
•«rate scenes, the recollection of which, must ever afford 
■me pleasure. 

"I must now conclude this long letter by request- 
ing that yon may not fail to let me have the pleasure 
■of hearing from you by first Packet. My address I have 
given you at bottom, by way of Postscript. I recollect 
that the direction that I left with you was to the care of 
Mr. Stuart Moodie,Writer to the Signet, here, a particular 
a,cquaintanee and companion of ntine. 

^'My reason for that was that my Mother has 
always been ac-customed to open all letters that come 
to her for me, with the same freedom as if directed 
to herself. * * * 

"However, at any time that you are writing to me 
upon business, or feel yourself inclined, you may use 
the address I give you below to my Mother's house. I 
hope, and expect, however, that your letters will be oc^ 
casionally enriched by some of your Forest adventures, 
and that you will, from time to time, let me know how 
all my friends are in that quarter. 

*'I shall be very anxious till I have the pleasure of 
hearing from you, to know if this, and your ring, got 
safe to hand. I will, at all events, expect to hear by 
first Packet after this reaches you. 

"I hope you will send me a list of all the deaths, 
births, and marriages, since I left you. 

"My Mother joins in best wishes for your prosper- 



298 SOMERVILLE. 

ity and happiness. And begging to be kindly remem- 
bered to all my acqnaintances, 

"I remain, with the warmest regard, 
"My Dear Sir, 

"Your obliged and 

"ever affectionate cousin, 

"John MacDonald. 
"My address is, 

"LlEUTElSrANT JoHN MacDoNALD, 

"At Mrs. MacDonald's, Gillies Land, 
"North St. James Street, 
"New Town, 

"Edinburgh, 

"North Britain." 




C^^..-^^^^.^^ r^^^^i^iy^^t'€!t^*ty 



CHARLES TIERNAN. 301 

Charles Tiernan" was born in his father's house, 
now No. 21 East Baltimore Street, November 4, 1797. 

He was named after St. Charles Borromeo, upon 
whose day he was born, as is frequently the case in 
Irish Catholic families, and also after Mr. Charles 
Ghequiere, a prominent merchant and intimate friend 
of the family. 

C. B. Tiernan has a book called "Beauties of 
Robertson, being Passages From the Works of the 
Historian of Charles V., of Scotland, and of America," 
which has written in it 

"Charles Tiernan, 

"Christmas, 1811, 

"From His Godmother, 

"Ghequiere." 



The Portrait of him, from which this picture is 
taken, was painted by Chester Harding in 1827, and 
was specially bequeathed by him to Uis son. 



He was educated at St. Mary's College, Baltimore, 
at that time one of the most prominent educational 
institutions in this country. 

He was a schoolmate, and warm personal friend of 
Samuel Eccleston, afterwards Archbishop of Baltimore, 
and he used frequently to say, that every Archbishop 
of Baltimore had often dined, and had all been on in- 
timate terms at his father's and at his own house. 

Most Reverend Ambrose Marechal, Archbishop 
of Baltimore, from 1S17 to 1828, returned to the 
United States in 1811, on one of Luke Tiernan's vessels. 

The High Altar in the Cathedral, which is one of 
the most beautiful in this country, was presented to 



302 CHARLES TIERJ^rAK. 

Archbishop Marechal by the priests of Marseilles, 
France, who had been his former scho'ars, on May 31, 
1821. It was "Privile'red" by Pope Pius VIL, in 1822, 
and Consecrated by Archbishop Bayley, June 8, 1886. 

Charles Tiernan always valued very highly among 
his pictures, an oil painting of the "Head of Christ," a 
copy of which is here given. 

It was said to have been cut out of a large picture 
which had been taken from a Church in Spain, during 
the French occupation of that country, in the Napole- 
onic wars, and it has this inscription upon the back : 

"Bartolomeo Murillo, nativo de Seviglia. 

"Presented to the Archbishop, by Madame Seton, on 
her death bed, 1821." 

It is believed that it was given by the Archbishop, to 
Luke Tiernan, as an acknowledgment of services, and as 
a token of friendship. 



In 1816 Charles Tiernan was sent to Europe for 
about a year, and sailed for Liverpool with Captain 
William Graham, who was a part owner with Luke 
Tiernan in the Bark "Franklin." 

He spent the greater part of the time in England 
and Ireland, and received much attention ; among others 
from Sir William Brown, in Liverpool, who represented 
Brown, Shipley & Co., of London. 

On one occasion, when going by Stage from Man- 
chester to Leeds, with Mr. James Brown, who was a 
tall, elderly gentleman, while he was a ruddy young 
man, little more than a lad, he got into a dispute Avith. 
a burly Englishman over their hats, which had got mixed 
up, — high silk hats being worn at the time in England 
by every one — and while the stage was waiting, and the 




Head of Christ. 



CHARLES TIERNAN. 305 

guard blowing his horn for the passengers to take their 
seats, the big Englishman lost his temper, as Mr. 
Brown came forward to ask what was the difficulty, 
and exclaimed to Mr. Tiernan, ''You little rascal, I will 
whip you and your tutor too." 

C. B, Tiernan has his Father's Passport to travel 
in France. It is on Parchment, in the French lan- 
guage, dated November 7, 1816, signed by John Quincy 
Adams, Minister from the United States to Great 
Britain and Ireland. 

In Ireland he was entertained by his Father's rela- 
tions, who lived near Drogheda; and particularly by 
one of his uncles, who was a great fox-hunter. 

He brought home a considerable number of very 
fine Books, many of them illustrated. Among them 
Gillray's and Cruikshank's Sketches — a jjroof Edition 
of "Lodge's Memoirs of Illustrious Personages," in 12 
volumes. The "Musee Francais," in four very large 
volumes ; Boydell's Illustrations of Shakespeare, and 
others. 

C. B. Tiernan still has some of his Father's books, 
and among them he values the "Picture of London for 
1816, Being a Correct Guide to All the Curiosities, &c., 
&C.J in and Near London," with the name on the front 
page, "Charles Tiernan, London, September, 1816." 

Upon his return to America, he entered his 
Father's counting room, and went through all the grada- 
tions of service, and was afterward made a member of 
the firm. 

On one occasion, he took a ride of fifteen hundred 
miles on horseback, most of the time alone, across Vir- 
ginia, by way of Cumberland Gap, to Kentucky, Ten- 



306 CHARLES TIERNAN. 

liessee, and the Western and Southern States, to collect 
the accounts of the house. 

Long afterwards, in 1862, during the Civil War, 
while he was talking with Mr. Samuel W. Smith, Mr. 
Bonaparte and a group of gentlemen, each one spoke of 
how he was economizing — one said that he had put down 
his carriage, another, that he had discharged some of 
his servants, others, that they had given up drinking 
brandy and taken to whiskey, or that they had given 
up smoking cigars, and taken to pipes. Mr. Tiernan 
said that he did not keep a carriage, nor more servants 
than he required, but that he had worked hard in his 
young days, and that in his age, he thought that he 
was always entitled to a glass of brandy, which, at that 
time was considered a gentleman's drink, and to a good 
Cigar. 



On the 21st of December, 1821, he was Commis- 
sioned by Governor Samuel Sprigg, "Quarter Master of 
the Fifth Regiment of the Militia of the State of Mary- 
land, in the City of Baltimore." 

And on the 2nd of November, 1824, he was Com- 
missioned by Governor Samuel Stevens, Jr., "Brigade 
Quarter Master, to the First Artillery Brigade of the 
Militia of the State of Maryland." 

C. B. Tiernan still has both these Commissions. 



He was one of the Managers of the Hibernian 
Society of Baltimore, fi^om 1830 to 1838. 

On March 17, 1836, a letter was received by the 
Hibernian Society, from Charles Tiernan, Treasurer of 



CHARLES TIERNAN, 307 

the "Associated Friends of Ireland," enclosing to them,. 
$16.68, the balance of the funds of that Association. 



He took much interest in the political situation in. 
Mexico when it declared its independence. C. B. Tier- 
nan has a letter to him from Augustin de Iturbide, 
Emperor of Mexico, which is translated as follows : 

"Mexico, May 4, 1822. 
"My Dear and Esteemed Sir: — 

"By the correspondence which I have just received, 
which was brought to me by the schooner Iguala, pro- 
ceeding from Philadelphia, I have received letters from 
Senor Don Kichard Meade, and Commander Eugenio 
Cortes, of this Government, which both assure me of 
the good offices which you have done on behalf of my 
Nation, as well in assisting the Comissioners, as in es- 
tablishing our credit, making right the opinion respect- 
ing us, and negotiating with your Government the 
recognition of our Independence. 

"These services which this Government owes to the 
illustrious liberality of yourself, and which denotes a 
predilection to the Country to which I belong, has ex- 
cited in me the most profound gratitude, and decided 
me to offer you my friendship and my respects. 

"Have the kindness to consider these exj^ressions 
as emanating from the necessity of a free heart. 

"I am, with due consideration, your affectionate 
and faithful servant, who kisses your hand, (Q, S. 
M. B.) 

"Augustine de Iturbide, 
"Senor Don Carlos Tiernan." 



308 CHARLES TIERNAN". 

Mr. Tiernan was subsequently presented by him 
with a curious watch of Mexican manufacture. It had 
only one hand indicating the minutes ; and the figures 
indicating the hours, changpd every hour, and showed 
through a square hole cut in the top of the dial. There 
was an inscription in the watch saying, it "was pre- 
sented to him by a friend — obsequio de un amigo." He 
also was presented with a gold medal for his services. 

The medal he was obliged to sell for $20, the value 
of the gold, when he was in want of money at one time ; 
and the watch he afterwards gave to his nephew, Col. 
L. T. Brien. 



He was appointed Consul for Mexico at Baltimore, 
and performed the duties of his office faithfully, for 
upwards of twenty years. 

The letters to him from J. N. Almonte, Minister 
from Mexico, and others, are most complimentary and 
gratifying. 



The following is from Chief Justice Eoger Brooke 
Takey :— 

"Charles Tiernan, Esquire, 

"Charles Street. 

"Lexington" Street, 

"October 27, 1843. 
"My Dear Sir: 

"I return vou the letter of the Mexican Minister 



tlHAKLES TIERNAK. "SOB 

with many thanks for the tronble you have taken in 
'behalf of my unfortunate kinsman, 

"I am, with great respect and regard, 

•"Your obedient servant, 

"R. B. Taney." 



Commodore Morgan, nephew of General Daniel 
Morgan, of the Revolution, was a warm personal friend. 
He writes : 

^'FoR Charles Tiernan, Esq., 

■"Baltimore, Maryland, 

"XJ. S. Of America, 

■"Navy Department, 

"L. Warrington, 

"IT. S. Ship Columbus, 

"Toulon, May 17, IS-t:^. 
*'My Dear Oonsulado : 

"I wrote a hasty uote by the Preble, to say immedi- 
ately upon the reception of your note at Genoa I went 
to Avork on the pictures and seeking after statuary, 
knowing pretty nearly what you wished, and purchased 
the 'Holy Family' of a Jew amateur, who sold it to me 
for an original, though he was satisfied at the time that 
it was a copy. After discovering his mistake he offered 
from one to eleven doubloons for my bargain. 

"This, together with the 'Falls of Tivoli,' both by 
masters of the first celebrity, and the 'Holy Family,' 
two hundred years old, by Pioli, was all that I could 
procure in Genoa, that you would have been pleased 
with. 

"Again, I should have gone in for smaller pictures 



310 CHARLES TIERXAN. 

for your purpose. Such a choice as you recjuire, would 
have occu])ied two or three weeks at Naples. Of this 
pleasure, 1 am now, however, debarred, as I leave as 
soon as this northwest gale is over, for Brazil. 

"Having reference to McCaleb's debt, I sent it for 
collection, and that if you had been successful, to keep 
it in part payment; but not intending it as any part of 
the payment of my debt to you otherwise. 

"The pictures have been sent to you by the U. S. 
Sloop-of-War 'Preble,' in charge of Lieutenant Fraley, 
of your City, which will most probably be at home by 
July or August. 

"Had it not been for my honesty, I could not have 
sent the 'Holy Family' to you, it is the most beautiful 
of all that I have seen, and I have seen many, but as I 
bought it for you, I thought it too much like stealing 
to make any other appropriation of it. 

"The Holy Family sold on for 2,700 francs. 

"Commodore (Charles) Morris is here, and I have 
transferred the Squadron to him. He admits it to be 
the most efficient Squadrgn he ever saw, and the best 
disciplined, with more etiquette. 

"He was much more in love with the Mediterranean 
Squadron than I am, as it was not yet exactly to my 
notion. We all exercised at sea, with the Delaware, his 
Flagship, and tried our sailing together. 

"We chased to windward for three hours, and had 
he not made a signal to heave to, the old Columbus 
would have lost him. The breeze was light, and the 
sea smooth. Indeed, the Columbus beat the whole 
squadron ; and Nicholson in the Fairfield, next. The 
Delaware was left about three miles astern. 

"After I left, he exercised the squadron in every 



CHARLES TIEKNAK. 311 

way, and every ship in it beat him at every uianceuvre. 
In strijiping topsails after I \eft them, the Fairlleld- 
Nicholson, stripped in fourteen minutes, and beat the 
Delaware from twenty minutes to half an hour. The 
Fairfield was the flagship last y^ar, and is the crack 
nag. 

"After this last and worse beating, he made a sig- 
nal /(;r my late beauties to disperse, and to my great sur- 
prise, in three or four days, I saw the heaiitiful Congress^ 
Captain Voorhees, turning the point coming into Tou- 
lon, in search of me, and the day after, in came the 
Fairfield-Nicholson. The Fairfield's orders were, how- 
ever, urgent in another direction, and after being in 
company for two days, I made a signal to obey her 
orders without delay, and in half an hour we could see 
no more of her. 

''The Congress hangs to us, though her Captain 
begins to be anxious. 

"I shall make the same signal to him in the morn- 
ing. 

"Write me, and address your letters to me to 
Brazil, (Rio.) 

"Tell me all the news, and collect something about 
my daughter. I seldom hear from he. Present me 
most respectfully to your wife, and believe, as ever, 
"Very truly your friend. 

"Chas. W. Morgan. 

"Plenipo. 

"P. S. — I have, or had when I left, one of the 
finest sons — now about eight weeks old-^you ever saw, 

"1 have to leave them in the Mediterranean, hav- 
ing no permission to take them with me. 

"C. W. M." 



3"12 CHARLES TTERNAlSr. 

Admii'ul George B. BalcVi, who was passed Mid- 
shipman, assigned to special duty, npou the Flagship^ 
on this cruise, (see Dictionary of American Biography) 
described Conmodore Morgan, to C. B. Tiernan, as a 
handsome man, and a fine officer. 

He said that when they were in the Bay of Xaples, 
Commodore Morgan received a visit on hoard of his 
Flagship from the King of Naples and Sicily, Ferdi- 
nand II., accompanied by members of the Royal family, 
and a large Staff of officers, whose brilliant uniforms 
were covered with decorations, and glittered with gold 
and jewels. 

In warm climates, it is often necessary to put up 
Wind sails, which are wide tubes or funnels of canvas, 
to convey a current of fresh air to the low^er parts of 
the ship, and this had been done on this occasion. 

A member of the Staff attempted to lean against 
one of these, and fell into the hole — and the Quarter- 
master immediately notified the officer of the deck of 
the accident. 

"Beg pardon, Sir, I have to report. Sir, that one of 
those Kings has just tumbled down the Hatchway !" 



In June, 1888, the following article appeared in 
the New York Times : 



"A Hero's Sword Goes Begging. 

"There was deposited at the United States assay 
office, on Thursday, a gold sword and sheatli bearing the 
following inscriptions : 

" 'Presented by the State of Virginia to Charles 
Waugh Morgan, in honor of his intrepidity and valor 
as a Lieutenant of the United States Frigate Constitu- 



CHARLES TIEHNAN, 313 

tion at tlie capture of the British Frigate Guerriere and 
the Java, 19th August, 1812— 29th December. 1815.' 

"The scabbard is handsomely decorated with 
engraved, floral designs. At the top are the words, 
'Honor to the brave,' and upon the tip, the coat 
of arms of Virginia, witli the motto, 'Sic Semper Tyran- 
11 is.' There is a picture in relief of the Constitution 
and one of the Guerriere. 

"Upon the death of Lieutenant Morgan, this sword 
was lequeathed to his family, and finally came into 
possession of its present owner — a near relative of the 
Lieutenant. He is an artist living in London. 

"In February last he sent the sword and scab- 
bard to General Horatio C. King, with a re(piest that 
he dispose of it, as he was in the need of money. 
'I have tried my best,' said Mr. King, 'to secure for the 
owner of the sword, a price commensurate with its real 
value, as a historical relic. I have offered it to nearly 
every prominent historical society in the country, but 
not one had any money to spend in that Avay. Secre- 
tary Whitney, to whom I also offered it for the Naval 
Department, also pleaded poverty, saying no appropria- 
tion was available for the purchase of such relics. 
Even the State of Virginia didn't want it. 

"I don't like to sell it for old gold, but I've got to 
do so, as the owner needs money." 



C. B. Tiernan immediately wrote to the superin- 
tendent of the assay office, and said that his Father and 
Commodore Morgan had been warm friends, and that 
he would like, if possible, to purchase the sword ; and 
received the following reply: 



314 CHARLES TIBRNAN". 

U. S. Assay Office, Xew York City, 
Superintendent's Office, 

"June 19, 1888. 
"Ohas. B. Tiernan Esq., 

"11 E. Lexington St., 

"Baltimore, Md. 
"Sir: 

"The sword to which you refer has been melted up 
at this office. 

"Its gross value in gold and silver, was about 
$140.00. 

"I return herewith the newspaper cutting, as you 
request. 

"Very Respectfully, 

"Andrew Mason, 

"Superintendent." 



Charles Tiernan was short of stature, but strik- 
ingly handsome in apjiearance, and was always very 
prominent in social life. 

In his early years he dressed with great elegance, 
and he was always particular in regard to his personal 
appearance. 

Colonel John Spear Nicholas said that Mr. Tier- 
nan was the handsomest and most refined looking man 
that he had ever seen. 

He said that one eveuing at a party, he asked C. 
Tiernan how he was enjoying liimself ; who replied? 
that he was not enjoying himself at all, because his 
clothes did not suit him, and were not becoming to him. 
and on another occasion, Eobert Gilmor, Jr., said of a 
tailor, that he made C. Tiernan's clothes, which was a 



CHARLES TIERNAN. 315 

gnanmtee of his excellence. His last tailor was Fred- 
erick Stauf. 



He was Groomsman for David Ridgely. who mar- 
ried Miss Norman, in January, 1820. 

He was Groomsman for Jerome N. Bonaparte, 
who married Miss Susan May Williams, in October, 
1829, and was one of the pall-bearers at his funeral in 
1870. 

He was Groomsman for Senor Jose Maria Montoya, 
Charge d'affaires in Charge of the Mexican Legation in 
Washington, at his marriage to Miss Emily Whelan, of 
Baltimore. 

He was God Father to Miss Harriet Buchanan, 
who was the daughter of Dr. Francis J. Buchanan, and 
Mrs. Anna Maria Nelson Buchanan, and who afterwards 
became the wife of Cumberland Dugan. 

Charles Tiernan was one of the first members of 
the Baltimore Club, which was organized in 1832. 
The house stood upon a hill on the north side of 
Fayette Street, above North Street. 

It became the Maryland Club in 1857, and moved 
to the North-East corner of Franklin and Cathedral 
Streets. He concinued a member of it, until a short 
time before his death. 

Governor Thomas Swann, told C. B. Tiernan, in 
1876, that while he was looking over some of his old 
papers in the office of his son-in-law, General Ferdi- 
nand C. Latrobe, he had found an Invitation to one 
of the Maryland Assemblies, and that Charles Tiernan 
and himself were the only survivors of the Board of 
Managers of it. 

A gentleman once sent to one of his daughters at 



316 CHARLES TIERNAN. 

Christmas, a small bnst of the Emperor William I., of 
Germany, on account of its strong resemblance to her 
Father. 

When the workmen were carving the heads of 
stone, above the windows on North Charles Street, of 
the Mount Vernon Methodist Church, they carved the 
one after him, which is the third from the last, towards 
the North. 

His complexion was always remarkably fine. His 
manners to his friends were most cordial, and to ser- 
vants, affable. His servants were attached to him and 
desirous to serve him. His temper was quick ; and Mrs. 
Mary Spear Tiernan said that she had never seen any 
one, who was so rapid in coming to a conclusion upon 
any matter, and this characteristic had the effect of 
making him sometimes impatient and severe. 



His brother-in-law, Henry V. Somerville, had pur- 
chased a sugar plantation, in Louisiana, about the year 
1835. 

Mr. Somerviile's letters from this place, some of 
which are now in the possession of Mrs. Julia D- 
Shields, of Natchez, Miss., are exceedingly interesting, 
and are full of the brightest descriptions and anticipa- 
tions. 

He was taken sick, and died after a short illness, 
in 1837, in the forty-fifth year of his age. 



After his death, Charles Tiernan was obliged to 
spend much time in Louisiana, in endeavoring to settle 
Mr. Somerviile's estate, as well as other matters in 
which his Father's firm was concerned. 

At that time the situation of pecuniary affairs all 



CHARLES TIERNAN. 317 

over the United States, was one of great uncertainty^ 
and of great anxiety and distress. 

Mr. Tiernan wrote long letters to his Sister, Mrs. 
Somervilk, in regard to her affairs. 

It is regretted that they are of too personal a 
nature to be given here. 

One of them begins ; 

"New Orleans, January 7> 183.8. 

•'Dear Becky : — 

•'I wrote to Father a few days after my return 
from the Plantation, giving him an account of every- 
thing, and the necessary steps we had taken. 
"I was much disappointed in the place, 
''Henry, in his anxiety to get settled, gave too 
much for the land, and also for the stock, &c„ upon it. 
"It will never bring Cost and Expenses. * * * 
"I will do all and everything in my power to bring 
this unfortunate matter to a successful termination. 

''It is painful to be obliged to sell the poor 
negroes— they all begged me not to do so-^but what 
else can be done. 

"/ would hardlt/ be willing to take the best Estate in 
the South, and own Slams. * * *" 



His Library was a very well selected one, of about 
1,200 volumes; many of them original and handsome 

editions. 

His collections of Paintings and Statuary and 
works of Art was quite a good one, and his home was 
the scf-ne of a generous and refined hospitality. 

He was very averse to display, but a great many 



v318 CHARLES TIERNAN. 

small entertainments of various kinds were given at his 
house which were spoken of as having been most 
agreeable. 

Hon. J. Morrison Harris and his wi£e told C. 
B. Tiernan that they had never enjoj^ed themselves 
more than at one of the parties at Mr. Tiernau's. 



Among the Silver which was in constant use, was 
a very large Coffee Urn, with his parents initia s, "L. A. 
T." (Luke and Ann Tiernan,) upon it, and the English 
"Hall mark," 1799. 

Among his china, were a dozen small plates, in 
blue and white and gold, which were coffee cup plates. 

A long time ago, it was the custom of some gentle- 
men to pour the coffee out of the cup, and drink it 
from the saucer, and to put the cup upon one of these 
plates. When these plates were used for other pur- 
poses, visitors used often to ask what they had been 
originally intended for. 



Charles Tiernan was married three times. 

First on April 38, 1831, by Archbishop Whitfield, 
to Helen, daughter of Judge Richard B. Magruder, 
and Grand-daughter of General John Strieker. 

The Strieker Vault is on the South side of the 
burial ground of the Westminster Presbyterian Church, 
southeast corner of Fayette and Greene Streets. 

General Strieker's portrait, in uniform, wearing 
the decoration of the Cincinnatti Society, used to hang 
over the mantel piece, in Mr. Tiernan's dining-room. 



CHARLES TIERNAX. 319 

and is now deposited in the Gallery of the Maryland 
Historical Society. 

Mr. Tieraan's dwelling house was searched for 
arms, &c., several times during the Civil War, on 
account of Southern sympathies of his family, and on 
one of these occasions, General Strieker's sword, which 
always hung on the rack in the hall, was carried off, 
and could never be recovered. 



General John Strieker was the son of Captain 
George Strieker, a prominent officer of the Maryland 
Line, during the Kevolution. 

He was in command of the militia of Baltimore, 
at the time of the dreadful riots of July 27, 1812, 
when General Lingan and others were killed, and Gen. 
Henry Lee and others badly injured. 

It was thought that Gen. Strieker did not realize 
the seriousness of the situation, at the time, and that 
if the troops had been ordered out sooner, the blood- 
shed might have been prevented, or at least, that there 
might have been less violence. 

He commanded the American troops at the Battl.^ 

of North Point, September 12, 1814. 

His children were : 

Miss Catharine Strieker, who died unmarried ; 

Helen, who married Judge Richard B. Magruder; 

Margaret, who married William Bradford, a des- 
cendant of Governor William Bradford, of Massa- 
chusetts ; 

Laura, who married Captain Joseph Nicholson, 

U. S. N. ; and 

, who married Isaac Coles, of Estouteville, 

Virofinia. 



•5'iO CHARLES TIERNAK". 

Mrs. Helen Tiernan was an intimate friend of 
Miss Eliza Kidgely, who married John Ridgely, of 
Hampton ; and they exchanged Portraits. 

Mrs. Eidgely was extremely handsome, and Mrs. 
Tiernan's grand daughter, Mrs. Helen Coyle, used to 
l^lace Miss Eidgely's portrait upon her dressing table. 

Mrs. Tiernan's portrait, by Sully, is now in the 
possession of Julian LeRoy White. 



Mrs. Helen Tiernan died 18.34j leaving one daugh- 
ter, Helen Catharine Strieker, born 1832 ; married 
Henry A. Fenwick, 1852; died September 7, 1870, 
leaving one daughter,, Helen. 

Among Miss Helen Tiernan's friends, who were 
also her Bridesmaids, were 

Miss Sarah Hopkins, daughter of Basil Hopkins, 
who married John Snowden, of Suowden Hall, Prince 
George's Co., Md> ; 

Miss Catharine Cohen, daughter of David Cohen, 
who married Myers, of New York ; 

Miss Mary Lee, daughter of Hon. John Lee, and 
Harriet Carroll, who married Dr. Letterman, of San 
Francisco ; 

And Miss Achsah Carroll, daughter of Charles 
R. Carroll, and Eebecca Pue, wh-o married William 
Shippen, of Philadelphia. 



Charles Tiernan was married, second, on December 
W, 1836, to Miss Cay Robertson Bernard, of Virginia, 
of whom later on. 




Mrs. Mary Spear Tiernan. 



MRS. ^lARY SPEAR TIE'-JNAN". 323 

He was married, third, by Rev, Father Giustiiiiaiii, 
«i:Mi July 23, 1873, to Miss Mary Spear Nicholas, 
There was uo issue bv this mari"iao-e. 



She was a lady of iiitelligei-ice. and of an attractive 
personality. 

After her marriage, Mrs. Mary Spear Tiernan, 
gave much attention to Literature, in which work she 
WHS greatly encouraged and assisted by her husband, 
■and after his death she seemed to lose all interest in it, 
and abanconed all her efforts. 



Mrs. Mary S. Tiernan was one of the founders of 
^■The Woman's Literary Club," and after her death, 
their tributes to her memory expressed their great 
admiration and appreciation of her. 



Her picture here is tak^n from a Photograph of 
lier ; and the picture of her, in the room of the 
"Woman's Literary Club,"' is an enlarged copy, which 
was taken from the same E^hotograph, 

Mr. C. Tiernan said that she reminded him of Mrs. 
Gav R. Tiernan. 



She contributed a number of essays and Historical 
Articles to the Southern Review, Scribner's Magazine, 
and The Century Magazine. 

Afterwards, upon the suggesHon that she should 
write a Novel, and endeavor to portray the life ^ith 
which she was familiar, she wrote "Homoselle," a Novel, 
the principal incidents of which Avere founded upon 
fact. The plot of it was taken from the history of Vir- 



3'24 MR8. MARY SPEAR TIERNAN. 

ginia. ami turned upon occurrences which had takeii 
place in the earl\' part of this C'entury, during a rising 
uf the negroes for their freedom, which was called 
"(Jabriel's War." 

Mr. K. A. Brock, in a most kind letter, sent ('. B. 
Tiernan an account of this event, from which the 
following statement is taken : 

On December 5, 1800, Gov. James Monroe, in a 
message to the General Assembly of Virginia, stated 
that on August .30, 1800, he had received information 
of a proposed rising of the slaves on that night : that 
their intention was to kill their masters and their fam- 
ilies, and proceed to Richmond, where they would be 
joined by the negroes there ; would seize the public 
arms and ammunition, murder the white inhabitants 
and take possession of the City. 

Governor Monroe took immediate measures to' order 
the Infantry and Cavalry to be placed on guard. 

On the evening of that day there took place one of 
the most extraordinary falls of rain ever known in the 
country. The streams became impassable, thus pre- 
venting the execution of the plans of the negroes. 

On September 1, Governor Monroe convened the 
Council of Htate, and twenty of the conspirators 
were arrested. 

At their trial, it was demonstrated that a general 
insurrection was contemplated ; that they had elected 
Gabriel as General. 

Keligion was also invoked; and they claimed that 
God had said in the Bible, "If you worship Him, five 
of you shall conquer a hundred of your enemies." 

The witnesses at the trials w^ere all negi-oes. 

Five of the conspirators were executed on Sep- 



MRS. MARY SPEAR TIERNAX. o2h 

tember 12, five more on Septemljer 15. Gabriel wjis 
•executed iii Norfolk, in Jannary, 1801. 



Her next Work was "ISuzette," nnd this was fol- 
lowed by "Jack Horner," her last Work. 

Mrs. Henry Newell Martin, formerly the beautiful 
Miss Hettie Gary, said that "Jack Horner" contained 
the best descriptiou of life in Richnior.d, during the 
Civil War, that she had ever seen. 



Mrs. Mary S. Tiernan, was the daughter of Robert 
Carter Nicholas, who was for many years United States 
District Attorney, for Virginia, and Elizabeth Ambler. 
Mrs. Nicholas was the daughter of Colonel John 
Ambler, and Elizabeth Bush. 

Colonel John Ambler entered the Revolutionary 
Army, at sixteen years of age. 

He was the son of Col. John Jacciuelin Ambler, 
who was the first Treasurer of V^irginia, after the 
Revolution. 

R. C. Nicholas was the son of Philip Norborne 
Nicholas, Attorney General of Virginia, and Judge, and 
his first wife, who was Miss Mary Spear, of Baltimore, 
whom he married February 19, 1798. 

She was the daughter of Colonel John Spear, who 
was the son of William Spear. 

William Spear's daughter, Dorothy, married Wil- 
liam Patterson, and was the Mother of Mrs. Elizabeth 
Patterson Bonaparte, and others. 

Another daughter married General Samuel Smith. 

Judge Philij) Norborne Nicholas was the son of 
Robert Carter Nicholas and Ann Gary. 



'S>''2(y JTRS. MAEY SPEAR TTFAiKXW. 

He was named after Lord Botetourt, who was it 
warm personal fFieod of his father, R. 0. Nicholas. 

Lord Botetourt, when he was upon his death-bed^, 
in 1770y sent for R. C. Nicholas,, to be with him in his- 
last moments. 

Robert C Nicholas, was Treasurer of Virginia 
render the Colonial government, and during the early 
part of the Revolution, and resign^ed that office, fin order- 
to take a seat in the House of Burgesses. 

At the time of sending in his Resignation, he made- 
the remark : 

"I leaTe the office of Treasurer with clean hands :: 
certainlvy with enrpty o-iies." 



C. B. Tiernan has the original O'f tiie following offi- 
cial publication ; 



"Treasury Office, July 5, nTff, 
''I have appointed Mr John Burwell, to sign cer- 
tain Bills of Virginia, dated July, 1775, in the room of 
Edmund Randolph, Esq., who had declined that busi- 
ness-. 

*'Rob-'t, C. Nicholas, 

"Treasurer."' 



During the Civil War, from 1861 to 1865, Mrs. 
Tiernan (then Miss Mary Spear Nicholas) was in the 
Treasury Department, in Richmond, employed in sign- 
ing the Treasury Notes of the Confederate Government, 



One of her brothers, George Nicholas, who was 



MRS. MARY SPEAR TIERISTAK. 327 

Color Bearer of his Regim-ent, tiie I2th Virginia, and 
•who was the strongest mail in the Regiment, was in- 
stantly killed by a shell, at the second Battle of Manas- 
sas, August 29, 1862, 

Another brother. Spear Nicholas, Sergeant of 
Artillery, in the Otey Battery, C. 8. A., was morttilly 
nvounded in a Battle at Fayette Court House, West 
Virginia, September 21, 1862, and died ten days after- 
ward. 



The following is a Poem by her, which was pub- 
ilished in 7'ke BaUimorean, in October 1875 : 



iHis Last Charge To The '-Old Stoxewall Brigade."' 

The last words of the great Jackson were: 

"Let lis cross over the river, and i-est under the 
Sihade of the trees." 



^'Bear me gently, boys, over the river, 
Let me quietly rest in the shade, 

For this parting shall not be forever, 

Of your leader, and his gallant brigade! 

"You have covered my name, boys, with glory ; 

And soon for me, will the conflict be o'er. 
But by the fields you have won, grand and gory^ 

You must follow your leader once more. 

"By your glorious campaign in the Valley, 

Y^ou've made immortal your valorous band : 



o2S MRS. MARY SPEAR TIERXAN"; 

And soldiers ! once more, you must rally, 

Obey once more, your leader's command. 

"In your night watches, painful and dreary, 
After marching and fasting all da^. 

You have pressed forward, way-worn and weary,. 
And have always been first in the fray. 

"In our dreadful war path, we've left lying,. 

Some comrades, like soldiers asleep : 
And to- day hath its wounded and dying, 

God pity the women who weep. 

"The shadows of death darken o'er me, 

And my strength is ebbing slowly away ; 

The last battle of life is before me. 

And the victory will be won before day ? 

"One dark river more, to cross over ; 

Another valley still to pass through : 
And then, boys, I will rest under cover, 

Of the bulwarks that remain for the true. 

"In this parting hour, still and solemn. 
The last order of your leader is made ; 

Soldiers, "Present I" an unbroken column, 

To our High Captain^ the Stonewall Brigade I 

"When our Master, his muster roll calleth. 
Let every warrior be at his post. 



MRS. MARY SPEAR TIERNAK. 329 

And when one of my countrymen falleth, 

Heaven will gain, what our army hath lost. 

"I leave with a soldier's affection, 

The brigade that has followed me far ! 

To the great and the powerful protection, 
Of my Commander in peace and in war. 

"Bear me gently, then, over the river. 

Let me quietly rest in the shade, 
For this parting shall not be forever. 

Of your leader and his gallant Brigade." 



Charles Tiernan died January 12, 1886. 

He is buried in the Vault which had been built 
by his Father, which is now in Bonnie Brae — with 
his Father and Mother, and twenty-five members of his 
Family. 

This Vault is the largest single vault in the Ceme- 
tery — the triple Vault of the Jenkins Family being the 
only one that is larger. 



He left several Notes for his son. 

The following extracts show the character of them 



"My Dear Son: 

" * * * I would prefer not to have any obitu- 
ary Notices inserted in any of the papers, and I desire 



330 MRS. MARY SPEAR TIERNAN. 

that all the funeral arrangements may be as plain 
and simple as possible. * * * 

"You will have a weighty and responsible duty to 
perform towards Mrs. Tiernan and your Sisters ; and I 
feel confident that your inclination and your duty will 
induce you to do all and everything that may lie in 
your power, for the comfort, convenience, and happiness 
of my wife and your Sisters. * * * 

"And now may Heaven's blessing attend you all. 
"Your Afffctionate Father, 

"Charles Tiernan." 



Mrs. Mary Spear Tiei-nan died in the night, be- 
tween January 12 and 13, 1891. She is buried in 
Greenmount Cemeterv. 



The following verses appeared shortly after her 
death : 



"In Memokiam. 
"Mrs. Mary Spear Tiernan. 



"Nay, Azrael !* thou ghostly messenger, 
Angel of Death ; whose fateful icy breath 

Strikes down the strongest; why did'st come to her I 
Whose ripest womanhood bore noblest fruit, 

And we were robbed ere the world moved astir. 



"Nay, Azrael, thou camest with the dawn 

When the black night had burst its cerements, 

*Azrael means, in Hebrew, Help of God. 
He is the Angel who watches over the dying. 



MRS. MARY SPEAR TIERNAN. 331 

And waked into a uew day, gray and wan ; 

Thou earnest with icy touch of death to her, 
So full of life and strength, and she is gone. 



"Azrael, Azrael ! could'st thou not have found 
Some weary of life's burden for thy prey ? 

Some broken spirit weary of its wound, 

That prayed for rest ! and spared the earnest life 

That shed fine influence on all around ! 



"Nay, turn thine eyes from me ! Thou sayest true 
Thou art God's messenger to his beloved ! 

Not only wrecks thac time and sorrow strew, 

But brave strong souls God needs at his right band I 

Heaven welcomed her, ere we could say, Adieu." 

A. E. L, 



"The Sun" of October 21, 1891, has the following; 



"Tributes To Mrs. Mary Spear Tiernan". 

"Fragrant tributes to the memory of Mrs. Mary 
Spear Tiernan, the Baltimore novelist and essayist, were 
heaped in beautiful profusion on the mantels, tables 
and desks of the rooms of the Woman's Literary Club 
yesterday afternoon, the autumn flowers turning the 
tastefully decorated home of the club into a sweet 
smelling bovver. 

"The meeting was a memorial one, and the pro- 
gramme of the afternoon was devoted exclusively 
to the reading of fragments of Mrs. Tiernan's works, 
of memoirs and critiques, and of poems written in her 
memory by members of the club. 



333 MRS. MARY SPEAR TIERKAN. 

"Mrs. Lawrence Turubull presided, and opened 
the meeting by an eloquent tribute to the talent and 
character of the Baltimore woman, in honor of whose 
memory the club had assembled. Miss Lydia Crane 
read an interesting memoir and critique, written by 
herself, and also two fragments from Mrs. Tiernan's 
works — the first a passage from the novel 'Homoselle,' 
which gave a delightful illustration of the author's 
keen wit and descriptive powers; the second, an essay 
on Southern life, which was sent to the club for the 
memorial meeting by Dr. Herbert B. Adams, of Johns 
Hopkins University. 

"The essay was one which Mrs. Tiernan had 
written for Dr. Adams and was incorporated by him in 
a lecture delivered at the Peabody Institute. 

"A tribute to the author's memory was read by 
Miss Milnor ; and Miss Cloud read several passages 
from 'Homoselle' and 'Jack Horner.' Original poems 
were read by Mrs. Charles Lord, M'ss Zacharias, Mrs. 
Easter and Mrs. John T. Graham, the first-mentioned 
stanzas having been penned on the day of Mrs. 
Tiernan's death. 

"Mrs. Tiernan died January 13, 189L Much of 
her early life was spent in Kichmond, and the fruit 
of this period is seen in the admirable pictures of 
Virginia life and the War times, in her novels. She 
was the widow of Charles Tiernan, a Baltimore mer- 
chant, who was once United States consul at Mexico. 
Mrs. Tiernan was a contributor to the Century and 
Scribner's Magazines, and to the old Southern Review, 
and her literary work was often the most interesting 
part of the programmes at the Eight O'Clock Club 
and the Woman's Literary Club. 



MRS. MARY SPKAR TIERN^AISi. 333 

"She was one of the organizers and an active 
member of the latter. 

" 'Homoselle," 'Suzette' and 'Jack Horner' are 
among her most important works." 

Every year, since her death, on All Soul's Day, 
November 2d, the Ladies of the "Woman's Literary 
Club," have decorated her grave with flowers; at the 
same time that they have decorated the graves of their 
other deceased members, as well as those of John P. 
Kennedy, Edgar Allan Poe, Sydney Lanier, and all 
those men ynd women who are buried in Baltimore, 
who have endeavored to contribnte to the Literature of 
our Country. 



334 • MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 

Gay Robertson Bernard, born February 25, 
1817, at her father's home, "Gay Mont," Caroline 
County, Virginia; was married to Charles Tiernan, 
December 20, 1836, and died in Baltimore, December 
14, 1868. 

She was educated in Richmond. 

C. B. Tiernan has a niimber of Mementos of his 
Father's and Mother's School days. 

He has a number of Cards, upon which is in- 
scribed : 



"To their beloved Pupil, Master Charles TrER- 
NAJs, of Baltimore: 

"In Testimony of his successful exertions, in the 
"Class of rational arithmetic, during the year 1811. 

"This Card is affectionately inscribed, 

"by the President and Professors, 

"of St. Mary's College, Baltimore.'* 

Those of 1811 and 1812 for Writing and Algebra, 
and Geometry, are signed by William Dr Bourg.* 
President. 

Those of 1813, 1814, and 1815, for Writing, French, 
Mathematics, and Spanish, are signed by J. B. F. 
Paquiet, President. 



He has a Certificate of his Mother's, inscribed 

*He was the founder of St. Mary's College, and 
with Madame Seton, was the means of establishing the 
Order of "Sisters of Charity" in the United States. 

He was for some time Bishop of St. Louis, Missouri, 
and died Archbishop of Besancon, in France, in 1833. 



mrs. gay r. tikknan. 337 

"Reward Of Merit, 

"Presented to Miss Gay Bernard, 

"For Ijer Attention, Studies, and Good Behavior 

in School, 

"by her Teacher, 

"Mrs. Broome. 
"20th July, 1830." 

Also a Silver Medal, with the word "Merit," 
and a Sprig of Laurel, npon one side, and upon the 
other side a Bee-Hive and Bees. 



Upon leaving school, her Father added to his 
honse, for her, a room, which is called the Drawing 
Koom, at Gay Mont. 

It is built in an Octagon shape, and was intended 
for a ninsic room, for the Harp, the Piano and the 
Gnitar ; and has a floor which was laid on the j^rinciples 
of a sounding board. 

This picture of it, is taken from an amatenr Photo- 
graph. 



She was a lady of fine appearance, and graceful 
and dignified manners. 

She had some talent for art — drew and painted in 
Water colors, quite well, and was an excellent performer 
on the Harp. 



C. B. Tiernan found the following, in the hand- 
Avritino: of H. V. Somerville: 



'43S MRS. GAY R, TIERNAN. 

"Bloomsbury, September 20, 1833. 

"The following lines, written in Virginia, in August 
last, are very respectfully inscribed to Miss Gay Ber- 
nard, who, in a most interesting conversation with the 
writer, remarked, thit "among men. Love, now-a-days, 
had degenerated into a mere selfish feeling of conveni- 
ence. 



^'When Cupid was a little boy, 

All full of frolic, freak and joy. 

Before his naughty tricks began, 

Or man had learned his ways to scan, 

His mother, with a heart of glee, 

Took the young urchin on her kn^e, 

And then suffusing him with kisses, 

And musing on the thousand blisses. 

Which Love was doomed in time to show, 

Us silly mortals here below ; 

The goddess with celestial mien, 

That spoke at once the heavenly queen. 

Thus her darling son addressed. 

Who seemed most pleased when most caressed. 

My dear boy, said the blooming Venus, 

There is a ligament between us, 

Which I decree shall ne'er be broken. 

While love endures, or vows are spoken. 

I've formed thee bright as Phebus' ray, 

AVith heart both sensitive and gay. 

And now to you the power is given. 

To rule the world and reign in Heaven ! 

Descend to earth and tell the Fair, 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. d'M^ 



That trifles light as limpid air, 
Affect men's hearts with magic power, 
From monarch's liall to shepherd's bower." 



Her Father took her to Saratoga in tlie summer of 
I8;35. 

Among her friends at this period of her life, was 
Miss Angelica Singleton, of South Carolin:i, who after- 
wards married the son of Martin Van Burfu. 

As the President was a widower, slie was the Mis- 
tress of the White House, during his tei ui, from 1837 
to 1841. 

Her portrait is now in the green room, which is 
used as a music room. 

One of her letters is : 

"Miss Gay Bernard, 

'•Saratoga Springs, 

"New York. 
"The Pavillion, Canada^ 
"August 14, 183-">. 
"Ma Chere Gay: 

"Mr. Richardson tells me that it is his intention to- 
quit us this evening, and short as is the notice, I can- 
not let liiui leave us without complying with my 
promise to acquaint you with our proceedings. 

"We crossed Niagara River just before dinner, and 
I am now wild with impatience to view the scene from 
Table Rock, ami in momentary expectation of being 
summoned to commence the pilgrimage. 

"Oh, Gay! it is not yet too late — persuade your 
Father to bring you here. Imagination cannot picture 



3i0 MRS. GAY R. TIERISTAN. 

such a scene as you will here behold. Pen cannot 
describe it — indeed, it I think it requires another 
faculty more than falls to the lot of mortals to compre- 
hend it. Think what an effect it must have had upon 
me, when I tell you that I rose this morning at sunrise, 
that I might see it in every possible point of view — 
and amply was I rewarded for the effort. One phenom- 
enon which I witnessed, I never saw before, nor never 
expect to see again. We had ascended the Tower, by 
Terrapin bridge, to take a last look at the American 
view of the Crescent fall, when, lo! upon the face of 
the waters was thrown as perfect a ring as ever the hand 
of man formed, of the most vivid rainbow tints, dazzling 
to behold. The shadow of the Tower was the only 
interruption to the circle — and not once only, was it 
seen, but half a dozen times, as the spray was thrown 
over us. 

"I htive scarcely been dry half an hour since I 
have been at this place, and have explored every spot 
where it is practicable for the foot of man to intrude. 
I have run up and down the Biddle stair case until 
my feet ache at the bare idea ; and I expect Mr. Eich- 
ardson rues the hour when he was induced to join such 
a harum scarum party as ours. Poor fellow ! Be merci- 
ful to him. Gay. The youth is ten fathoms deep in 
love ; and can you guess, ma Belle, who 'tis keeps him 
uneasy. Ah, c'est la faute de vos beaux yeux, ma 
petite, coquette that you are, with such a pretty little 
innocent air, as the child assumes. 

"What has become of little Kickshaw, as my Lady 
(Cassandra) Nisbet calls little Nap. I thought his was 
a desperate case. As for De Leisseline, he talked so inces- 
santly of you, that Marion, at length, bet him that he 



TSIRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. Bil 

'Could not refrain from mentioning your name for a day. 
So the poor child solaced himself, and avoided the pro- 
hibition, by hoping that he might meet with Gay com- 
pany on his return to Saratoga. I had a faint hope 
that we should meet Lady ISlisbet and yourself here, 
before our departure. I fear me, though, that my wish 
■will not be realized. We leave day after to-morrow for 
Montreal, thence to Quebec, down Lakes Champlain 
and George, and the river Hudson to New York, when 
I hope we shall meSt. Pray, make arrangements to 
he at West Point on the night of the 28th of August. 
I still hope we shall be there. Next Sunday we hope 
to attend the Cathedral at Montreal, which I look 
forward to with anticipations of much pleasure. 

"Make De Leisseline describe Niagara for you-. 
He will do it more justice than I can possibly, in the 
few minutes they have allowed me to scribble to 
you. 

"Adieu, ma petite, they are preparing to go, and I 
have to change my dress, previous to penetrating 
behind the Fall. The spray drenches you equal to a 
shower bath. As I write, I am sensible of tlie tremulous 
motion of the house induced by the concussion of the 
Fall, and the windows shake in their frames as though 
there was a storm brewiiig. 

"Present my kindest remembrances to your Parents, 
and to any friends who may chance to be at Saratoga, 
•remember me affectio lately, and bid them come to 
Niagara, if they wish to have their wildest imaginings 
more than realized. Excuse this illegible scrawl. It 
will occupy a half hour in decyphering it. 
*'Ever thine, ma chere, 

"Angelique Singleton." 



34:2 MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 

She spent the winter of 1836 in Washington, in 
the house of her LTncle, Hon. John Robertson, who was 
a Member of Congress from Richmond, and she was ad- 
mired and received considerable attention, from many 
of the most distinguished people of that time. 

Hon. John P. King, U. S. Senator from Georgia,, 
was a very particiilar admirer of hers. 

0. B. Tiernan has a seal which the Hon. John 
Forsyth, who was Secretary of State under Jackson and 
Van Buren, had caused to be made for her, which has 
the inscription, '■^Toujours Gay,^^ cut in it. 



The intimacy with the family of the Hon. William 
Wirt, has been hereinbefore referred to. The following 
is a letter from Miss Cathnrine Wirt, after wai'ds Mrs. 
Alexander Randall, of Annapolis : 



"Single, 
"Miss Gay Bernahd. 

"Port Royal, 

"Caroline County, 

Virginia. 



"Richmond, July 1, 1836. 

"Grey Castle, Fridav evening. 



"My Dear Gay : 

"I am sitting in the parlor, with my bonnet on, in 
readiness for a promenade, in a few minutes, into the 
country, to 'The Cottage'^as we call the residence of 
Miss Archer — our compagnon de promenade, is Mr. Mal- 
herbe, a French gentleman, with whom we became ac~ 



MRS. CxA.Y R. TIERNAJJ". 343 

quaintetl in Florida, where he had purchased a Phinta- 
tion, near that of his friend, Colonel Murat.* 

*'He has been in town about a fortnight, and has 
spent every morning and evening of that time with us, 
except one rainy Sunday, which forms, I think, a suffi- 
cient apology for my not having been able to answer 
your kind letter sooner. 

"Mr, Malherbe is decidedly the most interesting 
Frenchman I have ever known ; he has none of the 
grimace, or petit niaitrei,<ihnef<s, the frivolity or insouci- 
ance, which usually characterize that Nation. He is 
grave, and unusually dignified in his manners, possesses 
great refinement and sensibility, with unusual cultiva- 
tion, and natural esprit. 

"There is a shade of sadness in his character and 
countenance, which lend additional interest, to a high, 
pale, forehead, on which the dark locks clnster qnite 
poetically, a hawking eye, and a mouth, whose peculi- 
arly bland smile, when in gentle mood, or haughty curl, 
when angrily excited, are not quite lost, beneath a dark 
monstache. He has just enough of the foreigner, in his 
tournure, accent and manner, to be graceful and pic- 
qnant. 

"Saturday 16th July. 
"Really! My Dear Gay, 1 cannot help smiling at 
my own enthusiasm, as displayed in the above sketch. 
"One would certainly think, to read it in cool bloody 

*Napoleon Achille Murat, eldest son of Marshal 
Joachim Murat, King of Naples, and Caroline Bona- 
parte. He was born in Paris, in 1801, and died with- 
out issue, in Florida, in 1847. 



3'44 MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN". 

that this must be a hero of the first water; a very non- 
pareil; and all the while, he is nothing more nor less, thaft 
a very accomplished, gentlemanly and agreeable, French 
gentleman. 

"He left here for New York, last Wednesday, 
whence, after sjiending five or six weeks transacting his 
business, he |5i-oposes going to the White Sulphur 
Springs — and youniay, probably, meet him there. My 
Uncle, Aunt, Cousin Lizzie, and Sister Ellen, left us for 
that })lace yesterday week, where they will be for sev- 
eral months. Were it not for the cheerin-g presence of 
Sister Elizabeth (Mrs. Goldsborough) and her beautiful 
and playful little boy, the liouse would be insupport- 
ably quiet and melancholy in this diminution of our 
numbers. 

"Mr. Goldsborough will be here early next month,, 
and will probably take his family to the Springs, and' 
then my mother, my brothers and myself must cling to- 
gether more closely than ever, by way of comforting, 
each other. 

"I have a Harp, too^ the counterpart of yours, which 
I shall keep, if possible, until I can obtain one from 
England. It is a sweet-toned instrument, and I am 
delighted to have such a companion, although I miss 
the double action, and I am obliged to lay aside some of 
my finest pieces as unplayable, with these pedals. 

"We went to Miss Mary Susan Leigh's Wedding,, 
last Thursday evening. The Ceremony was just overy 
when we arrived, and the Bride looked brilliantly 
flushed from the excitement of the occasion. Her 
eostume was perfectly simple, and happily adapted to 
her small and youthful figure, and girlish appearance — 
% robe of checkered white gauze, trimmed prettily 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN". 345 

with satin piping, white satin shoPS, pearl ear rings 
and pin, and a wreath of orange blossoms in her raven 
hair. 

"The Gro:)ni, Conway Eobinson, looked as ^'done 
clean up/'' and spruce as possible. Mr. and Mrs. 
(Benjamin Watldns) Leigh, and the Robinsons were 
perfectly contented at a match, so every way suitable, 
and the rest of the company, which was small, nn jjeu 
stup ide. ' 

"There was no Supper, no daucing, no music, ex- 
cept a little from Elizabeth and myself. We passed the 
time in eating ice creams and promenading in the par- 
lors and portico. 

"The bridal pair leave to>vn to-day, first to visit 
their relations in the country, and then to make the 
Northern Tour. They do not propose returning and to 
go to housekeeping before October. 

"The gentleman with whom I found most pleasure 
in conversing that evening, was a Mr. Skipv/ith, a cousin, 
I believe, of dear, Eliza's, who is said to be a suitor 
of Parke Garter's. His eyes are very clear, searching 
and vivacious ; and he seems intellig^ent and pleasing. 
He said that he never had the pleasure of seeing his fair 
cousin, but hoped to do so ere long, though he full well 
knew that these cousins are dangerous tilings. 

"Virginia Tucker and Mr. Brooke are to be married 
the 23nd of next month. Miss Dandridge and Mr,. 
Hunter, a fortnight, afterwards. 

" '■Tout le monde se marie, il faut, Sc/ 

" Your Cousin Mary called to see Sister, not long 
ago, looking in perfect health. "We proposed visiting 
her to-day, but the rain, which has been falling- since 
last evening, will oblige us to defer it yet longer.'' 



346 MRS. GAY R. TIERISTAK. 

The whole paper is taken up, and there is not even 
space enough left for the signature. 



General Winfield Scott and his wife, Mrs. Maria 
Majo Scott, were particular friends of her family, and 
they used frequently to stay at her Father's house. 

Mrs. Scott writes to her just before her Wedding : 

"To Miss Gay Robertson Bernard, 

"Gay Mokt, Virginia. 
"Favored by 

"Miss Colquhol'n. 

"ElcHMOND, Dec. 18, 1836. 

"At last, and most reluctantly, my Dear Gay, I 
yield to Fate, ai^d must announce to you that it is im- 
possible for me to join you at Gay Mont, on the 20th 
instant, thus relinquishing the hope of a delightful 
visit, and of a Merrier Christmas than has fallen to my 
lot in many a year. 

The cause of my disappointment is little Ella's* 
indisposition ; she having been under the care of a phy- 
sician for tive or six days past, and being yet, though 
convalescent, quite too delicate for me to leave her. 

"I cannot express to you how much I regret it- 
more especially when I ponder on your Mamma's mes- 
sage and arrangement for herself and Mrs. Thornton 
and w?/se?/, which I considered so enchanting! 
; "Pray gis'-e my love to them both, and kindest 

compliments to Mr. Bernard. 

"Perhaps my letter half will be of your happy party, 

*Marcella Scott, afterwards Mrs. Charles Carroll 
Mactavish. 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 347 

as he has several times expressed a hope that it would 
be in his power to wait on you. If so, tell your Mamma 
and Caroline Thornton, to be very glad to see him, 
but not to put even liim exactly in my place. 

"In seriousness, my dear Gay, let me say that I j^ray 
with earnestness for your happiness, present aid future. 
"And shall ever be, 

"Your faithful friend, 

"Maria Mayo Scott." 



C. B. Tiernan has a Bible of his Mother, in which 
is written : — - 

"Gay Bernard, 
"From Her Aunt, 
"Sarah Lightfoot. 
" December 20, 1836." 



After her marriage, she came to Baltimore, where, 
as elsewhere, where she had been, her circle of friends, 
were some of the best and most refined people. 

Among these were Miss Emily Harper, Madame 
Bonaparte, Mrs. John Lee, Mrs. John Hanson Thomas^ 
Mrs. William George Read, Mrs. George Brown, (Isa- 
bella McLanahan). 

Mrs. George S. Brown told C. B. Tieruan that he 
was always one of the first persons that she thought of 
inviting, when she gave a party. 



Mrs. Tiernan's character was simple and truthful, 
and her husband said that, unlike himself, she was 



348 MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 

always a peacemaker, and was constantly making efforts 
to reconcile any differences among her friends. 

Mrs. John H. B, Latrobe, a lady who is first among 
her equals, "prima inter pares," among the elegant 
women of Baltimore Society, who has honored C. B, 
Tiernan with a friendship which he greatly values, has 
often spoken to him about his mother, who, she said, was 
a "rare woman," and that "she was one of the most de- 
lightful acquisitions to Baltimore society." She said 
there was a flaror of originality about Mrs. Tiernan, 
which was very noticeable, and that she was an inde- 
scribable difference, even in her manner of wearing ar- 
ticles of dress and ornaments, which was very attractive. 

Mrs. Latrobe always sought her company at enter- 
tainments. 



Miss Jane Carroll, of Duddington, told Miss Ida 
Brent, that she saw Mrs. G. R. Tiernan, shortly after 
her marriage, at a party ; and that she had never seen 
a greater combination of elegance and sweetness ; and 
that during the whole evening she could not keep her 
eyes from looking at her. 



This picture of her, is taken from a portrait by Miss 
Sarah Peale, painted in 1837, now behmging to C. B. 
Tiernan. 

Mrs Tiernan used to say that Miss Peale, Avhen 
painting it, was very particular to paint everything 
just as it really was, and that she could not paint an 
ornament or article of dress from imagination; but the 




MkS. CiAY 11. TlERNAN. 



MRS. CxAY R. TIERNAN. 351 

article was re(|uired to be worn exactly in the manner 
in which it was to be painted. 



In the winter of 1837, there was a very handsome 
"Fancy Ball" given at the residence of Mrs Benja- 
min I. Cohen, on the southwest corner of Charles and 
Saratoga Streets, which was one of the notable social 
events that has taken place in Baltimore. 

This Fancy Ball was so successful, that it was re- 
peated, later in the winter, at the Assembly Rooms, on 
the corner of Holiday and Fayette streets. 

C. B. Tiernan found among his Father's papers, two 
printed descriptions of it, in which the names of the 
Ijadies and Gentlemen who had taken part in it, were 
printed in Italics; and had been filled out by Charles 
Tiernan in lead pencil. 

Mr. John H. B. Latrobe, who had taken a promi- 
nent part in this Ball, and had appeared in two charac- 
ters ; one, in the early part of the evening, and another 
in the latter part of it ; asked C. B. Tiernan to give 
them to h'm, as he said that he wished to use them in a 
work of his own Reminiscences, which he was preparing. 

Mr. Latrobe's distinguished talents, and his wide 
experience, eminently qualified him to have produced a 
Personal Memoir, which would have been second to no 
work of its kind, in interest ; and it is greatly to be re- 
gretted that he did not accomplish it. 

Miss Rachel E. Cohen, a daughter of Mr. Benjamin 
I. Cohen, wrote C. B. Tiernan a most kind Note, offer- 
ing to shov/ him one of the Invitations to the Ball, and 
a couple of the little books, which had been written 
about it; and also to give him some of the points of 
what she had heard in regard to it. 



352" ' M"RS. GAY R. TIERNAiir. 

The Invitation is upon both sides of an enamelled;' 
card. 

On one side, is a wreath of flowers^ and. inside off 
t'he wreath :- 



''Mrs. B. I. CoHEN''s 
"Fancy Dress Party, 

^^Thursday, Feburary 2.nd« 



And on the other side: 
"The HoKOR of 



"Company is solicited,, at 8 P. M. 
'January 22, 1837." 



Miss R. E. Cohen writes; 

"At their own Ball, my Parents received m fulE 
Ball costume, as that was the most dignified dress for 
the Host and Hostess. 

"At the Ball at the Assembly Eooms, my Mother- 
wore the gorgeous and correct costume of a Queen, and 
mv Father took the amusing character of a Wandering 
Fiddler, disguising himself by means of a false Nose, &C.,. 
to the mystery of his many friends, * * * '^ 

Mr. Cohen was a fine musician, and played upon' 
his own violin, sometimes with the orchestra, and after 
they had finished a piece, he would play alone, which- 
he did so beautifully, that the crowd gathered around 
him, not knowing who he was, and it was only when be- 
took oft' his false nose, that he was recognized^ 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 353 

The writer ventures to give the names of u vei'y 
few of the severul hundred guests; among whom were 
officers of tlie Army and Navy and distinguished 
strangers. 

Miss Emma Meredith, a beantiful Fairy, dress of 
silver and white. Mrs. Caton, a splendid dress of black- 
velvet. Mrs. Patterson-Bonaparte, Queen Caroline, 
magnificent and costly jewels. Mrs. J. IT. B. Latrobe, 
Highland Lady. Mrs. Robert Gilmor, splendid Ball 
dress. Mrs. Robert Gilmor, Jr., Medora. Miss Matilda 
Cohen, from Wales, Peasant girl from Wales, speaking 
Welsh perfectly (she was a sister of Mrs. David Cohen). 
Miss Frick, Novice. Mrs. Charles Tiernan, Turkish 
Lady, very beantiful dress of silver and white. Miss 
Eliza Skipwith (afterwards Mrs. Basil B. Gordon), 
Bernese peasant girl, to whom Mr. Robert Campbell, 
of Sonth Carolina, as Conrad the Corsair, was making 
himself agreeable. Miss Annie Campbell Gordon, Anne 
Page, (afterwards Mrs. John Hanson Thomas). Miss 
Colgate Nisbet, Gipsy Queen. Miss Elizabeth Hall, 
Anne Page, (afterwards Mrs. Horatio L.Whitridge.) Miss 
Shubrick, Countess of Chateau nenf. Mr. Louis Smith, 
Touchstone. Dr. Thomas H. Buckler, Andrey. She 
carried a bng on her arm, and the guests put in it any 
thing that came to hand. A gentleman, at supper, put 
a spoon full of ice cream in it, saying, "Mrs. Cohen, do 
you think it will keep?" Late in the evening, Mr. 
John S. Skinner f^aid to Mr. John H. B. Latrobe, as 
Audrey passed by, '"Of course she is a woman, and an 
impudent jade she is, too." Miss Ellen Travers, Night. 
Mr. William Henry Hoffman, a Turtle, afterwards a 
Turk. (Dr. Buckler said to Miss Travers, who was 
very handsome, and afterwards married Mr. Hoffman, 



354 MRS. GAY R. TIERNAI5'. 

"Are you not afraid that Turtle will crawl ou you ?") 
Mrs. Somerville, Highland Lady. Mrs. Samuel Hoff- 
man, Turkish dress, very handsome. Miss Martha 
Gray, Gipsy. 

Mr. William Donnell. Italian Noble. Mr. William 
Tiffany, Bhick Friar. Mr. John P. Kennedy, Neopoli- 
tan Fisherman. Mr. William Meredith, Indian Chief. 
Mr. Pierce Butler, of South Carolina, (he married Miss 
Fanny Kemble), Figaro, from Kossini's opera, "The 
Barber of Seville." He was niiite a friend of Mr. Tier- 
nan. Mr. Charles Tiernan, Pelham, from Bulwer's 
Novel, which had shortly before appeared. Mr. McHenry, 
Ancient costume. Mr. William Frick, Captain of the 
Water Witch. Mr. Patterson, Shepherd Boy. Mr. S. 
wings Hoffman, in Court Dress. 

The following is a 'etter from Miss Catherine Wirt, 
in answer to one from Mrs. C. Tiernan, in which this 
Ball, had been described. 

This letter, like many others here given, was writ- 
ten before the introduction of steel pens and envelopes 
and postage stamps. It covers nearly all the paper, 
and even the sides ; leaving only the space of the front 
and back, for the address and seal, unwritten on. 



"Mrs. Gay Bernard Tiernan, 
"Lexington Street, 

"Baltimore, 

"Grey Castle, Richmond, 
■ - "February 13, 1837. 

"My Dear Gay: 

"Your charming, racy, and descfiptive letter, 
was received last Monday, and I would fain return 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 855 

to you, some portion of the eager delight, which its 
perusal gave me ; but where are the materials to come 
from? When will Richmond arouse from her mono- 
tony, sufficiently to furnish forth such a scene of min- 
gled magnificence and amusement, as that which you 
so graphically portray in your 'Fancy Ball T 

"It is vain to hope it, but at least, let me express 
to you, my sweet Friend, the admiration which your 
playfully graceful letters excite in me, and the affection 
which your artless expressions of attachment for me, 
and the development of character which they open to 
me, have warmed into a glow in my heart. 

'•Each succeeding letter makes me admire and love 
you more and more, and I prize your corresjiondence as 
among the promoters of my most vivid gratification 
and happiness. 

"I can't tell you how often I have read and re-read 
your last delightful letter, not only to all the members 
of my own family, but also to some of our casual even- 
ing visitors, all of whom united iii eulogizing it, to 
my heart's content, and I have also extracted largely 
from it, for the amusement of my friends in the far-off 
wilds of Florida, so you see it has done good service. 
It is the unstudied ease of your style which })eculiarly 
pleases me. Your putting down with such elegant 
neglige, 'tout ce qui se trouve, au bout de la plume,' as 
Madame de Sevigne so happily expresses it. 

"Write ever thus^and you can never cease to charm. 
Your It'iter has infected me with somewhat of your 
own buoyant and happy spirit; the whole world seems 
to you tinted co?f/cMr de rose, everybody beautiful, every- 
thing delightful, long may it be so, my dear and lovely 
friend. 



356 MRS. GAY E. TIER]SrA]<r. 

"May life be to thee a summer's day, 

And all that thou wishest, 
And all that thou lovest. 

Come smiling around thy sunny way! 

"Your expressions of tenderness for your little 
Helen, are just what I expected from your affectionate 
heart. Yes ! I do think her maternal Grandmother 
(Mrs. Judge Magruder) ought to consider the dear 
child's welfare, rather than her own doting, though 
natural affection, and resign her to her Parents ; and I 
do not doubt but that when she comes to know you 
well, my own Gay, she will do so, with the entire confi- 
dence that you will be to the lovely little creature all 
that her own Mother could be. 

"Catherine Chatard was always a special favorite 
of mine, she has not, perhaps, the exceeding beauty, 
and colloquial vivacity, which renders Mrs. Somerville 
so universally and irresistibly fascinating, but there is 
a gentle dignity of manner, a concentration of feeling, 
and a pervading sweetness of character and countenance, 
which are fully as attaching, and she is quite sufficiently 
handsome. 

"Indeed, dear Gay, you find a responsive echo in 
my heart, to your admiration of Mr. Tiernan's excellent 
family, in all its branches, for I love them all fo: their 
own sakes, and doubly so for yours. 

"Your regal costume, no doubt, became you much 
at this same Fancy Ball, but the next time I shall like 
to see you personate a Naiad ; some closely fitting cos- 
tume which would display the sylphid harmony of your 
delicately moulded form and beautifully turned limbs, 
while your eyes, 'blue water lilies,' should throw their 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAIf. 357 

modest radiance through the gossamer veil, which should 
■enshroud you as a trausparent mist, through which the 
dew-bathed freshness of your complexion should be dis- 
tinctly visible in all its breathing loveliness. Venus 
Anadyomene. (Rising from the Sea.) 

"Somehow or other, the flexible lightness and 
symmetry of your figure, the peculiar expression and 
coloring of your ey<i and tint, always brings before my 
mind this Goddess of the sea, born in the bosom of the 
waters, issuing from the waves and wringing her 
tresses over her shoulder, wafted by the zephyrs, and 
wearing the mysterious girdle of beauty, grace and 
elegance. 

"I am not poetising, Gay sweetest, though I confess 
it sounds somewhat like it. I am only giving utterance 
to my deliberate conviction, so nut a syllable of mock 
modesty on the subject. 

"Is Margaret Meade with yon ? If so, tell her with 
my love, that I cannot find anyone to copy the Harp 
Duet she requested, and that I have tried, in vain, to 
steal time from the incessant encroachment of visits 
and parties, to do it myself, so in despair, I have cut 
the leaves out of the two volumes in which they were 
bound up, and will send them to her the very first 
chance which may offer, to make what disposition she 
pleases of them. * * * * My new Harp has not 
yet arrived from Kew York, but I am watching for it 
daily, as for a very dear friend and companion. 

*'Have you a Harp yet ? And do you have much 
time to practice ? 

"Eichmond has been oppressively gay for some 
weeks past. Parties almost every night, and sometimes 
two or three of an evening. 



358 MRS. GAY R. TIER]S"ATir, 

"Tomorrow night, /or example, there is the regular 
Soiree of every other Tuesday, at Mrs. Dr. Cabell's ; 
a Ball at Chapman Johnson's, and a philosophical Lec- 
ture by the eloquent and witty Thomas Walker Gilmer ; 
all of which, we wish, if possible, ta attend,, and on last 
Saturday evening, there were parties at Mrs. General 
eral (Winheld) Scott's, Dr. Tazewell's and Mr. Triplett's. 

"But the grandest effort made here lately, was 
The Bachelor's Ball, at the Powhatan House. 

"The large eating Hall was elegantly oniamented 
and lighted, and the throng danced there to a fine Band 
of music. 

"There was a banquet spread in the dancing room 
up stairs, and a Music saloon, in which were : Harp, 
Piano and Guitar. 

"Mrs. Robert Randolph,* of Wilton, several other 
ladies, and myself, made music there occasionally, in 
the breathing pauses of the dancing. 

"Do you remember Charbonuel's curious applica- 
tion of this ward ? 'My Fader was a Frenchman, my 
Moder was an Englishman, and I was born occasionally 
(i. e. accidentally) in Italy.' 

"The on dits on the Tapis here just now are that 
Mary Anne Gwathmey has just discarded Shirley Carter 
and engaged herself to the Adonis, James Watts, 
Carter Gwathmey is in a fair way of success with the 



*Mrs. Robert Randolph, of Wilton, w^as formerly 
Miss Cunningham, o-f Norfolk. She was considered 
very handsome, and was a friend of Mrs. G. R. Tiernan. 

She married, second, Hon. James Brooks, of 
New York, Member of Congress, and Editor of "The 
Express." 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 359 

l)eautiful Emily Smith, of Norfolk, and Barbara Col- 
3ioun shortly to consammafec her engagement with 
Trigg.* So nuK'h for the influence of your wedding. 

"Eemember me kindly to John Hoffman, | who is a 
pet of mine, rather an odd one, n'est oe pas ? To my 
■good Count and all enquiring friends. 

"Tell Cassandra Nisbetj; I shall always have an af- 
fection for her as long as I abide 'on the stormy coast' 
of this world, and I hope she will love me some, too. 
Kiss both your dear and lovely sisters and sweet Eliza 
Skipwith for me. See as much of my precious sister as 
you can spare time for, in which case, I defy you not to 
love her. 

"Ask Mr. Tiernan, not to engross you too entirely, 
if he has any sort of regard for me, but to remind you 
to write often, to 

*'Your affectionately attached, 

"Catherine. 

*Their son, Connolly F. Trigg, Member of Con- 
gress from Virginia, in 1885 and 1880, married 
Pocahontas, daughter of Hon. Wyndham Robertson. 

fMr. John Hoffman was a well-known bachelor, in 
Baltimore, of whom the story was told, that on one occa- 
sion, being in the country with a party of ladies and gen- 
tlemen, and among them one of his cousins, who was ex- 
tremely ceremonious ; as they were all walking upon the 
iawn, a large Peacock, with its head and crest erect, and 
every feather spread, marched straight up to him, and 
he immediately saluted the bird of Juno, taking off 
liis hat to it, and exclaiming, "A Hoffman, by Jove !" 

|Miss Cassandra Nisbet, had been a Bridesmaid of 
Mrs. Tiernan. 

She married Colonel Thomas J. Lee, I".S. Engineers. 



360 MRS. GAY R. TIERZsTAlSr. 

"Ellen and Lizzie Cabell desire their love to you; 
and to dear Mrs. Somerville. I meet your uncle Wynd- 
ham (Robertson) and your two sweet Aunts constantly 
— all well and charming." 



These letters have appeared to possess a general 
interest, which would make their perusal agreeable ta 
the publiCy which seems ta be beyond the personal 
interest in them of the individuals to whom they are 
addressed ; and has made it abundantly worth while to- 
endeavor to preserve them, at least for a short tinip, by 
putting them in print. 

It is otherwise pro-bable, that they would soon be 
lost or destroyed, as indeed a good many have been, to 
the writer's regret. 

More might have been given, but it was thought 
that these were fair specimens of the whole. The effort 
has been made, sacredly to preserve all private confi- 
dences, and to give as little old, and as much neio 
material, as possible, and not to mention any name in a 
manner to which there could be the slightest objec- 
tion. 



Mrs. General Scott writes her the following letter 
in verse, in the spring of 1837, expressing her regret at 
their not being able to meet one another, at Gay 
Mont: 



MES. GAY R. TIERNAJf. 361 

"To Mrs. Gay R. Tiernait, 

"Care of John Bernard, Esq., 

"Port Royal, Virginia, 

"Richmond, Va., 1837. 



"We wished, clear Gay, when parting last. 
Nay meant, whate\er came on't 
Before the vernal months were past 
To meet again at Gay Mont. 

"And damsels fair and matrons rare, 
(None lovelier than the Dame on't 
Even were enchanting Thornton there), 
Invited me to Gay Mont. 

"Fruits, flowers, music, billiards, chess, 
"A friend who loves a game on't, 
A Host himself, whom ne'ertheless 
I beat sometimes at Gay Mont. 

"Books, needles, (for I love to sew. 
And e'en must bear the shame on't) 
And other pleasures 'ever new,' 
Awaited me at Gay Mont. 

"Bright visions these — and if they fade. 
Cast not on me the blame on't, 
For strenuous efforts have I made 
•To go again to Gay Mont. 



362 MRS. GAY R, TIERNAN. 

"'Tis stern necessity, my friend, 
(1 hate the very name on't), 
Which bids me now my way to wend, 
Northward, and not to Gay Mont. 

"I pray you disabuse his mind, 

(Full well I know the frame on't), 
Who deem it rather 'less than kind' 
That I come not to Gay Mont. 

"Tell him and tell his Ltidy bright, 
If she should think the same on't. 
That, though I come not, day and night, 
I sigh to visit Gay Mont. 

"To both my grateful love I send ; 
Few have so great a claim on't. 
And pray that hapjjiness attend 
On all that dwell at Gay Mont. 

"Nor friend, nor stranger can there be ; 
For who but knows the fame on't. 
That would more truly joy to see, 
The countless charms of Gay Mont. 

"There is my sorrow in rhyme, my dear 'Light of 
the Harem,' and very sincere, notwithstanding the jing- 
ling terms of it. I did hope to see you all here 
chemincint to the Convention, but, this, it seems, is not 
my lucky year. 

"If you have the opportunity, please send me my 
■black' silk cloak, which was left like a condemned (and 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN". 363 

execntecl) criminal, haugiug by the neck in the closet, 
in mij choiiher. 

"You see I am not disposed to relinquish my rights 
at Gay Mont, though it is not in my power to enjoy 
them this summer. 

"If you, my dear Gay, and Mr. Tiernan, under the 
influence of 'truant disposition,' should leave home, I 
hope that you will wander to Hampton Place ; you will 
find a warm and earnest welcome there, now and always^ 

"The time, I trust, is not very far distant, when 
Mr. Bernard and my first ^dear Gay,' will have forgotten 
the disagreements of last year, and be tempted to repeat 
their visit with pleasanter consequences. 

"A thousand times may Heaven bless them and you. 
"Your affectionate, 

"M. Mayo Scott." 



Mrs. Tiernan was not a Catholic, and some years 
after her marriage, at a time that her husband was in 
New Orleans, upon business, she expressed her desire 
to become one. 

The following is the letter from Archbishop Eccles- 
ton, to her, u])on the subject : 

"Mrs. Charles Tiernan^, 

"AscENSiOK OE Our Lord, 1843. 
"My Dear Madam : 

"I have received a letter, from my good friend, the 
Eeverend Mr. Eider, informing me that it is your in- 



364 MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 

tention to enter the Church, before your departure 
for Virginia, and that you desire to confer with me 
upon the subject. 

"I unite with you, my dear Madam, in thanking 
Almighty God, for so signal a blessing, and I shall be 
honored in co-operating w^ith His holy work. 

"You will oblige me by informing me when you 
leave for Virginia. 

"Wishing you all the peculiar graces required in 
your present state of mind, 

"I am Respectfully and Devotedly, 

"Yours in Christ, 

"Samuel, 
"Archbishop of Baltimore." 



C. B. Tier nan has a handsome copy of the "Ursu- 
line Manual," which was given to her by Archbishop 
Eccleston, and which has this inscription in it, in 
his handwriting : 

"Presented to 

"Mrs. Charles Tiernan, 

"On the day of her first Communion, by her Father, 

"The Archbishop. 
"Feast of Saint Mary Magdalen of Pazzi.^ — (May 
37th), 1S43." 

The present condition of this Prayer Book shows 
that it was very much used. 



Another of her very warm friends, was Madame 



MRS. GAY R. TIERN'AN. 



3G5 



Dctavia Walton LeVert, a woman who was probably as 
much admired in this country and in Europe as anyone 
has been. 



She writes from Coleman's Eutaw House: 

<'Nov. 4, 1860, SuxDAY Morning. 
"My Beloved Gay : 

"Many thanks for your kind note, and the book, 
which I shall read with infinite pleasure: 

"I am sorry I can't go to the Cathedral to-day, but 
I have so little time to be with Papa, that I must re^ 
main with him during the morning. 

"I am very much indebted to yoti, darling Gay, 
for the delightful evening you gave me. It was really 
charming. 

"Yesterday Mr. Ardisson sent me a beautiful bou-- 
quet and two lovely stanzas of Italian poetry. Was not 
this pleasant and chivalric? I was so charmed' with 
him. I cannot tell you with what pleasure I look for- 
ward to the joy of making you a visit. 

"Present me tenderly to your noble husband, and 
sweet Gay and Anna. Love to Laura when you write. 

"Farewell, my precious friend Gay. 

"Believe me always, 

"Your attached and devoted, 

"OCTAVIA. 

^'Always your own as in 'The Beautiful Days that 
are no more.' " 



After she was married and came to Baltimore and 
went to housekeeping, her father gave her several ser- 



366 MRS. GAT R. TIERNAlSr. 

vants, Daniel, Eliza, Liddy and Jim (Matthews), who 
were members of the family of the Coachman and 
Lanndress at Gay Mont, Uncle Dal, and Aunt Sukey 
(Matthews). 

Daniel remained with the family until his death,, 
about 1870; receiving $16.00 a month wages, after the 
Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln. 

On one occasion, in 1866, Mr. Charles Carter Lee^ 
the elder brother of General R. E. Lee, took dinner at 
Mr. Tiernan's. Mr. Tiernan spoke to him of Daniel, 
and told him who he was, and requested him to take 
some notice of him. 

Upon dinner being announced, Mr. Lee crossed 
the dining room to Daniel, who was standing with his 
plated waiter in front of him, and extending his hand, 
said : 

"Daniel, Mr. Tiernan tells me that you are a son- 
of Uncle Dal, the Coachman of my old friend, Mr. 
Bernard ; I knew your father, and he was a perfect 
Gentleman." 

Eliza, the only survivor, now past 70 years of age^ 
is the wife of Albert Dowrey, and lives at 1129 Brighton 
Street, She is now in the service of Mrs. Anna D. 
Tait, and frequently calls upon C. B. Tiernan for 
counsel ; and is a representative of the respectable class 
of high-toned, old school colored people to which she 
belongs. 



Mrs. G. R. Tiernan died in the night, between the 
13th and 14th of December, 1868. 

Mrs. Ann Mary Coleman, a daughter of Hon. John- 
J. Crittenden, of Kentucky, sent the following sympa- 
thetic tribute to her family, the next day: 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 367 

"Blessed are the pure of heiirt, for they shall see 
God! 

"Died at her residence, the night of the 13th, Mrs, 
Cay Bernard Tier nan, in the 5 2d year of her age. 

"Farewell ! refined and gentle spirit, all that there 
was of you, was 'pure womanly.' 

"Your only ambition Avas to seek after such things 
.as were 'honest, lovely, and of good report.' You were 
brave enough to suffer and be silent, and that is true 
heroism. 

"You died at home, surrounded by all sweet house- 
hold mementoes and memories ; with dear family love 
encompassing you ; with loving hearts and eager hands 
devising alleviations for your sufferings, and comforting 
and cheering you by their reverence and tenderness, 
with the sweet conviction that you had not lived in 
vain. 

"This was as it should have been. Your character 
was harmonious, and it was fitting that your surround- 
ings should have been in unison with your life. 

"During an illness of three years, you were to 
the last, the centre around which your family revolved. 
Soft rest your ashes! The peace of God, which 
passeth all understanding, abide with your liberated 
and glorified spirit. 

"A. M. Crittenden-Coleman. 

^'December 14, 1868." 



Mrs. G. R. Tiernan is buried in her husband's 
Vault, in Bonnie Brae. 



568" MKS. GAY R. TIERNAN-. 

Tliey bad four children, namely : 
--' Anna Dolores, married December 26, 1872, John; 
E. Tait, son of George Tait, and Eliza Morrison, his- 
wife. 

"John Robinson Tait, Artist, was bora in Cin- 
eiunati, Ohio, January 14, 1834.. He graduated at 
Bethany College, Virginia, in 1852. He then went to 
Europe for three years ; devoting himself to Literature,. 
Sketching and Riinting. In 1859 he went abroad 
again, and studied at Dusseldorf, under August Weber 
and Andreas Achenbach. He published, 'Dolce far 
niente,' Philadelphia, (1859), and 'European Life,. 
Legend and Landscape,' (I860); 

"He designed the Art Hall of the second Cincin- 
nati Exposition ; and received first-class Medals at the- 
Gincinuati Expositions of 1871 and 1872. 

"Li 1873 he paid a third visit to Europe, and 
studied in the Tyrol and Munich, under Adolph Lier 
and Herman Baisch. Since 1876 he has resided in. 
Baltimore. 

"His works include The Siebengebirge, (1865); The- 
Lake of Wallenstedt, (1866) ; and Meyringen, (1866): 
and The Lake af the Four Cantons, which ai'e in the- 
Cincinnati Art Museum ; The Vesper Hour, and 
Tyrolean Cottage, which were exhibited at the Salon of 
1876 : Crossing the Brook, and Landscape and Cattle,, 
which were exhibited at the Centennial Exposition in 
Philadelphia, in 1876 ; Norwegian Waterfall, (1869);, 
Solitude, (1871); A Eainy Day, (1874); Under the 
Willows, and Noon, (1877). 

"He has published Poems, and has contributed to- 
Magazines, and written a Comedy in German, called 
Ein Aufrichtiger Heirathsgesuch.' " 



MRS. GAY 11. TIERNAN. 369 

Appletoirs Cyclopedia of American Biography, 
Vol. VL, p. 20. 

Among his friends were Thomas Buchanan Read, 
Michael Munkacsy and George Du Manrier. 

Charles Bernard Tiernan. 

Gay Bernard, married Henry A. Fenwick in 
April, 1877. 

Henry Augustus Fenwick was the son of Dr. 
Martin Fenwick, of Evergreen, West River, Maryland, 
and Juliet Ghequiere, his wife, daughter of Charles 
Ghequiere. 

Dr. Martin Fenwick was the son of Joseph Fen- 
wick. 

Joseph Fenwick was born in St. Mary's County, 
Maryland, where his family had been settled for several 
generations, and some of them had been prominent 
citizens. He removed from Maryland to Missouri. 

Laura Cecilia, married October 17, 1865, Joshua 
Peirce Klingle, son of Dr. Klingle and Juliet Coates, 
his wife. She was a member of the Coates family, 
after whom Coatesville, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 
is named. 

Her sister, Susan Coates, married Joshua Peirce, 
of Liunaean Hill (named after the Swedish botanist 
Linnaeus), on Pock CJreek, in the District of Columbia. 

There was no issue of this marriage; and Joshua 
Peirce be({ueathed his place to his nephew, J. P. 
Klingle. 

This place contained about ninety acres, and 
had a large and handsome nursery garden of trees 
and shrubs and plants, and was quite a show place for 
many years. 

Mr. Klingle told C. B. Tiernan that he had 



370 MRS. GAY R. TIERISTAN". 

superintended, for his nncle, the phuiting of nearly all 
of the trees in the parks and squares of Washington. 

A great part of Liunaean Hill has been purchased 
by the United States Grovernmeut for the Zoological 
Gardens. 

There was issue of this marriage, one daughter, 
Susan Beatrice Klingle, born July, 1867. Married 
Edward Irving Darling, September 17, 1885. They 
had issue : Nancy, born June, 1887, and Charles Tiei nan 
Darling, born December, 1888. 

E. I. Darling died February 14, 1894, and she 
married, second, in Corpus Christi Church, Baltimore, 
March 6, 1895, Dr. Francis X. Spranger, Jr., of Detroit. 

There was no issue of this marriage. 

She died in Santa Cruz County, California, June 
20, 1895. 

Dr. F. X. Spranger, Jr., married, second, August 
15, 1900, Miss Augusta Weber, of San Francisco, 
California. 

Mrs. Laura C. Klingle died December 2, 1885, and 
J. P. Klingle married second, 1889, Miss Mary Morris- 
son. There was no issue of this marriage. 

J. P. Klingle died July 4, 1892. 

He and his first wife and daughter, and his father 
and mother, are buried in the Peirce Vault in Kock 
Creek Cemetery. 



C. B. Tiernan found, in t>he handwriting of his 
Father, the following verses by his Mother. 

It is hoped that filial feeling is a sufficient excuse 
for producing them here : 



MRS. GAY R. TIERNAN. 371 

"A Mes Enfants, Tous les Quatre. 

"Anna, thorn rose of the May, 

Humming bird gracefully gay, 

Tasting of many flowerets a day. 

Little epitome of contradictions, 

Fiery, yet meek and prone to fairy fictions, 

Wilfully, gently shy. Aside 

Poring over the pictured page, 
My violet eyed. 

"Charley, youthful sage and scribe, 
Preacher named in playful gibe. 
Principles, would scorn the bribe. 
Eyes which suffuse with feeling, gray. 
Not prone to Spartan brevity. 
But speak eth right grandiloquently. 
Oft musingly he holds his way. 
He seeketh not the boisterous fray. 
My noble boy, and only one. 

"And now in leash of love they come. 
My singing birds, the elder one. 
Gay, of orient full dark eye 
'Omnibus ;' heartily, cheerily gay. 
Little, beloved scape grace, say 
Thou sprite of merry mischief, 
Wilt thou be quiet, pray ! 
Thou art lovely as the day. 

"Laura, 'tandem felix,' Lark, 
Too timid even to love the dark. 



373 MRS. GAY R. TIERNAlvr. 

Her chief est dread, the painted mask. 
She plyeth well her lighter task. 
Twisting her slips and cutting papers, 
Bearing her colored paper babies, 
Singing, laughing, catting capers. 
My sylphide Saint Cecilia girl. 
"March, 1851." 




John Hipkins Bernard. 



JOHN H. BERNARD. -^75 

John Hipkins Bernard was the son of Willuim 
Bernard 2d, and Fanny Hipkins, his first wife. 

He was born on Jannary 10, 1790; Married Jane 
Gay Robertson, May 16, 1815; Died April 4, 1858. 

His picture here is taken from a portrait of him 
by Jar vis, and that of his wife, Mrs. Jane Gray Bernard, 
from a jiortrait of her by Vanderlyn, which were 
specially bequeathed by him to his daughter, Mrs. G. R. 
Tiernan, and which are now in the possession of C. B. 
Tiernan. 

Another portrait of Mrs. Bernard, by Thomas Sully, 
after the one by Vanderlyn, was loaned by C. B. 
Tiernan to the Maryland Society of the Colonial Dames, 
and was pronounced by Mrs. Jane Howard King, to be 
'' the srem of their collection." 



J. H. Bernard was educated at Charlotte Hall, 
St. Mary's Co., Maryland, and it is probable that his 
warm friendship with the Somerville family, which 
was of long standing, began at this time. 



Henry Vernon Somerville writes to his wife : 

'•Mrs. H. V. Somerville, 

"Baltimore, 

"(Steamboat, l-2c.) 
''Gay Mont, near 

"Port Royal, Dec. 2, 1833 
"My Dear Wife : 

"I met with my friend Bernard on the steamJjoat 
just before we reached Leeds, and he positively forbade 
the Captain's landing, unless we would consent to 
■visit him, and so the parson (Wm. Tiernan) and myself 



376 JOHN H. BERNARD. 

came over to spend a couple of days, and to my sur- 
prise, found a company of fifty odd persons from this 
neighborhood and Fredericksburg, invited to meet 
us. 

"We dine to-morrow at Hazel wood, the beautiful 
residence of the late Col. John Taylor of Caroline, the 
author of 'Arator.' 

"Indeed, we have invitations for a week to come, 
but have declined all except this, and I shall return to 
Pope's Creek the day after to-morrow. 

"I have found everthing in better condition than I 
expected — the crop of corn larger than I calculated on, 
and the crop of wheat of 300 bushels seeding put in 
well and looking flourishingly, and promising the best 
crop of wheat I liave ever grown here. 

"I want to mature the necessary arrangements for 
putting in fifty acres of tobacco, and shall then return. 
If I succeed in this crop it will add greatly to my 
revenue from Pope's Creek. 

"I gave Smardon orders to sell the hogs so soon as 
they were fat enough, and you must give Mrs. McShenny 
instructions about the hams — do not allow her to put 
more than a small teaspoonful of salt to a ham — for I 
think our hams have heretofore been injured and 
rendered hard by too much saltpeter. 

"I iiave prepared this letter for the Steamboat in 
the morning, and if the rain ceases I will have some 
partridges to send to you and Catherine, as I have never 
seen so many as in this neighborhood. 

"Bernard killed thirty odd the day we arrived, on 
Saturday last, but it is now raining, and I fear we 
shall not be able to go out. 

"I have seldom seen a more delightful family than 



JOHN" H. BERNARD. 377 

this — amiable, hospitable, and Mrs. Bernard a most 
polished woman. 

" I have some notion of sending twenty hogs after 
being butchered, up on the schooner, as I have a noble 
killing of seventy odd. If I do, I will write directions 
when the schooner is ready, which will probably be in 
three or four days. 

" Are you getting hearty and fat, and how is my 
poor little Button (their son Robert, born November 6, 
1833) — has he got a good nurse, and does he look any 
better, I have my fears about him. 

" The first opportunity out, write to Mr. Smardon 
whenever the weather is too zvei to plough, to send Mr. 
Davidge the wood, as I ordered, and be particular in 
getting returns of good loads of shells. If too wet to 
plough say to him that he might send all the teams in. 
I want 25 cords delivered to Mr. D,, who pays $4 a cord, 
for it. I left an order to this effect, but it will be 
well to repeat it. 

"We are well, and I shall be quite disappointed and 
vexed if you are not in good flesh when I return — get 
fat and it will prevent your getting fatter, at least so 
the doctors say. 

"Love to all. Tell mother the parson is most 
correct in his deportment in every respect, and does 
honor to his family. 

" Yours truly, 

" H. V. S. 

"The ladies beg particularly to be presented to you, 
and the girls say you must be the happiest woman in 
the world to have such a husband as I am. I suppose 
the opinion has some reference to my * * * " 

The rest of this letter is torn away. 



378 JOH]<r H. BERNARD. 

John H. Bernard represented King and Queen, 
Essex, King William, Hanover and Caroline Counties 
in the State Senate of Virginia in 1828. 

His home — Gay Mont— in Caroline County, con- 
tained about 2,000 acres of land, cultivated by about 60 
slaves, and his cotton plantation in Greene County, 
Alabama, contained 2,940 acres, cultivated by about 70 
slaves, besides which he had unimproved lands in 
Arkansas and Texas. 

In illustration of the American fancy for titles 
the story is told : that during one of his visits to the 
South, at a large dinner where everyone was a Colonel, 
or Captain, or Judge, some one asked him what he was. 
Although he had been for a short time on the stall of a 
General at Norfolk, during the war of 1812, he replied, 
that he did not wish to accept an inferior rank, so they 
might call him General, and C. B. Tiernan has a num- 
ber of letters from that section, addressed to him as 
'General Bernard.' 

General Dabney Herndon Maury, in his work 
called "Recollections of a Virginian," p. 254, says : 

" It was once my delightful privilege to pass the 
Christmas holidays with Judge Butler and a company 
of bright ladies and gentlemen, old and young, at 
'Hazelwood,' that old Virginia home of the Taylors of 
Caroline. * * * 

" We had a dinner party every day, and every night 
had its delightful close in a dance at Gay Mont, Port 
Royal, or Hazelwood. The house, big as it was, had 
no vacant beds, or empty places at the table, and we 
young people greatly enjoyed the old people. 

" I remember a dinner of twenty or more seats, 




Mes. Jane Gay Bernard. 



JOH:sr "H BERNARD. 381 

When we young men and maidens listened with delight to 
"the witty and wise conversation, sustained by Judge 
Butler, William P. Taylor, of Ifayfield. and John Ber- 
nard of Gay Mont. We young folks ceased our merry 
•chat and listened with rapt attention to the wisdom and 
■wit, and charming narratives and wise discussions of 
this cultured trio of refined gentlemen of the old school. 
" In a long experience I can recall nothing so ele- 
gant as was that Christmas week," 



His wife, Jane Gay Robertson, bom July 1, 
1795 ; died July 19, 1852; was the daughter of William 
Robertson and Elizabeth Bollinsr, 



It was desired to have given a few of Mrs. Ber- 
nard's letters, but it was thought best not to do so, as 
they were of a personal nature, and it was difficult to 
make a selection among them, and this work has ex- 
tended far beyond what was originally anticipated. 



Their children were : 

Gay Robertson, hereinbefore mentioned. 

Mary Eliza, who married George Guest. 

She died October, 1895, leaving two sons, Bernard 
E. Guest, who married Miss Eliza Chisholm ; and Frank 
Barks-dale Guest. 

William Robertson Bernard died unmarried. 
He served with credit in the Confederate Army. 
Captain F. Chatard, when in command at Drury's Bluff, 
below Richmond, spoke of William R. Bernard and 
John Penn Taylor, of Hazelwood, as being good soldiers 
wnder him. 



3^82 JOHN fl. BERNARD. 

Lelia Bglling married Powhatan Robertsons. 
They had issne: Ann, died unmarried. John Bernard 
Eobertson, and Powhatan Robertson, and Gay, who' 
married Alfred Walton Fleming. 

Caroline Pocahontas, who married Dr. Martin 
Pickett Scott. 

They had issue: John Bernard Scott, Gay; Bessie,. 
who married Ballard Preston, and Lelia, who married 
Richard H. Alvey, Jr. 

Helen Struan, who married Philip Lightfoot 
Robb. They had issue: Robert Gilchrist Robb, Philip 
Lightfoot Robb, John Bernard Robb, Fanny, Helen 
and Gay. 



John H. Bernard and his wife are buried in the- 
grave-yard at Gay Mont, with a small number of other: 
members of the family. 



"KOEEllTSO:Nr. 



383 



A brief notice of the Robertsons here, may not 
!be out of place. 



They are called by the Highlanders tbe Clan Dona- 
•chaidh, or the brown-haired clan, and inhabited large 
tracts in Athol, a district of Perthshire, Scotland. 

Several years ago, C. B. Tiernan was elected to the 
Membership of this Clan, upon the recommendation of 
William S. Whimster, of Glasgow, whom he had met 
traveling in Greece. 

This Clan, formerly put 800 men upon the field of 
battle. 

Duncan of Athol, the first chief of note, was a 
friend and ally of Robert Bruce. He sheltered Bruce, 
and fought with him against the Red Comyn, and also 
iit Bannock burn. 

One morning, as the Clan was marching to Ban- 
nockburn, he noticed a ball of brilliant rock crystal, 
about two inches in diameter, glittering in a clod of 
earth which hung to the standard pole. 

This stone, which is called ''clach na brataich," the 
Stone of the banner, has been carried on the Chief's 
person, ever since, when the Clan was "out," its vary- 
ing hues being consulted as prophetic of the fate of 
battle. On the eve of the battle of Sheriffmuir, in 1715, 
where the Stewart cause was lost, the Chief first ob- 
served a flaw in the crystal. 

In 1437, Robertson of Struan, apprehended Sir 
Robert Graham and the Master of Athol, the murderers 
of King James I., and received from James II. a charter 
converting his lands into a Baronj^ and an addition to 



3^4"' Robertson;. 

his coat of urnis, of a crest; "a hand holding an irnperiali 
crown," with the motto, " Virtutis Gloria Merces " — 
Glory is the reward of Valor— and underneath the- 
shield a wild man chained. 

The residence of the chiefs was at Dnn Alister^ 
npon Loch Rannoeh, where nothing now remains but 
their burial place, a negiected spot, surrounded by a. 
wall, and choked with weeds. 



King James VI, of Scotland, I, of England, used. 

to say, "other sons are Carles' sons-, but Robertson of 

Struan is a gentleman." 

See "Scottish Clans and their Tartans." 

" Struan," an article by John Brown, author of 

**Rab and His Friends," in tlie Peabody Library. 



The Clans of Scotland were destroyed by Act of 
Parliament in 1747. 

The oath, required at the time, was very severe,. 
and prohibited "the possession of any arm whatsoever,, 
and the use of the tartan, plaid, or any part of the- 
Highland garb." Encyclopedia Brittaniea, vol. 5, p. 801, 

About 1890 there was a movement to restore the- 
clan sentiment, "and to reorganise them upon a basis- 
non-political and non-sectarian, and to cultivate social 
intercourse, and ta render assistance to deserving mem- 
bers ; to encourage education, and the collection, preser- 
vation and publication of records and traditions bear- 
ing upon the history of the Clans." 

Colonel Sir Fitz Roy McLean, Head of the Clan 
McLean, told C. B. Tiernan that he had paid a delight- 
ful visit to Canada and the United States, in 1893, and 



ROBERTSON. 385 

that he had received great atteutiou from the memberB 
of his Clau in various cities, and particuhirly in Chicago. 



The Clan Robertson was inaugurated in Edin- 
bugh in 189-^^ and their Koll is ihe largest of all the 
Clan Societies. 

C. B. Tiernan has received many of the kindest 
letters from Mrs. S. R. Matheson, Hon. Secretary of 
the Clan, and also papers containing interesting 
accounts of their meetings at Aberdeen, in January, 
and at Dankeld, in June, 1899. 

At the first of these, Sheriff Robertson spoke of 
the loyalty of the Clan, and of the remarkable fact 
that the same man, Alexander Robertson, the Poet- 
Chief, ^^ho joined the army at Killiecrankieas a lad, was 
also the Chief in 1715 and 1745. In 1746 his estates 
were annexed to the Crown. 

He was the Model of the "Baron of Bradwardine/' 
in Sir Walter Scott's Novel, "Waverly." 

At Killiecrankie, their leader, the Marquis of 
Dundee, better known as Claverhouse, in Sir Walter 
Scott's Novel, "Old Mortality," was killed in the moment 
of victory. When William III. was told that his army 
was defeated, he merely remarked : "If Claverhouse is 
killed the war in Scotland is over. 

At the gathering at Dunkeld, the Chief, Struan, 
said in his address, that "nearly opposite Faskallv, on 
the side of the road, is a slab, five feet in height and 
two in breadth, which has been raised over the remains 
of a noted Jacobite champion, Donach Dhu, who, at 
the battle of Killiecrankie, had cut off heads and arms 



386 ROBERTSON. 

like thistle tops, and had afterwards died of his 
woimds. Eest in peace. 

"When Douach died, the south wind cried, 

The drooping fern looked dim, 
The old crag groaned, the lone ash moaned. 

The wild heath sang a hymn. 
The leaves crept near, though fallen and sere. 

Like old friends mustering round. 
And dew fell from the heather bell. 

Upon his burial ground." 



Mr. John Eobertson, "Old Blair," read the Secre- 
retary's report, and regret was expressed at the death of 
Hon. William Ewart Gladstone, (his Mother was Miss 
Ann Eobertson) Dr. T. Seton Eobertson, of New York, 
and others. 

The Chief said that he had the honor of wearing 
two buckles which had been worn by Prince Charles 
Edward, and showed a ring which had been given by 
Prince Charles Edward to Flora McDonald, and also 
gave an opportunity to those present to see and handle 
the Clach-na-brataich. 



William Eobertson, merchant and Baillie of 
Edinburgh, and a cousin of Alexander Eobertson of 
Struan, married Christian Ferguson. 

They had six sons and one daughter, John, Wil- 
liam, Arthur, who was Chamberlain of the City of 



ROBERTSON. 387 

Glasgow, in 1766, Eobert, Patrick and Archibald, and 
Agnes, who died young and unmarried. 

"Patrick and Archibald Robertson emigrated 
to America in 1746, most likely in consequence of the 
battle of Oulloden, as their branch of the family were 
adherents of the Stewarts. 

"Patrick EoBERTSON settled in New London, Con- 
necticut, and has left descendants, gome of whom are 
prominent in the learned professions." 

Magazine of American Plistory, December, 1881, 
page 430, 



Archibald Robertson settled in Prince George 
County, Virginia. He married in 1748, Elizabeth Fitz- 
gerald, daughter of John Fitzgerald and Elizabeth 
Poythress. They had three sons and two daughters. 
William, Archibald and John, and Christian and Eliza- 
beth, 

John Robertson was Deputy Commissary Gen- 
eral of Virginia in 1781. (See Calendar of Virginia 
State Papers, vol. ii, p. 223, &c.) 



William Robbbtson, the eldest son, born Feb- 
ruary 5, 1750, was sent to his Uncle Arthur, in 
Glasgow in 1766, and remained with him two years, 
and revisited him in 1771. 

He married, May 7, 1775 Eliabeth Boiling, eldest 
daughter of Thomas Boiling of Cobbs, in Chesterfield 
county, and Boiling Hall in Goochland County. 



388 ROBERTSON-. 

He mercluuulised in Petersburg as a, member of the 
firm of Eamsav Menteith & Co., but was not successful 
in business, and in October, 1775, he returned to his 
father's home in Prince George County. 

It is believed that he was the William Robertson 
who enlisted as Ensign in the 2d Virginia liegiment, 
October 21, 1776, resigned 1776. — Ileitman's Eegister. 

He removed to Eichmond, studied law, and was 
made Clerk of the Council, and afterwards for many 
years was a Member of the Council of the State of 
Virginia. 

His son John says of him : 

"He was of the usual size, well shaped and well 
favored, of a serious, but cheerful countenance, and 
much given to meditation on the wisdom and works 
of God. 

"He had u generous, humane and affectionate 
heart; and when fallen from the height of al)nndance 
into penury, he was yet ready to share with those more 
needy, the pittance that was left. 

"He believed tlie whole duty of man was that 
summed up by the Prophet Micah : 'Do justly, love 
mercy, and walk humbly before thy God.' 

"On a Scotch pebble, brought by him from the 
loved land of his fathers, transparent as glass, was en- 
graved his family device — a dove and a serpent — the 
symbols of innocence and wisdom — with the motto — 
Virtu tis Gloria merces. 

"And this motto, and the precept of the Prophet, 
were lamps unto his feet, and lights upon his 
path. 

"Weary of his long journey, he gladly received the 



^ROBEETSaSr. -^oS 

^rolered arm of man's best frieTid— nnterrified at the 
ithoiight of entering the dark valley, and the shadow 
rthat separates time from eternity ; nay, hopefully as- 
.-sured of enjoying beyond it, the glorion-s reward he had 
•endeavored to deserve, by exemplary virtues. ' 

He died in 1829, and his wife in 1830, and they 
rare both buried at Cobb's. 

They had thirteen children ; of whom, five of the 
.-sons, and two of the daughters, married, viz.^ 

Archibald Eabertson married Elizabeth Boiling: 
rtheir descendants have left no issue. 

Thomas Boiling Eobertson, born Eebruary -27, 
1779, was educated at William and Mary College, and 
:studi«d law. In 1807 he was appointed by President 
Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of the Territory of Louisi- 
ana. Upon the admission of Louisiana into the 
Union as a State, in 1812, he was elected as its first 
Eepresentative in Congress, and served three terms, 
from 1812 until 1818. 

He served with eonsideral)le distinction, -and 
v-aoeeptably to his constituents, during a period of 
importance in our political and military history, which 
included the War of 1812. 

Whale Member of Congress he visited Europe, and 
«was in Paris during the Hundred Days ; and was pres- 
^enfc at the sitting at which Napoleon took leave of the 
Deputies on his departure for Waterloo, and saw 
Napoleon, when he appeared before the same body, to 
•abdicate the empire, after his great disaster, as calm 
and collected as on the first occasion. 

He wrote an account of these events, which was 



3^0'' ROBERTSONT- 

published in the Riehmond Enquirer, and subsequently" 
in book form, by Carey, of Philadelphia^ in 1816p. 
under the name of ^'Events in Paris ;" and went through.! 
several editions. 

He was aftei-wards elected Governor of Lwiisiana. 
After the end of- his term he was appointed Attorney.^ 
Greneral, and then United States District Judge for the 
District of Louisianas 

He went' to the White Sulphur Springs,. Virginiaj- 
fbr his health,-and died there, October 5, 18:^8. He is- 
buried in the Cemetery there. 

He married Lelia Skipwith,- There was no issue- 
of this marriage. 

His widow became the second wife of Humberstou 
Skipwith, of Prestwould, Mecklenburg County, Vir- 
ginia. They had issue, Peyton Skipwith and Lelia,^ 
who married John- Boybin Lee. 

William Eobertson, was a Member of the House o0 
Delegates of Virginia. He married Christina Williams,, 
and has left descendants. 

John Robertson man-ied Ann Trent, and has left- 
descendants. 

He was bom in 1787, was educated at William- 
and Mary College, and studied law. He became Attor- 
Aey-General of Virginia, and served in Congress three- 
terms,, from 1834 to March 3, 1839, He was Lieuten- 
ant-Governor of Virginia, and was for many years- 
Judge of tl>e Circuit Court in Richmond-. 

Powhatan Robertson visited his relatives in Scotland- 
about 1818, and brought to his brother John, a silver 
Ibowl,- with the family coat of arms engraved upon it. 



EOBERTSOK. '^m 

Tlis "brother, after thanking him for it, had the Coat of 
•arms removed, and the American Eagle snbstituted, 
saying that it was the only coat of arms to which, as 
an American citizen, he was entitle<lc 

C. B. Tiernan found the following, in manuscript, 
in an Album of his Father and Mother. 

"On Powhatan Robertson, who died at Bay St. Louis 
(on the Gulf of Mexico), the 18th of October, 1820, in 
"the tiventy-third year of his age: 

"Burst are the Bonds which once snstained 

Life's fragile, tender thread! 
-And that fine form which always gained 

Affection — lost and dead, 

-^'Yes, gentle spirit, thou hast sought 

Thy native sphere the skies, 
But in thy hapless Parents' thought 

Thine image never dies. 

•■^'Fond memory there sTiall of ten traoe 

Thy goodness, worth and sense, 
A.nd fancy then restore that face 

Of bright intelligence. 

"But, ah! thou fair and blighted flower 

Not destined here to bloom, 
'Teach us to bow to that great Power, 

Who willed thy early doom. 

*^Thy spotless life one lesson taught^ 
'Twas purity revealed, 



K0BEllSS0T!5r; 

And from: thy birth uo single thouglitr^ 
Eequired to be concealed, 

**What shall I say ! P(>whatan''a- worth < 
Could find few equals here, 

T-hat he must break the ties of earth* 
Togain his native sphere," 



In Congress, Judge Robertson's abilities were highfjR" 
esteemed. He was called a stickler for the Constitutioo,- 
At the funeral of a fellow member of Congress he re- 
fused to receive a pair of black gloves from the Ser- 
geant-at arms, saying that he procured his own gloves. 
An illustrative story was invent&d upon him, by his- 
witty friend, Hon. Waddy Thompson, of South Carolina,- 
that beiug- in Washington, and thought about to die, he- 
Begged as a last request, not to be buried at the public^ 
expense, as he did not think that, under the Constitu- 
tion, there was any right for such an appropriation- 
Some one said of him, that if at the last day the- 
Almighty should assign a mortal to judge his fellow- 
beings he did not think that any one would do it more- 
conscientiously than Judge Robertson. 

In the Fall of 1860 he was appointed by the Vir- 
ginia Convention on a mission to the seceded states,- 
to urge them to^ abstain from any aggressive measures ;. 
and he was afterwards sent to Washington, in April, 1861, 

He writes : "All the eiforts of Virginia to save the- 
Union proved iinavailiug. SJie loas unable to appease- 
the war-dog's of the Peace Congress. 

"The reduction and destruction of Fort Sumter,. 



ROBERTSON. 393 

were effected by Ceii. Bean regard on April 13, 1861. 
On the 15th, appeared President Lincoln's proclamation, 
and on the 17th of April, 1861, in the face of an im- 
pending invasion, Virginia withdrew from the Union. 

"The ordinance of secession was immediately fol- 
lowed by a resolution of the Convention, inviting all 
citizens of Virginia, holding apjwintmeuts in the naval 
or military service of the Federal Government, to 
return home, offering them equal rank and pay with 
that which they then enjoyed. 

"Governor Letcher applied to me, to be the bearer 
of these resolutions; and I consented, on condition that 
I might first make a personal appeal to General Scott. 
I left for Washington next morning. 

"I stopped in Alexandria, and entered into immedi- 
ate conversation with General Lee, through the kind 
agency of his friend, Mr. Daingerfield, which resulted 
in the gratifying intelligence, that General Lee had sent 
in, or was about to send in, his resignation. (Gen. R. E. 
Lee's resignation was sent in, on April 20, 1861). 

"The fact that General Lee's resignation and that 
of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston preceded any intimation of 
the Resolution of the Virginia Convention was so 
honorable a pi'oof of the disinterestedness of them, 
that I ever took pleasure in reporting it. 

"TJje next morning, Sunday, April 21, accom- 
panied by my son- in-law, Robert Barksdale, I went over 
to Washington, to call on General Scott and General 
Joseph E. Johnston. We were faintly challenged at 
each end of the Bridge, but not detained. * * * * 

"Mr. Barksdale said to me, 'there comes General 
Scott.' He was on the opposite side of the street, 
hobbling towards us. I crossed over to meet him. 



394 KOBERTSON. 

^Ah,' said he, 'Judge, I am glad to meet you.' I told 
him that I had come to the city especially to see him. 
He said: 'I have been eugaged all day at the War 
Office, and am much fatigued.' 'I will detain you but 
a very few minutes.' 'Walk in here, sir.' We had 
reached his door. 

"When seated, he said that he had sworn to support 
the Federal Constitution, and was bound to defend the 
Stars and Stripes. 

We briefly discussed the question of lyriniary 
allegiance. 

"I saw, however, that his purpose was definitely 
fixed, and I knew him too well, to think that he could 
be induced to change it. 

"I expressed my regret that he had adopted a course 
which might compel him to raise his sword against his 
country. 

" 'You do not su2:)pose,' said he, 'that I intend to 
invade Virginia?' 

" 'You intend,' I understand, 'to take possession 
of Harper's Ferry and Old Point Comfort.' 

" 'I must have Harper's Ferry. I must have 
Fortress Monroe. " * * * 

"I returned to Alexandria. I despatched a note to 
General Lee, urging him to accompany me, on my return 
to Eichmond. He met me the next morning, but 
seemed much disinclined to go with me. 

"The rare modesty of his nature hesitated at the 
thought that such a step might be regarded as a solici 
tation for office. I assured him that the Convention, 
the Governor and Legislature, indeed, our whole people 
of Virginia would expect him, and receive him with 
open arms. 



ROBTIRTSON. 395 

"He jfinally yielded his objection. It is needless ta 
say that my assurance, was fully redeemed by the uni- 
versal cordiality which greeted him, on our way; and 
especially on his reception by the Convention, of which 
Mr. (Alexander H.) Stephens has given an interesting 
account in his admirable colloquies. 

"One of the most pleasing recollections of a long 
journey through life, is the part devolved on me, of 
conducting this great captain, this unassuming and 
incorruptible patriot, this true and faithful Virginian, 
to the arms of a noble, fond and grateful mother. 

"J. E." 



During the War, from 1861 to 1865, his large 
house on Main Street, Eichmond, became the Eobertson 
Hospital. Among the numbers who received attention 
there, was John Eogers Thomas, son of Governor Philip 
Francis Thomas of Maryland. 

He died at his home. Mount Athos, in Campbell 
County, near the Peaks of Otter, July 5, 1873. 

Wyndham Eobertson, born in 1803, married Mary 
Smith, and has left descendants. 

He was educated at William and Mary College. 

He was selected as the orator upon the occasion of 
the civic display in Eichmond, in honor of the French 
Eevolution of July, 1830. 

He was elected a Councillor of State in 1830 and 
again in 1833. He was elected Lieutenant-Governor 
of Virginia in March, 1836, and on the same day, upon 
the resignation of Governor Littleton W. Tazewell, he 



396 ROBERTSON. 

became Governor, and served until the end of the 
term. 

He was a member of the Legislature for Rich- 
mond from 1838 until 1841, when he removed to his 
country place, "The Meadows," near Abingdon, on 
account of his health. 

He returned to Richmond in 1858, and was imme- 
diately elected to the Legislature. He was an active 
opponent of disunion and secession, but after the 
secession of Virginia, he followed the course of his 
State, and voted for all its war measures. 

He was a member of the Peace Convention in Phil- 
adelphia, in 1866. 

He died in 1888, and is buried at Cobbs, where a 
large stone has been erected, by his direction, as a 
monument to himself, and to a considerable number 
of the members of his family who are buried there. 

Anne, married Dr. Henry Skipwith in 1813. 

She died, leaving two children, Eliza Boiling, and 
Henry Skipwith, Jr. 

Eliza B., was adopted by her Aunt, Mrs. John H. 
Bernard; and Henry, by his Uncle, Judge Robertson. 

Henry Skipwith, Jr., entered the United States 
Navy. On one occasion, he passed through Washing- 
ton, when he was on his way to join his Ship, and was 
dining with a number of friends, at Gadsby's Hotel, 
which was at the foot of Capitol Hill. At this time, 
arrests for debt were very usual, and a Sheriff came 
with a bill againt Lieutenant Skipwith, while he was 
in the midst of the entertainment. He looked out of 
the window, and perceived that Congress had just 
adjourned, and saw hisL^ncle with some other members 



EOBERTSON". 397 

coming down the hill. Telling the Sheriff not to be 
seen near him, he went to his Uncle, and explained the 
situation. "Well, Henry." "I know that I have done 
wrong. Uncle Jack ; but won't you be so kind as to set- 
tle with this man now, and let me rejoin my friends, 
and give me the sermon afterwards." 



Eliza Boiling Skip with, born 1815, was married in 
1838, at Gay Mont, to Bazil Brown Gordon, eldest son 
of Bazil Gordon, of Falmouth, Virginia. He died in 
1845 ; and she died in June, 1900. 

Basil Fitzhugh Gordon, their eldest soii, died 
unmarried in 1866, aged 25 years. 

Their other son, Henry Skipwith Gordon, married 
Mary Wheeler. 

Their only grandchild, Henry Skipwith Gordon, 
Jr., married, July, 1897, Margaret, daughter of Wil- 
liam E. Stewart, of Easton, Md. 

Jane Gay, hereinbefore mentioned. 



See history of Bristol Parish^ by Eev. Philip 
Slaughter, D. D., page 222, where they are spoken of as 
"this worthy and distinguished family," Pocahontas 
and her descendants. Dictionary of American Biog- 
raphy, Vol. v., page 280. Harper's Magazine, April, 
1885, page 721. 

Hon. R. S. Bobertson, ex-Lieutenant-Governor of 
Indiana, Fort Wayne, wrote C. B. Tiernan that he is 
preparing a history of this family. 



398 BOLLII^G. 

Elizabeth Boiling (born 1760, died 1830), who> 
married William Eobertson, was the daughter of 
Thomas Boiling and Elizabeth Gay, his wife. 

Her picture here is taken from a Profile, in gold 
leaf, which was taken in 1800, and given to Mrs. G. E> 
Tiernan in 1844, by her Mother, Mrs. Jane G. Bernard. 

It is now in the possession of C. B. Tiernan. 

He aent one of these pictures to Mrs. Bazil B, 
Gordon, formerly Miss Eliza Boiling Skipwith, and 
received the follawing acknowledgment of it : 



"^527 North Charles St.,, 

"Thursday, July 14, 1898.. 
"Thank you,. dear Charlie, for the Photo, of my 
beautiful and dearly loved Grandmother. 

*' I dearly loved her, and she loved me. I lived 
with her until her death — all my life; She took me- 
when my young Mother died. 

"I went from her to Aunt Bernard at Gay Mont. 
"I was about fifteen when she died, and now, today^ 
when you send me this, I am in my eighty-fourth year. 
"■ Your affectix)nate old cousin, 

" K B. S. Gordon." 



The genealogy of the Boiling family is tolerably 
well known in Virginia. 0. B. Tiernan has the Manu- 
script, dated 1803, of a book on the "Bolling Family,'' 
a copy of which is in the Maryland Historical Society's 
Library. It was written in French, by Eobert Boiling, 
of Chellowe, Buckingham County, Va., and translated 
by John Kobertson (afterwards Judge), and has Notes 




Mrs. Elizabeth Bolling Robertsok. 



BOLLING. 401 

which are in the handwriting of John Randolph, of 
Roanoke. 

Mr. Randolph says of the author: "Robert Boiling 
was born at Varina, Henrico County, in 1738, and died 
in the flower of his age, shortly before the Revolution. 
He left two volumes of poetry ; and wrote equally well 
in Latin, French and Italian. An Italian piece, by 
him, was published in the second volume of the Colum- 
bian Magazine, which was in the possession of his 
executor, Col. Theodorick Bland, of Oawsons." 

C. B. Tiernan has also some writings of Judge 
Robertson called "Opuscula," that is, Little Works. 
They are written somewhat in the Biblical manner. 
It is hoped that a few extracts from these wiil be 
acceptable. 

"A voice came, saying 'I would have thee record 
the genealogy of the posterity of Pocahontas; not 
their names only, as in the first chapter of the Hebrew 
Chronicles, or in the first chapter of St. Matthew ; but 
their acts and customs, as those of the posterity of 
Jesse, the father of David, are told by the Prophet 
Samuel." 

Pocahontas was born in 1595, married John Rolfe, 
in 1614, and died at Gravesend, England, in 1617, 
leaving one child, Thomas Rolfe. 

In 1893, C. B. Tiernan visited St. George's Church, 
Gravesend, in the chancel of which Pocahontas is 
buried; and saw the tablet to her memory in the 
Church, and the entry of her death and burial in the 
Vestry Register ; and received great kindness and 
attention from Rev. John Haslam, the Rector. 



John Rolfe married a second time, and has left 



402 BOLLING. 

descendants who are settled at Heacham Hall, Norfolk 
Connty, England ; and there is a portrait of Pocahontas, 
by De Passe, which was painted in 1616, now in this 
house. 



Their son, Thomas Rolfe, born 1615, married an 
English lady. Miss Poyars. They had an only child, 
Jane Eolfe. 

Jane Eolfe married Col. Kobert Boiling, and died, 
leaving one son, John Boiling (1st). 



"Col. Robert Boiling married, second, Anne Stith. 
They had many children, who are called the Boilings 
of Petersburg, which town for the most part belonged 
to them. 



"John Boiling (1st,) (1676-1729), lived at Cobbs, 
in Chesterfield County, on the Appomattox River, near 
the point where it mixes with the James River, called 
City Point, though City it never was. 

"But all the people wished to build Petersbarg 
there, where great ships could unload, instead of at 
the spot where it now stands, on the Appomattox, too 
high up for any but small craft. 

"And they petitioned the owner of City Point, 
Col. Richard Eppes, for his consent, but he refused it, 
saying : 

" 'Should a City be built at City Point, I shall 
never be able to raise a turkey or a chicken.' Thus did 
the fool lay open his folly. 

"John Boiling (1st,) devoted himself to commerce, 
and received the profits of a large trade with the 



BOLLING. 40S 

English and with the natives. He lived at Cobbs, and 
was fond of gay company, and given to hospitality. 

"He visited England in his youth, and was enter- 
tained by some of his relatives in Yorkshire. They 
were surprised that he could speak good English, being 
born in Virginia, and he was surprised that they could 
not, though born in England. 

"At a feast given to him, a lady, much astonished, 
exclaimed, 'Heavens! only hear this gentleman; he 
speaks English as well as we do.' 'Yes, indeed, 
madam,' he replied, 'and some hundreds of times better, 
or I should be very sorry for it.' 

"He married Mary Kenuon, by whom he had one 
son, John Boiling (2d,) and five daughters. 

"They have all been blessed with that fruitfulness 
formerly so desirable, which renders a family numerous 
but poor. 

" Jane, the eldest daughter, married Richard 
Randolph, of Curies.''* 



John Randolph, born 1773, died 1833, was a cousin 
of Mrs. Gay R. Tiernan, and was very fond of her when 
she was young ; and she was thought greatly to resemble 
him in many ways. 

C. B, Tiernan found in a family scrap book, the 
following extract from a letter written by James K. 
Paulding, in 1817. It was re-published in the ISTew York 
'Home Journal," July 21, 1860. 

*"My Father's Mother." Note by John Randolph, 
of Roanoke." 



404 BOLLING. 

The Editor of the Home Journal kindly furnished 
the latter part of the letter, which had been lost. 

It says : 

"Among the descendants of Pocahontas, the most 
remarkable are John Eandolph and Boiling Robertson, 
each exhibiting in complexion and physiognomy indu- 
bitable traces of the common stock. The eyes of both 
are perfectly Indian — black, shining, and occasionally 
fierce. Indeed, I have never met with a man having 
a cross of the aboriginal that did not show it like a 
blooded horse. The marks seem indelible, both in 
body and mind. 

"In my visit to Washington, four winters ago, it 
was my fortune to lodge in the same hotel with Mr. 
Randolph, and to be favored with his acquaintance, 
I might almost say his friendship, which, notwith- 
standing his wayward disposition, is, I am told, gen- 
erally steadfast and sincere. 

"He is certainly the most extraordinary personage 
I have known, and, on the whole, the greatest orator 
I have heard. There is wit in everything he says, and 
eloquence at the very end of his long fingers. He is 
the last man in the world into whose hands I should 
wish io fall in a debate, for he cuts like a two-edged 
sword, and makes war like his Indian ancestors, sparing 
neither sex nor age. Yet his kindness is irresistible, 
and when he wishes to evince it, the tones of his voice 
and the expression of his eye, go equally to the heart. 

"Plis style of oratory in Congress is emphatically 
his own. He is, indeed, original and unique in every- 
thing. His language is simple, though polished; brief, 
though rich, and as direct as the arrow from the Indian 



■feOLLIXG. 405 

^bou'. He often, apparently, flies from his subject, but, 
however he may seem to drift without rudder or com- 
pass, he never fails to return to it with a bound, illus- 
tratine: it with flashes of livino' Ijorht. Though eccentric 
in the ordinary intercourse of life, there will be found 
more of what is called plain common-sense in his 
speeches than in those of any other member of 
•Congress. 

"His illustrations are almost always drawn from 
the most familiar sources, and no man is so happy in 
•allusions to fables, proverbs, and incidents of the day. 
He never declaims, nor sacrifices strength, clearness, 
and simplicity to the more popular charms of redun- 
dant metaphor and full-rounded periods. He is abrupt, 
sententious, and laconic. Nothing, indeed, is more easy 
of comprehension than the expressed ideas of the great 
orator of Old Virginia. Though exceedingly irritable 
in debate, he is never loud or boisterous, but utters 
biting sarcasms in a manner the most provokingly cool, 
a.nd in a voice that suggests the music of the spheres. 

"Su'Ch is the admirable clearness and perfection of 
his enunciation, that his lowest tones circulate like 
echoes through the halls of Congress. In short, in all 
the requisites of a great ofator, he has no superior, and, 
in the greatest of all, the power of attracting, charm- 
ing, riveting the attention of an audience, no equal in 
this country. 

"Mr. Bandolph has shared the fortune of most 
political leaders, in having his conduct misrepresented, 
his foibles — which, heaven knows, are sufficiently for- 
midable, exaggerated — and his peculiarities caricatured^ 
without remorse. The fault is, in a great measure, his 
own. He spares no adversary, and has no right to 



fDF' BOLLTISTG. 

expect quartier from others. In this respect His Tate- 
may serve as a beacon; indicating the necessity of toler- 
ation in politics as well as religion, Tiiat he is capri- 
eious, and careless of wounding those for whom he has- 
no particular regard, no one will deny. That he is 
impatient in argument and intolei-ant of opposition, is.- 
equally certain ; and the whole world knows, that he is 
little solicitou-i to disguise his contempt or dislike- 
But much of this peevishness may find its origin and 
excuse in his physical sufferings. Almost from boy- 
hood he has not known the blessing of health, nor 
enjoyed even its anticipation. His constitution is- 
irretrievably broken ; and,- although he may live many 
years, they will, in all probability ,.be years of anxiety and 
suffering, embittered not only by the absence of hope,, 
■-but by the ridicule, instead of the sympathy, of the- 
"World, which is ever to apt to suppose that a man can- 
not be sick without dying. 

"In this painful and trying candition was Mr: 
Randolph when I saw him, and it is but fair to urge- 
that some apology at least for his indifference to the- 
feelings of others, might be found in the harassing 
nature of his own. 

"I here speak of him as the world generally does. 
But so far as I saw him, and this was at all hours, he 
was full of benignity. His treatment of his servants,. 
and especially of his own slaves, was that of the most 
indulgent master, and he always called his personal 
attendant 'Johnny,^ which diminutive, to my mind, 
strongly indicated an habitual good-will toward them. 
It is thus we designate our familiar friends, and the 
children of our love. To me, from whose admiration 
or applause he could anticipate neither honor nor 



TJOLLIN&. '4(^ 

:^acl vantage, his bshavior was uniformly kind, almost 
•affectionate, and it will be long before I forget his 
-melancholy, yet conciliatory smile, the music of his 
voice, or the magic of his gentle manners. 

"We passed our evenings together for some weeks, 
•or rather I may say the better part of our nights, for 
he loved to sit np late, because, a« he was wont to say, 
the grave^ not the bed, was Jiis plac€ of rest. On 
■these occasions there was a charm in his conversiition 
I never found in that of any other person. Old Vir- 
■ginia was the goddess of his idolatry, and of her he 
•delighted to talk. The glories and triumphs of 
Patrick Henry's eloquence, and the ancieiit hospitality 
•of the Patricians on James Eiver, were among his 
favorite topics, of which he never tired, and with 
which he never tired me. 

"In short, the impression on my mind, never to be 
■eradicat<?d, is, that his heart is naturally liberal, open 
4ind gntcious, and that his occasional ebullitions of 
■splenetic impatience are the spontaneous, perhaps, irre- 
pressible, efforts of a debilitated frame, to relieve itself 
for a moment from the impression of its own ceaseless 
worryings. 

"Mr. Randolph is, beyond comparison, the most 
striking person I have ever seen." 



The following anecdote of John Randolph, may 
not be well known : 

One night, when travelling through the Old Do- 
minion, he stopped at an inn, at the fork of two roads. 

In the morning, when ready to start, he called for 



4D8 BOLLrNG; 

his bill and paid it. The innkeeper, a fine old gen tie- 
man, endeavored to draw him into conversation, but 
failed. "Which way are you travelling, Mr. Kandolph ?"" 
"Sir!." said. Mr. Randolph, "have I paid my bill?"" 
"Yes." "Welly I am going just where I please." 
Immediately, however, upon getting into his- carriage jk 
he enquired which mad he should take? The landlord 
replied, "Mr. Randolph, you do not owe m.e a cent.. 
You may take whickever road you pleasCi." 



Ann Boiling married James Murray. She was. 
large and awe-inspiring. Sojourning with a kinswoman,, 
during the Revolution,, whose house was being rifled by 
Tarleton's soldiers,, she said: "Betsy, can you sit stilli 
and allow yourself to be plundered in this way ?" 
Then going up to the commander of the party, she said r 
"Take off your drunken gang,. Sir,, this minute, or I 
will bring a squad from Tarleton, who will teach you 
how to behave in a gentleman's house." "Come, boys,, 
let's be off," said the officer, "this woman's tongue is 
sharper than Tai^letou's sword." 



"John Boiling (3d,) (1700-1757,) possessed the- 
gay spirit of his father, without his taste for commerce. 

"He married,- first, Elizabeth Lewis, who died soon 
after, without issue, and he married, second, in 1728,. 
Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. Archibald Blair, and niece 
of Rev. James Blair, Commissary of the Bishop of 
London, for Virginia. 

"Rev. James Blair obtained from King William 
and Queen Mary, the Charter of William and Mary 



ROLLING. 4G^ 

College, in 1692, and was its first President.. He died 
in 1743. 

''The College was not at first successful, as the 
planters sent their sons to England for their education," 
Appleton's Cyclopedia of Biography, Vol. I. 

In this connection, a short sketch of Eobert 
Boiling, of Chellowe, the son of John Boiling, 2d, born 
1738, died 1769, written by himself, may be interesting. 
He says : 

"To render his education complete, his father sent 
him to England. He sailed from Hampton, July 24, 
1751, on the 'Osgood,' Captain Wilkie, and arrived in 
London the 3d of September following. Mr. John 
Hanbury, to whom the vessel belonged, received him, 
as a man who esteemed his father, and sent him in a 
hackney coach to Wakefield, in Yorkshire, where he 
arrived on the 24th of the same month. 

(The Boiling family came from Yorkshire). 
"Mr, Beverly, who was there with his family, his 
wife, a son, (Robert Beverly, of Blandfield, ou the 
Rappahannock river, Va.,)* a daughter, a nephew of 
the name of Munford, (Robert Munford, of Richland, 
Mecklenburg Co.,)f and a son of President Fairfax, 
named William, came as far as Eerry Bridge to meet 
him, with a post chaise, and carry him to their house. 
They lived then in Westgate Street. On the next day 
he was conducted to school; the tutor being the cele- 
brated John Clarke. 

"He was put in the same class in which were 
young Beverly, Fairfax and Munford. 

"During his stay at Wakefield, Mr. William Boll- 

* I Notes, by John Randolph, of Roanoke. 



410 BOLLING. 

ing, who lives at Ilkley, a village between Ottley and 
Skipton, became acquainted with him, and invited him 
to his house during the vacations. At this time there 
lived with this gentleman a lady of the name of 
Elizabeth Boiling, who possessed the tract of Ohellowe, 
the rent of which might amount to one hundred pounds 
sterling a year. She was a very agreeable girl, and 
although twenty-five years of age, entertained as much 
affection for our adventurer, as if he had been her own 
son. Mr. Boiling will always remember the civilities 
he received from this family, with which he staid five 
weeks on his first visit, and was there frequently after- 
wards. Miss Boiling married Mr. William Prescott, 
of Halifax, where she resided when Mr. Boiling left 
Yorkshire: which he did in November, 1755, having 
quitted school the 11th of the same month. 

"Mr. John Blair, son of President Blair, (ap- 
pointed by Gen. Washington in 1789, an Associate 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the U. S.)* who 
studied laAv in the Middle Temjile, received him on his 
arrival at London, in his apartments, where he remained 
till the 14th of January, 1756, when he departed on the 
'Swift,' Captain Crookshanks, who was second captain 
of the 'Osgood,' when she first passed to England. 

"After a long voyage, he arrived at York, on Good 
Friday, in the month of April. As the Assembly was 
then sitting, Mr. John Boiling, his father, who repre- 
sented the County of Chesterfield, received him at 
Williamsburg. 

"He afterwards studied law under Mr. Waller 
There he was smitten by the charms of Miss Susanna 

*]Srote, by John Randolph. 



BOLLING. 411 

Ohiswell. She married Mr. Lewis Martin ; and he at- 
tached himself to Miss Miller, whom he was desperately 
in love with, and who was equally smitten. Mr. Miller, 
her father, having lost his lady in 1757, conceived the 
resolution of returning to Scotland, his native country, 
and of carrying his daughter and other children with 
him. He executed this barbarous design, and left 
Virginia the 16th of October, 1760, carrying with him 
that poor girl, more dead than alive: and dying at 
London in the mouth of February, 1762, left her de- 
serted and forlorn. Mr. Boiling wrote her, assuring 
her that his former sentiments for her still continued. 

"That letter was taken at sea. 

"Having heard, soon after, that she had married 
Mr. Bland, Mr. Boiling endeavored to forget her, he 
attached himself to Miss Mary, daughter of Mr. William 
Burton, of Northampton County, and married her at 
the old plantation in that County, June 5, 1763. This 
amiable lady died at Jordans, May 2, 1764, two days 
after the birth of her daughter, Mary Burton Boiling." 

Eobert Boiling was patriotic, and was held in 
such estimation that he received every vote given in his 
County, for the House of Burgesses; in attendance 
upon which, he died at Williamsburg, in the thirty- 
second year of his age. 



"John Boiling, (2d,) had many children ; some of 
whom died in infancy. 

"To the end of his life, he continued to be fond of 
good society. His house was open to every one ; and 
the world, I mean that small part of the world who 



412 BOLLllsTG. 

knew him, were not ungrateful. The good will of the 
people gave him for near thirty years, a seat in the 
General Assembly ; and for a long time before his 
death, he was at the head of the County militia, as well 
as Judge of Chesterfield court. He died at Cobbs, 
September 6, 1757, and was buried there, near his 
father and mother. 



•'Thomas Boiling (1735-1804,) eldest son of John 
Boiling, (2d,) married his first cousin, Betty Gay, 
daughter of Dr. William Gay. 

Judge Robertson says of these, his grand-parents : 

"They were both comely persons, and of pleasant 
manners, but both penurious, exceedingly ; therefore, 
they cared little for company. 

"Yet no one ever visited Cobbs, without finding 
that their hostess had caused the table to be spread 
with all the abundance of old Virginia. 

"For though more penurious, she was far more 
proud than her husband, and sat, even in her old age, 
arrayed in a ruff, erect as a girl, and stately as old 
Queen Bess herself. 

"And she rode in an old-fashioned chariot, drawn 
by four horses, driven by a coachman and a postilion in 
livery, with bright yellow cuffs and capes. 

"But when her husband travelled alone, he drove 
himself, in an open one-horse vehicle, with a single 
seat, attended by an old black-a^^moor house servant, 
bareheaded, sitting on the hard frame work behind, 
with his bare feet and legs dangling below. 



■BOXLIKG. 4lS 

'"He studied law under Robert Carter Nicholas, at 
'Williamsburg, and was Justice of the Peace for Ches- 
terfield County., and sought no higher station." 



"The Judges of the County Court were called 
''Justices of the Peace ;' and they had almost entire 
•control of the affairs of the County. They were chosen 
"from the principal gentlemen of the neighborhood, and 
received their commissions from the Governor, with the 
advice of the Council. They received no compensation 
"for their services, their office being considered one of 
honor— not of emolument— and thus a high standard 
-was obtained." 

Life of George Mason, by K. M. Rowland, p. 8. 



Thomas Boiling and his wife died at Cobbs, each 
at the age of about 70 years, and they are buried 
there. 



Amon^ their ten children, Thomas and Mary were 
deaf mutes. 

William Boiling, the youngest son, inherited 
Cobbs, and established there, the first institu- 
tion for the education of the Deaf and Dumb, in 
America. It was conducted by J. Braidwood, a relative 
of Thomas and John Braidwood, of Jjondou and Edin- 
burgh, assisted by Rev. Mr. Kilpatrick. There were 
six or seven pupils. Mr. Braidwood's habits became 
bad, and the institution, after an experiment of several 
years, failed about 1819. 

Wm. Boiling was in the Legislature for several 



414 POLLING. 

s .'ssions ;. and won his Commission as Colonel of Cavalry, 
in the War of 1812. 

*'He removed to Balling Hall, in Goochland County, 
and sold Cobbs, the honored and pleasant home of his 
fathers. 

"And soon the lofty pines that never before had 
felt the edge of the axe, and which rose as straight as the 
pillars of a mighty temple to the Most High, support- 
ing the azure dome above, were laid low, for filthy lucre. 

"Nav, the graves wherein had lain undisturbed, 
the bodies of John Boiling, the son of Jane Rolfe, and 
their descendants, were grazed by cattle, and their 
bones uprooted by swine. 

"Thus did the rich heir despise his heritage, and 
neglect hi& duty. 

"The voice gently roused me from sad thoughts, 
saying : Thon hast Registered the six first generations, 
and four others have succeeded, the last being infants. 

"And their children, and childrens' children, the 
Boilings, the Eandolphs, the Flemings, the Gays, the 
Eldridges and Murrays, the Blands and Tazewells, the 
Dandridges and Carys, Walkes and Meades and Fergu- 
sons, and other branches and offshoots have increased 
and multiplied, and the family tree hath taken deep 
root in the native laud of their first mother. 

"And the voice continued, saying : End here thy 
genealogy, and leave the living and future generations 
to be chronicled, whea their deeds for evil or for good 
may be finished, aad weighed in the balance." 



Wyndham Robertson says of this branch of his 
family : 



BERNARt). 415 

*'In view of all that I have heard or read of them, 
I think it may be truly said that they were more 
prudent than enterprising; more wasteful than liberal ; 
more respected than distinguished ; more patriotic than 
indifferent; more conservative than radical ; and while 
a few fell to the depths of worthlessness, though not 
of crime, a few also rose to the height of genius and 
virtue" 



4:16' BERlSrARD. 

JoHisr HiPEiKS Bernard was the son of William! 
Bernard, (2d,) and Fa^nny Hipkiiis, his first wife. 

She was the daughter of John Hipkins and Fanny 
Pratt, his wife. 



John Hipkins was a merchant of considerable 
means, in Port Royal, Caroline County. His home was 
"Belle Grove," quite a handsome place, on the Rappa- 
hannock River, in King George county. 



His wife's family is said to be related tO' that of 
Chief Justice Pratt, of England. 

The tradition is that the first member of the Pratt 
family to come to this countiy was a young man who 
had been a student at Oxford, and left on account of a 
difficulty with a fellow student. 

" Camden," a well known plaeCy. upon the Rappa- 
hannock river, is stil] in the Pratt family. 



"John Hipkins and his wife, and a good many 
members of the family^ are buried in a large vault,, 
which is surmounted by an obelisk, and surrounded by 
au iron railing, near the front of "Belle Grove" house. 
The inscription, on one side ''Sibi, suisque" — J. H. (John 
Hipkins,^ 1802 ; and on the other " Memorise consecra- 
tum. John H. Bernard, 1819," was put there by his 
grandson, who was also his principal heir, and was 
imitated from that on the Scipios' tomb, at Rome, and 
was thought inappropriate. 

The place has long since passed into other hands.. 



William Bernard, (2d,) was born 1768, married, first, 
in 1789, Fanny Hipkins. 



BERNARD. 417 

Their issue were, John Hipkins Bernard, 
Sarah Savin, who married Philip Lightfoot, and 
William Bernard, Jr., who married Sarah Dykes, 
who have all left descendants. 



William Bernard,(2d,) married,second, Fanny Hooe, 
a cousin of his first wife, and widow of Faun- 

tleroy. They had issue ; Arthur Howson Hooe Bernard, 
who died unmarried in 1891 ; 

Alfred N. Bernard, who married Elizabeth Roberts ; 

Virginia, who married Carmichael ; 

and Fannie and Elizabeth, who died unmarried. 



William Bernard, (3d,) lived at "Mansfield," a few 
jniles below Fredericksburg, upon the Eappahannock 
River. 

He bequeathed the place to Arthur H. H. Bernard, 
the eldest son of his second marriage. 



An army correspondent of the " Neiu YorJc Tiynes " 
writes, May 9, 1863 : 

"Fredericksburg presents a most desolate appear- 
arance. Nothing has been done to repair the serious 
injuries inflicted upon the place during the battle of 
December, 1862. Nearly every prominent building is 
more or less pock-marked with shot, shell and Minie 
balls. The tall, costly spire of the Episcopal Church 
is perforated by seventeen shot holes. Ruins of once 
elegant residences are seen on every hand. 

" The Bernard House, a little below the city- 
which was used by the United States forces as a hos- 



418 BERKAED. 

pital during the Battle of December, 1862, has since 
been burned accidentally. 

"The owner of this estate, A. H. H. Bernard, is 
a wealthy Secessionist, middle-aged, bachelor. Not 
long after General Franklin's force had crossed, he 
was detected endeavoring to steal into our lines, and 
believing that he had been conveying information to 
the enemy. General Franklin ordered him into durance 
vile, where he has remained ever since. 

" His lordly mansion, built after the English style 
of architecture, was furnished with everything that 
wealth could furnish — Damask curtains, Brussels car- 
pets, marble centre tables, elegant mirrors and chande- 
liers adorned the various apartments. 

"There were rare paintings from the Italian masters 
suspended on the walls ; and numerous libraries were 
found in various parts of the buildings. 

"This home and all these adornments are now gone ; 
and their owner is a prisoner in our hands. 

"But he will learn, should his eye fall upon this 
communication, of yet another misfortune. 

" While a party of the 43rd New York Regiment, 
Col. Baker's, stationed on picket, last Friday afternoon, 
nearby, were delving among the ruins, they discovered 
buried beneath them in a chest, $100,000.00 of Confed- 
erate money ; placed there, doubtless, by the owner, for 
safe keeping. 

"There has been no lack of Confederate money in 
that regiment ever since. *******" 



The ruins of the place, which are quite large, are 
still standing. J. Appleton Wilson, of Baltimore, has a 



b:ernard. 



41 <) 



number of photographs of them, which he took several 
years ago. 

Arthur H. H. Bernard, a short time before his 
death, wrote the following letter to his niece, Mrs. 
Helen Struan Robb. who had written to ask him for 
information in regard to the family ; 

"Fredericksburg, January, 1891. 

"Dear Helen : 

"I have received your letter and proceed to give 
you such information as I have, relating to the matters 
of your inquiry. 

" The family Bible on the Bernard side, was fortu- 
nately saved from the wreck at ' Mansfield,' or I should 
not be able to send you even these meagre fragments, as 
it merely contains the usual records found in a family 

Bible. 

"It states that William Bernard, my grandfather, 
was a son of Richard Bernard and Elizabeth Hart. 

"William Bernard, married, first. Miss Winifred 
Thornton, of Stafford, and left issue, a son, named 
Richard Bernard. 

"William Bernard's wife died, and he married, 
second, Miss Sarah Savin, a lady of Maryland, by whom 
he left a son, William Bernard (2d,) who was my father. 

"Thomas Bernard succeeded Richard Bernard, his 
father, and inherited a large property, but spent most 
of it, and moved to Petersburg, where are now living 
two of his descendants, George S. Bernard, prosecuting 
attorney, and his brother, Judge of the same. 

"Thus it appears that my grandfather was twice 
married, and to whom, and that he left one son by each 
marriage. 



420 BEKNABD. 

"There were other children by each marriage, but 
they died unmarried. 

"George S. Bernard, aforesaid, of Petersburg, called 
to see me on this subject, a year or two ago ; to whom I 
submitted the family Bible, from which he took all 
the necessary extracts, and with the help of these made 
careful examination of the necessary documents. 

"In our legislative history he found the name of 
Bernard mentioned again and again, and conspicuously. 
One seems to have been a counsellor under the Colonial 
government, and one was representative in the legisla- 
ture. 

"A Mrs. Anna Bernard, too, emerges to sight, who 
must have been the wife of one of the Messrs. Bernard 
mentioned above. 

"This lady, as appears from books in the land 
office at Eichmond, obtained a patent for a tract of 
land, in the days of Governor Berkeley, as far back as 
the reign of Charles the Second. 

"The patent was located in King George, and we 
afterwards find Thomas Bernard, the son of Eichard 
Bernard, the son of William Bernard, my grandfather, 
located on it, which traces the title from Mrs. Anna 
down to the present age. 

"George Bernard saw writings of the lady in ques- 
tion, in the course of his researches, which make her a 
very interesting person in this retrospect. 

" There were other lands owned by my ancestors, 
in Westmoreland, lohere they resided, as well as in King 
George and Eichmond Counties, in which last is the 
large estate of ' Mulberry Island,' three thousand acres, 
one-half of which I yet own. 

"In this country there is no Herald's office, and 



BtiRNAliT). 4^\ 

l[jand offices are the best awthorities for settling ques- 
tions of gen-ealog-y. 

"My grandfather was not a man of the sword, but 
a hiwyer of the first standing. 

'^When I was a student a^ the University of Vir- 
•ginia I dined at 'Monticello,' and Mr. Jefferson spoke of 
•my grandfather, sayiiig, he would have been more dis- 
'tinguidied, but for his modesty. 

"He was the patron of James Monroe in his vouth. 

"Mr. Monroe read law in his office, which produced 
the friendship that existed through life between my 
father and th« Ex- President. 



"No one of the family was in the Revolutionary 
Army, except John Bernard,* a son of the first 
marriage, and, consequently, my father's half brother ^ 
hut my father was unable to hunt up the requisite 
proofs;, and so the claim failed of success. 

"I have thus given you the prominent facts in my 
possession. 

"A i>erson who can tell who his grandfather was, 
is considered to be in the safe line of descent and 
respectability. Those in your condition stand on im- 
pregnable ground. 

^'"With best regards to Phil, 

"I remain your affectionate uncle, 

« A. IT. H. Berxard." 



William Bernard, (1st,) was born September G, 1730. 

*The family Bible says : 

"John Bernard, born Tuesday, October, 20, 1701, 
died 1782," 



4'22" BEENTARB; 



He was the son of Richard Bernard and ElizahetB^ 
Hart, probably the daughter of Kdwai'd Hart^ one of;" 
the justices for. Stafford County.. 



'•William Bernard,. (1st,) married, first, November- 
's, ]750, Winifred Thornton, only daughter of Anthony 
Thornton, and Winifred, his wife, daughter of CoL 
^eter Presley born September 23, 172.9, died Septem- 
ber 29, 1765. 

"Issuey.Erchard Bernard, born September 10, 1753;. 
died January 22, 1785 ; who was the ancestor of the 
late Judge David Meade Bernard, George S, Bernard,, 
of Petersburg, and others. 

Richard Bernard was the executor of his fathers- 
William Bernard's, (1st,) will, which was dated March 12^ 
1782, and proved in King George County, May 1, 1783.. 

"Richard Bernard was Captain in the Fifth Vir- 
ginia Regiment, from May 9, 1776, to '' 

Ileitman's Register of Officers of the Continental 
Army, page 84. 

"Henry Ashtou serveil as Ensign in Gaptain Ber- 
nard's Company, 5th Virginia Regiment, May 12,. 
1776." Hayden's Virginia. Genealogies, p. 633. 

Eichard Bernard was afterwards Clerk of West- 
aioreland County Court, until his death.. 



William Bernard, (1st,) married, second, in 1767^ 
Sarah Savin, or Sevigne, as it is written in some old 
papers, of Maryland, 



BERNARD. 42'3 



"Willium mid .Alary Quarterly, vol. V, No. 3, p. 18-2. 
Issue of this marriage, William Bernard, (2dU 
There were other children, hut they died young. 



William Bernard. (1st,) resideil in Washington 
• Parish, Westmoreland County. 

He was a member of the Committee of Westmore- 
•LAND County, Virginia, During the Eevolution. 

"The first Continental Congress convened in Phila- 
'delphia, October 20, 177i. 

Among their other proceedings, a Preamble and 
EesolutioHS were passed for an "Association of the 
'Colonies," which were signed by all the members of 
■Congress. 

The eleventh section of this Association ordered 
■that: 

"A Committee be chosen in every County, City and 
Town, by those who are qualified to vote for representa- 
tives in the Legislature; whose business it shall be, at- 
tentively to observe the conduct of all persons touching 
this Association ; and when it shall be made to appear 
to the satisfaction of a majority of any such Committee, 
that any person within the limits of their appointment 
has violated this Association, that such majority do 
forthwith cause the truth of the case to be published 
in the Gazette-, to the end that all such foes to the 
rights of British Americans may be publicly known and 
universally hated as the enemies of American liberty. 
"This Association to be binding, until the repeal 



'P3£ ' B^EEISTARD;- 

of the acts of Parliament^ and portions of sncli acts, ae- 
are declared inimical to the rights and liberties of 
S^orth America." 



Under this recommendation of the Continental; 
Congress, the qnalified voters of each County in Vir^ 
ginia elected a Committee for the County. 

The Committee o^f Westmoreland County was^ 
elected January SI, 1775, and was- very respeetaWe, and: 
one of the largest in the State, l^ichard Henry Lee ; 
John Augustine Washington, a younger brother of~ 
George Washington ; William Bernard,, and thirty-two* 
othersi, being its members. 

See an interesting article on the "County Com- 
mittees of 1774, 1775," by Charles Wasiiington Cole- 
man, in the William and Mary Quarterly, for October., 
1896. continued in the Number for April, 1897.. 



Kichard Bernard was born about 1705, marriecS 
Elizabeth Hart, 1729. 

Issue, (William Bernard, (1st.) 

By Deed of gift, dated January 23, 1747, and duly? 
recorded,, Eichard Bernard conveys to his sou, William 
Bernard,- a tract of land situated in Washington parish,. 
Westmoreland County, being the same land that was 
granted to Mrs. Amia Bernard by two patents; one, fop 
one thousand acres, April d, 1651, and the other, art 
inclusive patent, for fifteen hundred acres, September^ 
6, 1654. 



BERNARD. 435 

By a subsequent Deed of gift, dated October 13, 
1757, duly recorded, Richard Bernard and Elizabeth, 
his wife, convey to their son, William Bernard, Attor- 
uey-at-Law, of Washington parish, Westmoreland 
County, a tract of two hundred and twenty-nine acres 
of land. 

Richard Bernard is described in these deeds as a 
resident of St. Paul's parish, Stafford County. 



In Bishop Meade's work, " Old Churches and 
Families of Virginia," vol. ii, page 1G3, there is a 
list of the Vestrymen of St. Paul's parish, from 1720, 
in which Richard Bernard's name is the first in the list 



Richard Bernard was the son of John Bernard. 

John Bernard was born 1G61, died 1709. 

John Bernard was the son of Richard Bernard, (3d). 

In the land office, at Richmond, Virginia, vol. vii, 
page 231, is a patent dated April 2, 1683, for two hun- 
dred and eighty acres, in New Kent County, on the 
south side of York river, to John Bernard, " son and 
heir " of Richard Bernard. 

Richard Bernard, (2d,) was born ^in 1636, died 
in 1691. 



He was a vestryman of Petsworth parish, Gloucester 
County, in 1677. 

By power of Attorney, dated May 16, 1689, recorded 
in Westmoreland County, Richard Bernard, of Petsoe 
parish, Gloucester County, constitutes William Buck- 



426 BERNARD. 

11(31", of Stafford County, liis attorney, to recover lands in 
Westmoreland County, on the east side of upper Macho- 
dick river, which belonged to the said Eichard Bernard, 
by virtue of a patent for one thousand acres, granted to 
Mrs. Anna Bernard, and by her granted to the said 
Richard Bernard. 



There is a case in Barradall's manuscript Reports, 
which shows that the one thousand acres patented by 
Mrs. Anna Bernard, in 1651, and increased by five 
hundred acres additional in 1654, descended to her son, 
Richard Bernard, who died in 1691 ; he devised the land 
to his two sons, Philip and John. John Bernard had 
the Avhole by survivorship, and died in 1709, devising 
the land to his sou Richard Bernard. The decree was 
entered in 1738. 

The "Lawyer's Reference Manual," page 61, 
says : 

"The advertisement to the second edition of Wythe's 
Reports, states that the publisher hopes ere long, to lay 
in type before the public, Barradall's Reports. 

"A hope which seems to have remained unfulfilled." 

Thomas Jefferson, in a little volume jniblished by 
his Executors in 1829, called "Jefferson's Reports," (in 
the Bar Library) says that he practiced law in the 
General Court in A^irginia, which was the supreme judi- 
cature of the State, until the Courts of Justice were 
dissolved by the Revolution, and that there were Manu- 
script Notes, of Three Volumes of Reports, by Sir John 
Randolph, Edward Barradall and Mr. Hopkins, who 
were the most eminent counsel of their dav. All had 



BERNARD. 427 



stndied at the Temple in Loudon, and had taken the 
degree of Barrister there. 



Richard Bernard, (2d,) was the son of Richard 
Bernard, (1st). 

Richard Bernard, (1st,) was born in Engh^nd in 
16C8; married Anna Corderoy, 1634; died in Virginia, 
ill 1650. 

There is a very exliaustive sketch of the Bernard 
fami'y in the William and Mary Quarterly, for 
July, 1896, and January, 1897, to which I respectfully 
refer anyone seeking further information, as I have 
simply confined myself in this sketch in endeavoring to. 
trace out the line of my own family. 

And I also desii'e to express my most sincere and 
grateful acknowledgments to the distinguished editor 
of that valuable 'Magazine, Hon. Lyon G. Tyler, and 
to Mr. R. a. Brock, for their unvarying and unweary- 
ing kindness and courtesy and assistance. 



The article says: 

"This ancient and respectable family came from 
Buckinghamshire, England.'' 

There is a history of the Bernard family, in Lips- 
combe's history of Buckinghamshire, vol. ii., page 519, 
and of Corderoy, in the "Visitation of Wiltshire," 1623. 

In Chester's London Marriage Licenses is one, 

"November 24, 1634, for Richard Bernard, of 



428 BERNARD. 

Petsoe Piirisli, Buckinghamshire, geutlemau, widower, 
aged twenty-six years, to marry Anxa Corderoy, aged 

twenty-two, daughter of Corderoy, Esq., at 'St. 

Mary's in the AVardrobe.' " 



They emigrated to Virginia, and settled, first in 
York County. 

By deed dated January 2, 1647, recorded at York- 
town, liichard Bernard rented from the executors of 
William Pryor, "Pryor's plantation" in York County. 



To the Deed is attached a rough drawing of a 
Shield, with a Bear rampant^ which is the coat of 
arms common to the Bernards of Buckinghamshire. 

"Hayden's Virginia Genealogies, page 462, gives 
the arras of one branch of the family as "a shield, 
a hear rampant, sable, muzzled and chained, or." 

Eichard Bernard died in 1650. 



By deed dated December 1, 1652, recorded in York 
County, Thomas Edwards of the Inner Temple, Lon- 
don, gentleman, and Margaret, his wife, one of the two 
daughters of William Pryor, deceased, (Margaret and 
Mary) convey to Mrs. Anna Bernard, of Virginia^ 
widow, their share of the lands which had belonged to 
William Pryor. 



"BEUNARD. 429 

Article by Williuin G. Staruird, in '-Tlie Critic^'' 
lichnioud, January 4, 1890. 



Ill the Laud Office, at Richmond, vol. ii., page 3U5, 
ds a patent dated April 3, 1651, inn Sir William 
Berkeley to Mrs. Anna Bernard, for one thousand 
acres of land upon Machodick river, in consideration of 
the transportation of twenty persons to the Colony. 

This method of settling the Colony, was usual at 
that time ; and the names of the persons brought over 
■on this occasion, are given in the William <ind i\rary 
•Quarterly, vol, v, No. 1, p. 6!3. 

In the same records, vol. iii, p. H29, is an inclusiv* 
patent, dated September 6, 1764, from Sir William 
Berkeley to Mrs. Anna Bernard, for the one thousand 
iicres heretofore granted, and five hundred acres addi- 
tional, therein granted, in consideration of the trans- 
portation of ten persons to the Colony. 



By Deed dated January 27, 1653, recorded in 
Westmoreland County, John Heller engages to pay to 
■"''Mrs. Anna Bernard, of York," quit rent, as to one 
hundred acres covered by her first patent. 

And by another Deed, dated and recorded February 
20, 1653, Walter Broadhurst (who was a representative 
from Northumberland County, in the House of Bur- 
gesses), as attorney for Mrs. Anna Bernard, conveys 
this land to John Heller. 



SBW beritard; 

The Letter to- Mr. Broadhurst, under which he- 
acted, is recorded with the Deed. 

It was printed in the -'William and Mary Quar- 
terly" for October, 1895, in an Article entitled "Wash- 
ington and his Neighbors," ami it shows- Mrs. Bernard- 
to have been a woman of character and- refinemeat. 



It is as follows : 

"Anna Bernard, her letter to Mr, Walter Broad- 
Hurst: 

"Noble Sir r 

"I give you many thanks for your care of my busi- 
ness. 

"I eairnot resolve of my coming to the Potomac 
fnyself, till the return of the ships, which makes me- 
desire you wiH be pleased to have that land seated^ 
('that is settled with inhabitants), for me. 

"I will give one hundred acres to any honest maUy. 
lorever, to seat jt. 

"I should be glad of a good neighbor, but I desire- 
this hundred acres may lie without me, or outside of 
this tract of land, and not hinder my view, or lie be- 
tween me and the river,- the vi^w of which will be my 
|>leasure. 

"Sir, I wholly trust you for the seating of this- 
land, and I am confident that you will do this for me- 
as for yourself, 

"I love to have what is mine, entire, so that I may 
iiot trespass my neighbor, nor he, me. 

"In what charge you are at in my business these 



"BERSTARD. !43'1 

lines shall oblige me to pay ; and your love and care, I 
shall ever study the best way of returning. 

"I give Mrs. Broadhurst many thanks for accept- 
ing so poor a token, and I should be glad of a good 
occasion to draw you and Mrs. Broadhurst into these 
parts; that I might not only enjoy your company, but 
■pay part of the respect I owe you. My service waits on 
you both. 

"My daughter, Anna Smith, presents her services 
io you both, and Sir, 

"I am your most humble servant, 

"Anna Bernarb. 
•"'February 20, 1653, this letter was Proved." 
(That is Admitted to be Recorded.) 



Her daughter, Anna Smith, was the wife of Major 
John Smith, Speaker of the House of Burgesses, first a 
a-esident of Warwick County, and afterwards of Glou- 
cester County. 

Mrs. Anna Bernard and Major John Smith are 
mentioned in the General Court Records in 1670, as 
the guardians of John Matthews, Esq., grandson of 
■Governor Samuel Matthews. 

There is a sketch of this Smith family in the 
•''William and Mary Quarterly," vol. iv. 



She removed to Pnrton, in Gloucester County, 

There were other members settled here. 

Captain Peter Bernard, of the Revolution, was 

from Gloucester County, and his Company was raised 

from this neighborhood. 



4'32' beri^ard; 

In the Land Records, vol. iv., page 354, is a patent 
dated March 27, 1601, to Mi's. Anna Bernard, for nine- 
Inndred acres in Gloucester County- 



Petsworth Parish, in Gloucester County, or as it 
is frequently called, Petsoe Parish, was so called, from 
the parish of the same name in England, from which 
the family had originally come; 



In Bishop Meab-e's "Oliv Churches axd Fah-- 
n.iES OP ViitGiNiA," vol. i,, page 331, is a long account 
of this parish, from which this extract is taken : 



"This parish was established in 1654, afterwards it 
f'cll into decay, and the glebe,, (or land belonging to the- 
parish Church) was sold in 1802. 

The Church", which has been long since destroyed,, 
was a building of the finest taste and finish, but, per- 
haps, too gorgeous for our republi-can simplicity. Tho 
site of it is now marked only by a few ancient tombs. 

Several attempts were made to remove the bricks 
from Petsoe, which were prevented by presentments of 
the Grand Jury, but some years since, (this was written- 
in 1855,) a person who was building a hotel at Old 
Point, purchased the right to the remains of the old 
Church and removed the bricks. 

"The hotel was struck hy lightning and injured,, 
before its completion." 



Mrs. Anna Bernard died in 1670, 



BERNARD. 433 

Richard Bernard, her linsbaud, born 1(308, mar- 
ried in London, ]S[oveuiber 24, IG'Si, Anna Corderoy, and 
died 1650; is believed to have been a son of John 
Bernard. 



Among the emigrants from England to Virginia 
about this time were Thomas Bernard and William 
Bernard, afterwards called Colonel; who are believed 
to have been the Brothers of Eichard Bernard. 



In 1512, the Bermudas were granted to the "Vir- 
ginia Company."' Encyclopedia Brittanica, vol. 3, page 
599. 

They were frequently called the "Somers Isles," 
after Sir George Somers, a member of Parliament, and 
one of the original patentees for colonizing Virginia. 

Sir George Somers was appointed Admiral of Vir- 
ginia, and died at Bermuda, where he had gone for 
provisions for the Colony, November 9, 1610. 

The "Virgina Company" and the "Somers Islands 
Company" consisted of the same persons and were con- 
ducted under the same management. 

In the "Collections of the A^irginia Historical 
Society, New Series," are contained the proceedings of 
the "Virginia Company, of London," from 1619 to 
1624. 

Vol. i, page 20, says : "At a meeting held Novem- 
ber 17, 1619, Mr. Bernard was present." 



434 BEKN"AE1). 

Vol. i, page 128: "At a general Court held for 
Virginia, June 13, 1621, Mr. Bernard was present." 

'•On this occasion, a motion was made, that as the 
Companies of London and other towns had adventured 
money towards their land, some course be thought 
upon, to make some profit of these lands, the like 
having been done in Ireland with good success, and a 
Committee for that purpose was appointed, of which 
Mr. Bernard was a member." 

Vol. ii, page 104, says, that he was present at a gen- 
eral quarter Court, held January 31, 1620-1631. 



In 1622, he was appointed Governor of the Somers 
Isles, to succeed Nathaniel Butler. 



Vol. ii, page 184, says: The Virginia Court, being 
dissolved into a Somers Islands Court, Lord Cavendish 
taking the chair, choice was made of six jjersons to 
represent the company, and Mr. Bernard, Governor- 
Elect, was selected as one. 

And in vol. ii, page 205, at a meeting held May 7, 
1623, he is spoken of as the "New Governor Captain 
Bernard, lately deceased " 



Smith's History of Virginia, was first published 
in London in 1629, and reprinted in Eichmond, 1819. 
In the account of the ''Somers Isles," vol. ii, p. 165, 
is this quaint statement : 



"Master John Bernard, sent to be Governor. 
"To supply this place was sent by the noble adven- 



BERNARD. 435 

tnrers, John Bernard, a gentleman, both of good means 
and qnality, who arrived within eight days of Butler's 
departure ; with two ships, and about one hundred and 
forty passengers, with arms and all sorts of munitions, 
and other provisions sufficient. 

"During the time of his life, which was but six 
weeks, in reforming all things he found defective, he 
showed himself so judicious and industrious as gave 
great satisfaction, and did generally promise vice was 
in great danger to be suppressed, and virtue and the 
Plantation much advanced. 

"But it so happened, that both he and his wife 
died in such short time, that they were both buried in 
one day, and in one grave, and Master John Harrison 
chosen Governor until further orders came from Eng- 
land." 



On page 145, in the Jistribntion of the lands were 
"Hamilton's tribe, Master John Bernard's assigns, 2 
shares ; Devonshire tribe, Master John Bernard's heirs, 
3 shares ; Paget's tribe,, Master John Bernard's heirs, 1 
share." 



Many years ago, when C B. Tiernan was spending 
the Christmas time at "Upper Brandon," in Virginia, 
Mr. William Harrison took him into the Library, and 
show^ed him the above notices, and remarked to him 
that his own ancestor, John Harrison, had immediately 
succeeded C. B. Tiernan's ancestor, John Bernard. 



436 FAREWELL. 

"Farewell I a word that must be ! 
A word that makes us liuger; yet Farewell!" 

— Byron. 

The writer hopes that this Work will be interesting 
and acceptable to the public. 

He had a good many letters and papers of his 
Father's and Mother's, and his aunt 8omerville"s, that 
he thought were worthy to be preserved; and he con- 
sidered that in part, he was paying a debt of honor in 
having these printed. 

He has received great encouragement from the 
kind Notices and exj)ressions, from the Press and from 
individnals, concerning other eiforts that have been 
made by him, in this direction. 

He has abbreviated all the material, as much as 
possible. 

He hopes that a great part of what is herein con- 
tained will be found to be new ; and that his effort to 
shOfV gomething of the private lives and characters, and 
also of the friendships and feelings of persons whose 
names are weQ-known, will prove entertaining. 

He has endeavored "to speak of things as they are; 
nothing to extenuate, nor to set down aught in malice," 
and to be accurate in all statements; and while he has 
not attempted to trace the various branches of families, 
he hopes that any one wishing to connect them with 
one another, will have no difficulty in doing so. 

His desire is to give information and pleasure : — 
in the hope that the sentence of Horace may prove true 
in this case, that, he gains every point who unites what 
is useful, with what is agreeable. 

"Omne tulit punctum, qui miscuit utile, dulci." 

THE END. 



APPEN^DIX. 



iPAGE 5. 



-^'THE LEGEND OF TIERNAX 

"OR, 

^'THE BLUE KNIGHT. 



"By Mei{ula5i. 



"Long ago, wheu vale and mountain were clotlied 
with the great primeval farest, with their hues of green 
<ind gold, there dwelt a Chief in Munster, young 
Tiernan, was his name, and his castle towered grandly 
upon a hill from which the streams leaped glittering- 
down like lines of silver flame. 

"Happy were his days in that castle on the height, 
hunting the boar or the wolf in the marning, and 
making love in the evening, and all that was bright 
and beautiful was seen in the countenance of that 
youthful knight. 

"One early morn, as he led the chase, he had left 
his train, when he came by deep Lough Mora, a region 
wild and lonely, where you could hear nothing but the 
blackbird's bugle notes, and the sound of the gushing 
streams. 

"There he reined up his golden bitted steed. Bran 
Finneirg — Bran, the wine red — and halted at the foot 
of a mighty oak tree. 



■MS" APPEXDIX. 

"x\s he looked upon the hike, whom should he see- 
but the Fairy Princess Mora, leading out her cattle from; 
their home beueatli the water, to pasture upon the- 
blooming ni'^adow. Few mortal eyes have beheld those- 
Beautiful kine — but those that have seen them,— the- 
favored ones, the beloved of the children of the air, — 
say that their bodies and limbs are smooth, glossy,, 
and white as the glittering snow, without spot, stain, or- 
blemish, except their delicate, sleek, wary ears, which 
are rose red, as the lips of my sweetheart, when she- 
smiles upon me. 

"Tiernan held his breath, in delight and wonder, as. 
the lovely herd emerged upon the meadow. 

"Behind them walked the Princess Mora, in the- 
light of eternal beauty: a garland of ever blooming; 
flowers encircling her radiant brow, and her long, yel- 
low hair flowing down upon her robes of sunny splen- 
dor. As he looked upon her, his heart was filled to- 
overflowing, with a sudden and uncontrollable love, as; 
a golden bowl brims over with the generous wine- 
brought by the dusky foreigners from the sunny lands- 
9f the South to the green shores of Ireland. And 
there he gazed in a fit of silent happiness until the- 
beams of the early sun began to smite upon the fresh* 
meadow, over the tops of the tall forest trees. 

"The moment the first beams fell upon the snowy 
herd, Mara put a glittering little diamond whistle to her 
rosy lips and blew a tune as sweet as the singing of the- 
birds in the dewy April wild woods. At the sound, the- 
obedient kine turned and moved to the shore, to regain, 
their enchanted home beneath the lake, all save one,, 
the monarrh of the herd, which, taking some refractory 
vagary into his head, after smiting the green grass with 



¥is hoofs, and lowing until tli3 c.iverned hills around 
i'3plied in a thousand eishoes, darted across the meadow, 
passed the tree under which Tiernan was, and disap- 
peared in the thick, leafy labyrinth of the forest. 

"As she saw the favorite of her nerd thus escape her, 
Mora gave a wild cry of mingled surprise and anguish, 
■that smote sadly upon the love-laden heart of Tiernan, 
"who now, without a moment's dehiy, gave the spur to 
Bran, the wine red, and dafted off in pursuit of the 
fugitive with a swiftness that soon brought him close 
upon its tracks. 

"'Ha!' exclaimed he, as he caught a glimpse of 
the white bull, beneath him in a valley ; "now I see 
'that I have not chased the wild cattle in vain I now my 
wood craft will stand me in good stead in the hour of 
need !' 

"With that, he unwound a mighty thong of tough 
dried bull hide from around the bow of the saddle, to 
the end of which was attached a round iron ball. 
Holding this ball and the coiled thong in his hand, he 
put Bran to his topmost speedv, and at length came 
lip with the swift-footed bull, as the latter dashed 
down an open glade beside the stream that ran through 
■the valley. Quick as lightning, he now cast the iron 
ball from his hand, and then, by a sudden jerk, whirled 
it backwards, thus bringing the far end of the thong, 
■coiling and coiling a dozen times around the foremost 
legs of the bull, which fell forward heavily on the 
grass. In an instant he was out of the saddle, and by 
the side of the prostrate bull, and after uncoiling the 
thong, and twisting it securely around the horns of 
the fugitive, he jumped upon Bran, and led his captive 
back to the green meadow by the lake. 



''There Mora stood to receive him, and as a reward? 
for his galhuitry, took him and his brave steed to visit 
her enchanted home beneath the l^ike. And when they 
peached her bright palace upoii the ever blooming bor- 
ders of Tir-iian-Oge, (The Land of the Young), her- 
heart began to^ fill with love for the graceful and brave- 
young knight. 

" 'Oh ! Tiernan ? she- saitJ, 'choose between the- 
Region thou hast left and this bright, lovely land. 
Choose between my love, which will last forever, and' 
the fading love and the fading beauty of the maids of 
Munster — ^of the earth. And ob, Tiernan, my beloved, 
fhou canst visit green Mun«ter sometimes to- give aid to- 
the poor, the forlorn and the downtrodden. Many are- 
the widows that shall weep soon in that lovely land — - 
for the strangers, the pirates of Normandy, are coming 
across the Irish sea, to glut themselves by falsehood 
and treachery in the blood of the free-born Irish- 
clans. 

" 'Then,' said Tiernan, 'it befits me not to remain 
inactive here, for by my own vow as a good knight and 
true, I am bound to succor my native land, and fight 
for her like a brave man in her day of distress.' 

" 'Thou shalt go forth in her hour of distress, I tell' 
thee,' answered Mora, 'but remain here till the evil 
day comes. When thou goest, I will arm thee as befits 
a knight, and woe to him who shall meet thee breast to 
breast, in the red ran of battle V 

*'And Tiernan dwelt with her for a time in her 
fairy home. But the evil day came too soon. The 
Norman robbers landed in Wexford, and in many 
another coast town of Ireland, and commenced to pil- 
lage and burn, and slay, after the manner of the ruth- 



APPENDIX. 441 

less Danes, whom Brian smote upon the bloody field of 
Clontarf. 

"Then it was that Mora clothed her young knight 
in a suit of blue glittering mail, put the sharp, dou- 
ble-edged sword of justice and valor in his hand, gave 
him her hawk, 'Sulgara,' the sharp-eyed, which ever sat 
motionless with outsjiread wings upon his helmet for a 
crest, brought him his steed, Bran, the wine red, and 
sent him forth from Tir-nan-Oge to aid the oppressed, 
to comfort the forlorn, and to do battle like a brave 
knight for his native land. And when he again 
appeared in Mnnster, the husbandmen who tilled the 
land by the wayside, the shepherds who tended their 
flocks on the hills, and the soldiers — the kerne, the 
galloglasses, the hobbelers — who marched forth to bat- 
tle, looked upon him with wonder wherever he appeared, 
and called him the Blue Knight from the color of his 
mail. 

"And now Strongbow and Eaymond le Gros laid 
siege to Waterford. The brave citizens fought with 
stout hearts for the defense of their country and their 
homes, but their bravery availed them not, for the 
Normans made wide gaping breach in the walls, and 
dashed into the town, slaying all whom they met — 
child and soldier, maid and wife — till their career was 
stayed for a while at Eeginald's Tower, which Gille- 
naire, a brave Dano-Irish chief, and the lord of Desies, 
held against their fiercest onset. At length this strong- 
hold was also taken, and the lord of Desies and his 
men, who fought side by side on the gory stairway^ 
were surrounded and about to be slain, when the Blue 
Knight appeared, cut a path for them through the 
thick press of the savage Normans, and led them out 



44^ APPEKDIX. 

over the slippery beach, and into tlie open country, 
where he left them in freedom and safety, and then 
disappeared amid the lonesome glades of the thick 
forest. 

*'Many a time afterwards he appeared in that war- 
wasted conntry, and was always the doer of some deed 
of mercy, of jnstice, or valor. At the battle of Bierna, 
in Olfaly, where O'Dempsey defeated the Normans, it is 
said by the Sanachas and Minstrels, that it was by the 
Blue Knight's sword that Robert de Quincy fell — he 
was the son-in-law of the mighty Strongbow. 

''In those days there lived m the county Waterford, 
besiSe the Suir, a Dano-Irish chief named Olaf Gin- 
iiairu, or Olaf of the Iron Knee, who had one daughter, 
Christine, the loveliest lady in the land. She secretly 
loved young Hugh of Raynagh, an Irish Knight, who 
was away at the wars of Thomond. Now, her father, 
Glunairn, had his own ideas of matrimony, and on a 
certain day sent heralds through the country with the 
intelligence that the bravest man should have his 
daughter in marriage, and that the chieftains, Normans, 
Danish, and Irish, were to assemble in the great bawn 
of his castle and see the matter out with sword or spear 
among themselves. 

"A sad heart had young Christine for the absence 
of her lover, when on the third and last day of the 
tilting, Hugo de Ridensford, a Norman Knight, was 
about to be declared the victor. But when Glunairn 
was just about putting his daughter's hand into that of 
Hugo for the betrothal, a trumpet sounded at the gate-, 
and the Blue Knight, with the hawk Sulgarra sitting 
proudly upon his helmet, rode into the bawn. The 
trial was short and deadly, for the Blue Knight ran his 



APPENDIX. 4'43 

spear thi'ongli the eye of Hugo de Ridensford, and slew 
him on the spot. Then the victor took the beantifu} 
Christine by the hand, phiced her quickly before him 
on Bran, and ere gillie, henchman or chief could bar 
his way, dashed out through the gate, and into the 
forest, where he was soon lost to their pursuit. 

"The minstrels say that he took her to the lake, and 
gave her to the care of Mora for a time, and truth w^as 
in their saying, as yon shall soon hear. 

"One day as Roderic O'Connor and Donal O'Brien^ 
prince of Thomond, were marching towards Durlas 
O'Fogarty, Avhere Strongbow had challenged them to 
battle, young Hugh of Raynagh, who was with the 
vanguard of the Irish forces, sat himself down sad and 
sorrowful beneath a tree at noon, when the army 
had halted to rest and refresh themselves. There he 
thought upon young Christine with many a melancholy 
sigh, for the news had reached him of what had 
befa'len her. Suddenly he was aware of the Blue 
Knight sitting near him on Bran, beneath the cool shade 
of the tree. 

" 'Sigh not, Hugh of Raynagh,' said the Blue 
Knight. 'Bear thyself like a true Irish soldier, in 
the coming battle, and thou shalt have thy true love 
back again at thy return/ 

"Then Hugh of Raynagh took heart, and swore ob 
the hilt of his sword to avenge his country like a 
man. 

"Next morning the two armies met face to face at 
Durlas O'Fogarty. Then came war cries, the fluttering 
of advancing banners, the clattering of spears, the 
whizzing of arrows, and the clashing of the good 
swords upon the rings of chain armor and the stout 



444 APPENDIX. 

corselets, as foe met foe in the swaying and raging 
battle. At first the Normans prevailed, for the Irish 
line was broken in passing over some uneven ground, 
but suddenly the Dalga's were aware of the Blue 
Knight in their midst, rallying them and leading them 
on. Bran, overturning horse and man in his way through 
the Norman ranks, and Sulgarra clapping its wings 
and screaming with a shrill and unearthly voice, that 
rose high over the deafening clamor of battle. Now 
the Normans gave way, and the Irish, victorious right 
and left, pursued them, and slew and slew, till scarcely 
ten knights were left by the side of Strongbow, as he 
tied from the bloody field of Durlas O'Fogarty. • 

"Hugh, of Raynagh bore himself that day like 
a man, and received his true love, young Christine, 
some time afterwards, from the hands of the Blue 
Knight. 

"In the songs of the bards and minstrels, and in the 
stories of the Seanachies, it is said by some that the 
Blue Knight often appeared afterwards amidst the 
Irish troops, in the hour of peril and misfortune, lead- 
ing them on to victory, and showing them that they 
were not to fight for clanship, or creed, or gain, but all 
for the welfare of their native land. 

"By others, that when he found them fighting 
among themselves, and sometimes even aiding the 
foreigner, he disappeared from Munster of the green 
valleys, to live with his chosen love, the fairy Princess 
Mora, in Tir-nan-Oge, and that he is to appear again, 
when the j^eople, with stout hearts and hands, the 
dauntless sons of freedom shall arise to fight the battles 
of right and liberty upon their native soil." 



APPENDIX. 445 



PAGE 44. 

Miss Dandrido'e's name is An we. 



PAGE 71. 

Rebecca Williamson was married to Capt. John 
Mullan, April 30, 1863, 



PAGE 83. 

Jndge Campbell White Pinkney has told C. B. Tier- 
nan that the great intimacy between some of the members 
of the family of his grandfather, the Hon. William 
Pinkney, and the Somervilles, and also with Charles 
Tiernan, was well known ; and that it is most probable 
that Edward Pinkney gave Mrs. Somerville a copy of 
these verses — and said that this is not in Edward 
Pinkney's handwriting. 

He said that he had heard that the verses were 
written to Miss Hawkins, with whom Edward Pinkney 
w^as in love. Miss Hawkins afterwards became the first 
wife of David McKim. 

E. C. Pinkney, born October, 1802, married in 
1824, and died Apnl, 1828, leaving a son, who died 
■nn married. 



PAGE 118. 

Mrs. Rebecca Somerville sold Bloomsbury to Gustav 
W. Lurman, in 1847. 

He changed its name to "Farmlands." 

The road to Catonsville is still called Bloonisbnry 



445 APPEOTJIX.. 

Avenue, and the Station upon- the Short Line rail roacf^ 
Was called Bloomsbury. 



PAGE I'tr. 

H. V. Sonierville wrote from Bloomsbury, to The 
Patriot, Mav 20, 1834, that a highly educated friend: 
had sent him the following Enigma, said to hare been 
written by the Right Hon. George Canning,.for solution,- 

"I was quite ashamed that so simple a matter,, 
should have puzzled me so much ; and returned to my 
friend the subjoined answer.. If you think that your 
fair readers will be amused by its publication, please- 
give it a handsome place in the Patriot.. 

"Your obedient servant,, H. V, S^ 



"Enigma. 

-'There is a word of plural number^ 
A foe to peace and human slumber.. 
!N^ow, any other word you take 
By adding S your plural make; 
But add another S to this. 
How strange the metamorphosis.. 
Plural, is plural now no more, 
And sweet, what bitter was before. 



"Solution. 

**The word that is of plural number^ 
A foe to peace and human slumber. 



'APPENT31X. 4W 



5s one I hope you'll never know, 
■ So nearly 'tis allied to woe. 
And yet, as if for your relief, 
'Cares is a different word from grief. 
Though still the opposite of joy, 
Which Plato thought an idle toy. 
The word is sa<;], but add an S, 
'Tis sweet as woman's soft Caress, 
And now to draw tr> my conclusion, 
From one kind word in this solution, 
You take the letter-, and thereon 
You have the other word, nem con.' 



'Gardiner G. Howland, of New York, who married 
^^ouisa, daughter of Jonathan Meredith, writes : 

■^'H. V. Sgheeville, Esq., 
^'Baltimoek. 

"New York, 12 June, 1835. 
•^'Dear Friend : 

"I am pleased to say that we are at last safe at our 
own quarters, where a hearty welcome awaits you and 
your good wife, whenever you will make good your 
promise x)f a visit. 

"I send this to Meredith,* who wall see it safe to 
you, with a late publication, containing all our City 
Laws, which, I hope, wdll embrace the object you have 
in view. 

*His son, Meredith Howland, who married Mary, 
daughter of Grafton Lloyd Dulauy, of Baltimore. 



448 APPENDIX. 

"Will yon also accept a few bottl^^s of Maraschino^, 
which I beg Meredith to send you with the book. 

"My thoughts often extend themselves to your 
beautiful 'Home;' and if your happiness is measured 
by my best wishes, you will have a full share of the 
good thir.gs of this life. 

"In speaking oi ^i/ou,' I take it for granted that you 
and your good wife are One, if not, peace be with her 
also, for you well know that I think all Wives are the 
ietter part. 

"Ever, and truly thine, 

"G. G. HOTKLAND."" 



PAGE 169. 

"KiLLARNEY, Monday, January 6; We set oufe 
for Killarney, at 6 this morning, and passed through a? 
thickly populated country, to Macromb- Here I saw 
nothing remarkable, except the fantastic Gothic struc- 
ture or Castle, of the rich. Mr. Hedge, on the bank of a 
pretty stream. 

"It was the birth place of Admiral Sir William 
Fenn/" ' 



PAGE 171. 

Hannan Blennerhasset, was the intimate friend of 
Aaron Burr ; and he was arrested and indicted at the 
same time. When Burr was acquitted, the indictment 
of Blennerhasset was dropped, 

William Wirt was retained by the United StateS;, 
in the prosecution of Burr for treason. 



PAGE 178, 

In the fog in London, a gentleman who had taken 



APPENDIX. 449 

out his gold snuff box in the street, is said to have had 
it taken from him without seeing anything except the 
hand which, took it. 



PAGE 1<S8. 

A ftw days ago, tlie Marquis de Lafayette observed 
that America was the most civilized country in the 
world; and he based his opinion upon the fact, that 
universal suffrage, under the most rational government, 
exists in that country. 

This is a truth, which very few of those who know 
nations only through the medium of books will be dis- 
posed to admit, and yet it is certainly true, if civilization 
means the degree of moral and intellectual improvement 
in the entire body of the nation. Among savages, the 
mental faculties lay waste and neglected ; but the 
moral attributes are frequently found in great perfec- 
tion; and one might cite innumerable instances of an 
inflexible adherence to what is considered justice and 
virtue, on the part of barbarians. In countries which 
have fallen from a noble elevation, the intellect is 
often found in a high state of perfection, whilst the 
virtuous principles of the heart are debased and demo- 
ralized, so that at the same time that they are far ad- 
vanced iu the polite arts, there is an absence of inflexi- 
ble devotion to principle. 



PAGE 336, 

"March 16, 1819. On leaving Viterbo, we had five 
horses impressed upon us. The postillions always start 
the horses before they mount ; and in the act of vault- 
ing, the horses took fright, and scattered in every 



450 APPE]S"DIX. 

direction, knocking down three or four men, and fright 
ening the town. They came to two streets branching 
acntelv, and ran. some on one side, and some on another. 
Nothing was more ludicrous and dangerous than our 
situation. Providence luckily protected us. 

"After passing the lake of Vico, the vast plains of 
the Campagna di Roma lay extended before us. 

"A few pilgrims with shells in their hats, and a 
solitary carriage, were all that animated the plain. 

Arms and legs of assassins were hung up along 
the road. 

"I leaped from the carriage and caught for the first 
time, the distant prospect of liome. The Dome of St. 
Peter's, and some scattered buildings, were all that was 
distinguishable at this distance. 

"March 17. I set out this morning to visit the 
Cathedral of St. Peter's. With the front of the Church, 
I was disappointed ; the prodigious dome itself is in a 
great measure concealed by the front, and loses the 
sublimity that naturally belongs to it. 

"I approached the steps and entered, with the 
emotions of disappointment and hope. I pulled aside 
the extra doors of matting, that hang suspended from 
above, and found myself in the most majestic edifice 
that human skill ever raised in honor of the Divinity. 
"I stood ravished, enchanted astonished. The Church 
was almost empty — a few strangers loitered in some of 
its Chapels, and half a dozen devotees, on their knees, 
were looking with an expression of imploring intent- 
ness, at a bronze statue of St. Peter, against the marble 
wall on my left. 

"March 20. We went to St. Peter's, to see His 
Holiness (Pope Pius VII.) There were a great number 



APPENDIX. 451 

of persons assembled. The procession passed up the 
Chiu'ch between two lines of soldiers. 

"The Pope is an old man, of small stature, bends a 
little, and looks like a man of great piety and benevo- 
lence. He wore a robe of scarlet drapery over his 
shoulders, whi^h was supported by a person following 
him. The religious folks, after the ceremony was over, 
continued walking about the Church, and occasionally 
kneeling at different Altars. One would think St. 
Peter's a splendid promenade. 

"Wednesday, March 24. — I passed the evening at 
the Princess Borghese's, where I saw King Louis 
Bonaparte and his son (afterwards Napoleon the third.) 
The soirees of Princes are dull." 



PAGE ?45. 

Judge Pinkney told C. B. Tiernan, that his aunt,^ 
Mrs. Elizabeth Pinkney Williams, declined to receive 
this Legacy. C. B. Tiernan found a few letters from 
Mrs. Williams to Mr. and Mrs. Somerville, which were 
of the most personal and confidential character. One of 
these he gave to Mrs. Col. Harry McCoy, Mrs. E. P. 
Williams' grand-daughter. 



PAGE 320. 

Helen Fenwick married Andrew B. Coyle, January 
18, 1871; issue, one daughter, Helen, born Septemlser 

29, 1879. 



PAGE 337. 

It may not be generally known that up to a com- 



452 APPENDIX. 

paratively recent period, the business accounts in some 
parts of Virginia, were still kept in the old style of 
pounds, shillings and pence — at,the rate of 6 shillings 
to a dollar; four shillings and 6 pence, 75 cents; one 
shilling, 161 cents. 

C. B. Tiernan found quite a number of bills of his 
Mother, made out in this manner. 

The following is an extract from one of them : 

"Port Royal, Virginia. 
"Miss Gay Bernard. 

"In Account With William Gray. 
1832. 

April 23. To 3 pair Kidd Slippers @ 6/ apiece $3 00 

" " 1 pinlv gauze Handkerchief, 5/6 92 

" 1 Dunstable Bonnet, 12/ 2 00 

"1 Buckle, 5/3 87-^ 

" 25. " 1 pair stockings, 3/9 63 

" " 1 Butterfly Handkerchief 30 

" " 1 pair stockings, 3/9 63 

" " 1 Toothbrush, 1/ 17 

" 30. " 8 yards Victoria Robes @ 4/6 a yard. ... 6 00 

May 8. " 1 Morocco Wallet, 2/3 38 

" 31. " 1 pair silk stockings, 7/6 1 35 

June 15. " 1 yard Irish linen, 2/6 42 

29. " % yard silk .velvet @ 16/6 pervard 68 

July 26. " 1 pair Green Morocco Shoes, 6/ 1 00 

August 8. " y& yard Black silk velvet, 21/ per yard.. 44 

Cii. 

October 6. By John H. Bernard, in full $31 00 

Errors Excepted. 

"William Gray." 



Mrs. P. L. Robb writes to C. B. Tiernan, from Gay 
Mont, January 28, 1901. 



APPENDIX. 453 

"In reply to your in(]uiries in regard to the old 
method of keeping accounts by pounds, shillings an-d 
ppnce, I dare say that I can tell yon as much as any one 
now living in Port Royal. 

"I have seen hundreds of old accounts made out 
in that way ; and Dr. Gravatt, to the day of his death, 
a few years ago, always in his bills, charged each visit 
12 shillings, instead of $2.00. 6 shillings being the 
eijuivalent of $1.00; 3 shillings, 50 cents; eighteen 
pence, 25 cents; 2 shillings and 3 pence, 37^ cents' 
9 pence, 12* cents; and 4 p^nce, 61 cents. 

"My Mother always spoke of four pence, ha-penny, 
six pence, nine pence, eighteen pence, instead of 6i 
cents, 8 cents, 12J cents, and 25 cents. * * * " 



PAGE 370. 

Mrs. May Morrison Klingle died in Washing- 
ton, Februarv 24, 1901. 



PAGE 389. 

Archibald Robertson lived to an advanced age. 
After the death of his wife, he used to drive about the 
country, for many years, in his buggy, accompanied only 
by his old colored servant, Calvin, visiting at the homes 
of his different kinsfolk. 

His mind was a storehouse of family histories and 
traditions ; and his acquaintance with these matters, 
both general and individual, was probably as extensive 
as that of any one in the State. 

He was a great deal at Gay Mont, the home of his 
sister, Mrs. J. H. Bernard, where his portrait, represent- 



I 



454 APPENDIX. 

ing a venerable old man, Avith long white hair, is now 
over the mantel piene, in the dining room. 



PAGE 403. 

Eev. Philip Slaughter, says, "The Boiling family 
has been represented in the vestry of Bristol Parish, iu' 
every generation ; and usually by one of the name of 
Robert." 



PAGE 413. 

Thomas Boiling died February, 1836, at Gay Mont,, 
the home of his niece, Mrs. J. H. Bernard, in the 67th 
year of his age. 

An obituary in the Riclimond Enquirer, says :. 
"He composed and wrote in a peculiar, clear, and 
graphic style ; and attained an artificial faculty of 
speech, almost equal to natural. His grace of manner,, 
and vivacity and power of imitation, made him the 
wonder and admiration of strangers, and the delight of 
friends and relatives." 



INDE 



Abelard 190 

Abercrombie, Jame,'< 18 

Ralph 73 

Achenbach, Andreas 3()8 

Adams, Agnes 7:] 

" Dr. Herbert B nS2 

" John Quincv 

62, 118, ify, 13!), 131 
Alexander, Emperor. .184, ol8 
" John Henry, 

L.L. D...:. 8(1 
Alison, Rev. ArchibaUl. . ..3;;7 

Allen, Bailey 378 

" Sidney 19 

Almonte, J. N 8(!8 

Alricks, J 38 

Alvey, Richard H , Jr 883 

Ambler, Elizabeth 835 

Col. John 835 

American, The Baltimore 

5(5, 57, 58, (10 

Anderson, George 375 

Andros, Sir Edmund 41 

Anthony, Mrs Ill 

Appleton 341 

Archer, Miss 843 

Ardisson, Mr 805 

Ashton, Miss Julia Dever- 

eaux 114 

Austria, Emperor of. .236, 380 

Baisch, Herman 868 

Baker, Colonel 417 

Balch, Admiral 94, 813 

Balfour, Pendleton 115 

Mr 394 

Baltimore, Lord. 

S3, 38, 26, 30, 81, 87, 88 

Barclay, Sir Robert 366 

Barksdale, Robert 398 

Barnett, Mr. S. C 344, 347 

Barradall, Edward 436 

Barrie, Commodore. 374 

Barron, Isab-el Ann 76 

Bayley, Archbishop 303 

Bayuard,Mrs 48 

Beauregard, Gen 893 

Beekman, Wm 28, 36 

Benson, Mr. . 159 

Benson , Bishop 196 

Berkeley, Sir William. .430, 439 



Berkeley, George 430 

Bernard, Alfred 417 to AU) 

Anna 430 to 431 

Arthur H. H 

417 to 433 

Caroline P 383 

Elizabeth 417 

fannie 417 

" Miss Gay R 

91, 147. 375, 880, 834, 337 
338, 389, 343, 346, 347, 368 

Gay 449 

Geo. S 419 

Helen Struan. . . .s83 

Mrs. Jane G 

375, 877, 381 
J. H.. 154, 356, 861, 
375, 377, 378, 881, 883, 396 
John.. . 431, 6, 37, 49 

John H 416,417 

Mrs. J. H.... 450, 451 

Peter 481 

Philip 436 

Richard... 431 to 438 

Sarah Savin 417 

Thomas 387,419 

Virginia 417 

" William 

375, 416 to 431 

W. R 381 

Berry, Brieu 193 

Beverly, Mrs 307,409 

Bigelo'w, Mrs. Anna J. .136, 139 
Geo. Tyler... 136, 
139, 181, 183, 183, 
184, 186, 140, 146 

Katharine 140 

Blair, Archibald 408 

" Elizabeth 408 

" Rev. James 408 

" John 410 

" Mr 390,393 

Blake, Mrs. Dr 48 

Bland, Col. Theodorick. . .401 

" Mr 411 

Blennerhasset, Harman. . .448 

Bliss, xVlexander 85 

Brown, Mary 74 

Boiling, Aniie 408 

" ' Jane 403 



456 



INDEX. 



Bollins;, Elizabeth 

381, 387, 389, 400 

John 402,10,14 

Mary Burton 411 

Mary 413 

Colonel Robert... 402 
Robert..398to411,4r)0 

Thomas 412,417 

William 413,414 

Bonaparte, Caroline 347 

Elizabeth P.... 325 

" Jerome N 325 

Lucien ...227, 229 

" Madame 347 

Napoleon 

142, 179, 184, 
216 to 226, 263, 389 

Boteler, A. R 44 

Botetourt, Lord 320 

Bowen, Ben 279 

Boyle, Hugh 18 

Mrs. Hugh 48 

Bradford, Gov. Wm 75 

Braidwood, John 413 

Thomas 413 

Brent, Ida 45, 348 

Brien, Edward 75 

" Harriet 76 

" Harriet Smith 76 

" Henry Augustus. ... 76 

" James Smith 76 

" John 75,76 

" John Macpherson.. 75 
" . L. T.. 14, 60, 75, 131, 

163, 308 
" Rebecca Coleman . . 75 
" Robert Coleman. ... 75 

" Sarah 76 

" William Byrd 75 

" William Coleman.. 76 

Briscoe, Philip 279 

Broadhurst, Walter.. .429, 430 
Brock, Mr. R. A. .157, 324, 421 

Brooke, Mr 345,358 

Brown, Dr 286 

" George 347 

" Mrs. George 347 

James.... 244, 302, 305 

John 384 

" Lancelot 193 

Stewart 59 

William 208 

Sir William 302 

Browne, Dr. Wm. Hand.. . 29 

Browning, Chas. H 46, 47 

Bruce, Colonel 284 

Brummell, Mr 194 

Bruce, Robert 194 



Brune, Mrs. Barton 90 

Buchanan. Messrs 279 

" Mrs. Anna Maria 

Nelson 315 

Dr. Francis J... 315 

Miss Harriet 315 

Buckler, Mrs. Dr. John. . .104 

Dr. T. H 353 

Mrs 112 

Bull, John 214 

Bumpo, Natty 132 

Burke, Mr 183 

Burton, William 411 

Burr, Aaron 171, 448 

Burrow-es, Mr 232 

Burwell, John 326 

Bush, Elizabeth 325 

Butler, Ann 174 

Judge ,881 

Mary 74 

Nathaniel 434 

" Pierce 354 

Byron, Lord 166 

Cabell, Dr 858 

Ellen 360 

Lizzie 360 

Calhoun, Barbara 359 

Sir J 202 

Callaghan, Mr. and Mrs. .,235^ 
Calvert, see Baltimore, Lord 

Calvin 450 

Campbell, Sir Alexander. .277 

Baillie 279 

John 60,280 

Robert 353 

Canino, Prince of 227, 230 

Canning, George 446 

Carignan, Princess de.. . . .224 

Carr, Sir Robert 39, 40 

Carroll, Anna 79 

Miss Achsah 320 

" Archbishop 70, 73 

Charles 146,147 

Charles R 320 

" Daniel 73, 79 

" Jane 348 

" William 73 

Carter, Parke 345 

Shirly 358 

Cary 414 

Cary, Ann 325 

Caswell, Miss Florence 

W^alker 118 

Caton, Mrs 353 

" Father EdAvard 114 

Miss Elizabeth 235 

Miss Mary 235 

Richard 234 



INDEX. 



457 



Causten, James H 79 

Chabol, Philippe de i268 

Charles 1 28 

II 29,81,^9,420 

V 801 

Chase, Chief Justice 126 

Mr 184 

Chatard, Catharine. . . .78, 356 

Emily 78 

Dr. Ferdinand E. 78 
" Capt. Frederick.. 

76, 881 
" Luke Tieruau..76, 77 

" Pierre 78 

Chevallie, Peter 156 

Cheves, Hon. Lanodon.278,274 

Chisholm, Miss Eliza '. .881 

Chiswell, Miss Susanna. . .411 

Claiborne, Governor 81 

Clarke, John 409 

Clark, Maria 79 

" Colonel 268 

Clay, Henry.... 62, 66, 121, 

128, 124, 186, 146, 242, 243 

Cloud, Miss 882 

Coates, Juliet 869 

" Susan 869 

Cobb, Ann S 79 

Cohen, Benjamin I.. 51, 851, 352 

Mrs. B. 1 351,352 

Miss Catharine 320 

David 320,853 

J.I 62 

Miss Matilda 858 

Mendes 1 80 

" Miss Rachel E 

51. 851, 352 
Coleman, Mrs. Anna Mary. .866 

A. M. C 867 

Chas. W 424 

Coles, Isaac 819 

Colquhon, Miss 846 

of Luss 266 

Colvin, Rachel 76 

Constantine, Grand Duke. 213 

Conyers, Miss Sarah 

153, 154, 155 

Cookson, Obadiah .276 

Cooper, Mr 276 

Coplev, Lionel 41 

Cornwall is. Lord 258, 285 

Corbet, of Toleross 269 

Corderoy, Miss Anna. .427. 428 

Cortes, Eugenio 307 

Coskerv, Father 70 

Coyle, Mrs. Helen 320 

Craig, Mrs James 112 

Craigie, Capt 275 



Crane, Miss Lydia 332 

Crato, Jau 28 

Cresap, Daniel 45, 46 

Capt. Michael... 45, 46 

" Rebecca 46 

Col. Thomas. Sr... 45 
" Col. Thomas, Jr. . . 45 

Crigor, Capt 8(> 

Crittenden, Hon. John J. .366 
Crook, Mrs. Major George. 59 

Crookshanks, ( apt 410 

Cunningham, Miss 358 

•' Sir Walter Mont- 
gomery 267 

Curran, Mr 

Custis, Miss Eliza Parke. .164 

Daily, John 59 

Dalrymple. Miss 18 

Dandridge, Miss 345 

" Anne 43, 445 

D'Angonlome, Duchess. . .188 

Darke, General 44 

Darling, C. T 370 

E. 1 870 

Nancy 370 

Darnall, Henry 41 

John 41 

Davan, Kingsmill 57 

Davidge, Mr 377 

Davis, Margaret 37 

De Barrette, Isaac 27 

De Boigne, General 222 

De Bouissa, Governor 39 

De Butts, Mr. and Mrs. . . .287 

De Conde, Prince 185 

De Courcy, Admiral 171 

Captain 171 

Lilly 73 

" Notley Rozier. 78 

William 73 

De Iturbide, Augustin 307 

De La Roche, Charles 27 

De Leisseline 340, 341 

De Mullet, Johanna Juli- 
ana 73 

D'Enghien, Duke 185 

De Passe 402 

De Segur, Count 188 

De Sevigne, Madame 355 

Devereux, Judge .115 

d'Evereux, Gen.. .232, 233, 244 
De Witt, John Van Horn.. 73 
D'Hinojosa, Alexander. ... 23 

Dhu, Donach 385, 386 

Digges, William 41 

Dinwiddle, Governor 42 

Dixon, Jeremiah 29 

Thomas 60 



458 



tl^DEXi 



Donnell, William 354 

d'Orleans, Princess Marie. 20:] 

Douglass, Lady 178 

J3owery, Albert 366 

Drayton, Coleman 75 

Du Bellet, Mr. Henry 254 

Du Boury, Williams 834 

Du Carrousel 181 

Ducis, Mr 186 

Dull'erin, Countess ; . .237 

Dugan, Cura erland 78 

Frederick James. . 78 

" Josephine. 79 

" Margaret Kelso... 78 

Duke of Bedford 177 

Duke of Marlborough 184 

Duke of Rutland 170 

Duke of Sussex 176 

Du Maurier 368 

Dulanv, C4raf ton Lloyd . . . .447 

" ' Mary 647 

Dunlop, Archibald .282 

William 283 

Dunmore, Lord 44 

Duyall, L. M 5!) 

Earl of Egilutoii 2S0 

Easter, Mrs 332 

Eaton, ]Margaret 138 

■Eccleston, Archbishop. .70, 363 

Samuel 301 

Edward, Prince Charles. ;. 386 

EdAvards, Margaret 428 

Thomas 428 

Rev. Tryon 76 

Elder, Ellin ' 78 

Eldridge 414 

Elizabeth, Queen 29, 169 

Ellenborough, Lord 168 

EUicott, Benjamin 73 

Emmet, Robert 172 

England, Rev. John 112 

Eppes, Colonel Richard. . .402 

■Everett, Edward 238, 239 

" ■ Alexander Hill... 243 

Fairfax, William 409 

Fauntleroy 417 

Fendall Josias 37 

Fen wick, Charles G 59 

Colonel.... 118, 274 

Helen 320 

Henry A 320,869 

*' Josoph 309 

Juliet G 369 

Dr Martin 360 

i'erdinand II 3J12 

Ferguson, Christian 380 

Mr 276 

John 278 



Findly, Mr 293 

Fingall, Lord 178 

Fisher, Miss Francis 163 

Fred 163 

Fitzgerald, Lord Edward.. 172 

Elizabeth 387 

John 387 

Fitzherbert, Mrs 46 

Fitzhugh 240 

Fleming, Sir Archibald. . .266 

A. W 382 

Lady 266 

Fleming 414 

Foley, Thomas 70, 71 

Forest, Colonel 8 

Forsyth, Hon John 342 

Fowing, Captain 84 

Fraley, Lieutenant 310 

Franklin, General 417 

Frederick, the Great 184 

Frick, Miss 353 

Fridge, Mr Alexander 48 

Gabriel (Galuiel's War). . . 

324, 325 

Gallego, Mrs 154 

Gallego, Joseph 156 

Galitzin, Priest Prince. ... 70 

Garrett, T. Harrison 94 

Gates, General Horatio. ... 44 

Gay 414 

" Bettie 412 

" Dr. William 412 

Genoa, Duke of 224 

Gerard 190 

George, Prince 320 

III 196 

Ghequiere, Charles .58, 59, 801 

Gibson, James 154 

Gilmor, Robert, Jr 314 

Robert 62 

Mrs Robert, Jr. . .353 

T W 358 

Robert, Sr..76, 251, 258 

William 253 

Giustiniani, Rev Father.. 323 

Gladstone, Hon. W. E 386 

Glencairn, Earl 267 

Godin, Mynheer 31 

Godiva, Lady 197 

Goldsborough, Mrs 344 

■' Sister 93 

Goldsmith, Mr ..293 

" Major Samuel. 

36, 37 

Goodloc, John 268 

Mary 268 

Gordon, Miss"A. C 353 

Basil B 397 



INDEX. 



459 



Gordon, Mrs. Basil B SOS 

Henry S oU7 

" General John B . . 74 

Lady 281,285 

Sir Robert 281 

Sir AVilliam..289, 291 
Graham, Mr, Campbell. ... 54 

Mrs. J. T 8;53 

Sir Robert '.',S:) 

William :!02 

Gravatt, Dr 450 

Gray, Mr i)U 

Miss ]\Iartha o54 

" William 44!) 

Griffin, Martin I. J 70, S(j 

Grignon's 188 

Griswold, Rufus W 104 

Grogan, James Joyce 10 

Grouchv, Marshal 104 

Guest, Bernard R y81 

FB ysi 

" George 381 

Gunn, Mr.." 292 

Gwathnev, Carter 385 

Mrs. F 93 

Mary A 358 

Hager, Jonathan, Jr 45 

Hager, Mrs, Marv 45 

Hall, Miss Elizabeth ;]53 

Hamtramck, Adolphus. ... 74 
" Augustus .... 74 

Butler 74 

David 74 

De Witt 75 

" George Wm.. 74 

" Georgianna . . 74 

" Joseph De 

Mulet 74 

" John Francis. 

il, /o, (4 

" Josephine ... 74 
" Maria Antoin- 
ette 74 

" Mary Rebecca 78 

May 74 

Hand, General Edward. ... 75 

Hannibal 223 

Harden, Mr. Samuel 48 

Harding, Chester 301 

Harford, Colonel F. H. . . . 30 

Harper, Miss Emily 347 

Harris, Hon. J. M 318 

Harrison, President 

140, 141, 142 

*' John 435 

Mr. Richard.... 206 

" William 435 

Hart, Elizabeth 419, 421 



Harvey, INIr Ifii) 

Haslam, Rev. John 401 

Hawkesworth, Mary. . , . . . 18 

Hawkins, Miss " 445 

Hay, Mr 172" 

Hawley, Mr 247 

Hebb, Elizabeth 270 

Col. Yernou 270 

Hedge, Mr 448 

Hegar, Jonathan, Sr 45 

Heiler, John 42() 

Henry, IV 190. 220 

Henry VIII 29 

Henry, Patrick 407 

Henger, Henry 33 

H( nric 33 

Herald, New York G 

Herbert, Mr 170 

Hinojossa, Mr 24, 25 

Hipk'ins, Fanny 375, 416 

John .416 

Hobhouse, John 116 

Hoffman Mr. John 4S, 359 

Mr. Samuel 354 

Mr. S O 354 

Mr. W. H 353 

Holmes, Mr 113 

Hooe, Fanny 417 

Hooper, Henry 79 

Hopewell, Anna 270 

Hopewell, Hugh 270 

Hopkins, Miss Sarah 320 

Basil 320 

Mr 426 

Hopkirk, Mr 293 

Horsey, Outerbridge 79 

Hoult, Ann 19 

Howard, Benjamin C 95 

Charles 115 

Dr 130 

John E (12,115 

Howland, Gardiner G 

447, 448 

Meredith ,447 

Hudde, Andrew 33 

Hughes, Christoiiher 243 

Katharine 76 

Hunter, Mr 343 

Hunt, Mayor Jesse 63 

Hurgan 33 

Hurtado, Minister 334 

Ingersoll, Edward 

239, 242, 244 
Iniquitj', Archbishop.,. . . 219 
Jackson, General AndreAV. 
118, 119, 124, 137, 

139, 140, 143, 344 
Stonewall 337 



460 



INDEX. 



James, Duke of York 29 

James, I 'SH'S 

II 30,388 

VI 202,384 

Jarvis 375 

Jeffersou, Thomas 

01, 119, 120, 121, 
157, 389, 421, 426 

Jenkins. Hugh 66 

H. W 150 

" Miss Julia D 115 

Michael 62 

Jennings, Edward 296 

Young 296, 297 

Jerningham, Mr 178 

Johnson, Chapman 358 

Peter 27 

Hon. Reverdv... 77 
General J. E- ...893 

Josephine 183,187 

Jourtlaiu, Jean 27 

Journal, N. Y. Freeman's. 5 

Journal, N. Y. Hcmie 404 

Kaimes, Lord 204 

Kean 175 

Kemble, Miss Fannie 

140, 354 

Kenmare, Lord 109, 170 

Kennbu, Mary 403 

Kenly, John R 104 

Kennedy, Hon. Anthony. . 94 
Mrs. Elizabeth 

Gray 85, 86 

J. P 

88, 85, 93, 94, 

96, 98, 99, 100, 

103, 109, 110, 

333, 354 

'; Sarah 19 

Kent, William 193 

Kilgore, David 78 

Kilpatrick 418 

Kingsale, Lord 171 

King, Mr 243 

"' Mrs. J. H 375 

" Hon. John P 342 

" General Horatio C..818 

King of Naples 240 

KingRufus 242 

King of Spain 27 

Kip, Hendrick 23 

Kleber, General 221 

Klingle 370 

" J. P 369,370 

" Mrs. Laura C 370 

" Susan Beatrice 370 

Knox, General 7 

Kurtz, Dr 48 



Labedoyere 190 

La Chaise, Pere 190 

La Combe, Madam 46 

Lafayette, General 7, 244 

" Marquis De 

246, 248, 252, 254, 

258, 263, 264 

" Virginie 258 

Lambert, Mr 168 

Landall, Lord and Lady.. .263 

Lanier, Sidney 383 

Lasteyrie, Marquis and 

Marquise 255 to 259 

" Guy and Louis. 259 

Latrobe, Ferdinand C 215 

Mr. John H. B... 

351, 353 
Mrs. John H. B.. 

348, 858 

La Vette, Madame 118 

Law, Mr. Thomas 164, 165 

Lawrence, Abbott 140 

Heer 135 

Lawson, General 116 

Lee, Mr. Charles C 

160, 161, 366 

" Harriet Carroll 320 

" General Henry 

153, 160, 819, 398, 394 

" Major Henry, Jr 160 

" Hon. John 820,390 

" Mrs. John 347 

" Miss Mary 320 

" General R. E 

168, 366, 393, 394 

" Richard Henry 424 

" Colonel Thomas J. . ..859 

" N. H. F 75, 168 

Leigh, Miss Mary S 844 

Leinster, Duke of 259, 264 

Letcher, Governor 30, 398 

Letterman, Dr 320 

Levert, Madame Octavia 

Walton 365 

Lewis, Edwin A 71 

Elizabeth 408 

Lier, Adolj h 868 

" Philip 417 

Lightfoot, Sarah 347 

" Young 92 

Lincoln, General 7 

President 393 

Lingan, General 319 

Livingstone, Miss Cora. . .240 
" Hon. Edward 

253, 254 

Mrs.... 240, 243 

" Mary 74,274 



INDEX. 



461 



Livingstone, Van Brugli. .274 

Lord, Mrs 332 

Louise, Marie 183, 184 

Louis XV 263 

XIV 170,186 

" XVIII 179 

Lucas, Dr 247 

Mrs. F 48 

Lusk, Captain 271* 

Lyle, Lord 267 

Lyon, James 11) 

MacDonald 219 

Macpherson, Harriet 75 

" Colonel John 75 

Mactavish, Mrs. C. C .346 

Madison, James 61, 160 

Magruder, Helen 318 

" Mrs. Judge. . . .356 

Gen. John B... 91 
Judge R. B . . . . 

318, 319 

Malherbe, Mrs 342, 343 

]\Iarean, Eliza 78 

Jlarechal, Archbishop. ..73, 75 
" Ambrose.. ..301, 302 

Marie Antoinette 183 

Marmout 219 

Marshall, Chief Justice. ... 8 

" George 115 

" Judge \Vm. L. . .161 

Martin, Judge 77 

Mrs .Henry New ell. 355 

" Luther 45 

" Lewis 411 

Hon. R. N 76 

Colonel T. B 43 

Mason, Andrew 314 

Charles 29 

George 413 

Massieu 191 

Matheson, Mrs Robertson. 265 

S. R 266 

Matthews, Dal 366 

Daniel 366 

Eliza 366 

John 431 

Liddy 366 

" Gov. Samuel. . .431 

Sukev 366 

Matthew, Father 68, 69 

Maury, General D. H 378 

Maxwell, Jaue 281 

Sir William 281 

Mayer, Frank B 51 

" Mrs 51 

Mayo, Miss 156 

" John 156 

McCaleb ,310 



McAllister, Colonel 267 

" Mrs. Somer- 

ville 204 

McCoy, ]\Irs, Col. Henry. .448 

McCurdv, Captain .' . ..279 

McDonald, Colonel A. AV. 30 

Flora 386 

James 282,283 

John... 285, 287 

289, 298 
Lord. ..288, 3«9. 291 

" Margaret 

281, 283, 285, 

289, 290 

McDouough, Captain 264 

McDuffie 140 

McEkierry, Thomas 59 

McGregor ." 266 

McHenrjs Mr 254 

Mclvernan, Marijaiet 11 

Michael 11 

McKim, Hon. Isaac 64 

David 445 

McKinlej', President 115 

McLane, James 76 

McLean, Colonel F. R 384 

Judo-e 123,125 

McNally, Elise 78 

McShenny, Mrs 376 

Meade, Bishop 425, 432 

Major Gen. Geo. G. 52 

" Miss Margaret 

52, 54. 55, 307 

Richard W 52,307 

" Miss Salvadora... . 52 

Meades, The 414 

Mercer, George 43 

John" 95, 96 

Merchant, Antoinette 73 

" Chas. Alexander 73 

Meredith, Miss Emma ;;53 

" Jonathan 76 

" Rebecca Salmon 76 

' William 354 

Miller, Alfred J 51 

Mr 411 

Miluor, Miss 332 

Mirror, The Catholic 89 

Monroe, James. . . .160, 324, 421 

Montgomery, Mr 282 

Lewis M 71 

Lord 266 

Montoya,Seuor Jose Maria.316 

Moody, Stewart 297 

Moore, Robert 60 

Mordecai, Samuel 154 

Morgan, Commodore 

309, 311, 312, 313 



^62 



INDEX, 



Morgan, General DanieL. .309 

Morris, Commodore 310 

Morris, Grenfnil George.. .113 

John B 162 

Robert 11 

Morrison, Miss Mary 370 

MuUan, Emma Verita 71 

" Frank Drexel 71 

"• Captain Joliu ..71, 445 

" Mary Rebecca 71 

Mullin, M. A 59 

Munf ord, Robert 409 

Muukacsy, Michael 368 

Murat ^43 

" Napoleon Aehille.. .343 

Murray, James 408 

Neale, Captain James. .]^,. 37 
Neill, Alexander. . . .17, 18, 19 

Nelms, Mrs 48 

Nelson, S. P 17, 64 

Nevins, Mrs 48 

News, London Illustrated. 269 

Ney 190 

Nicholas, Colonel.., 39, 40, 314 

Mrs 325 

George 326 

" Spear 326 

" Mary Spear 323 

Judge P. N 325 

R.C....325, 326, 413 
Nicholson, Captain Joseph. 319 

Nisbet, Lady 341 

Cassandra 92,359 

Miss Colgate 353 

Norman, Miss 

Norris, William Henry. ... 19 

O'Connell, Daniel . . .' 172 

O'Connor, Bishop 12 

O'Dounell, Gen. Columbus 60 

Offutt, Elizabeth 19 

William 19 

O'Keere, Rev. Father 71 

Oliver, John 00 

Robert 60 

O'Maley 235 

O'Neill, Miss 207 

Ord, General E. O. C. . .46, 47 

" James 46 

Orme, Captain 42 

Ormonde, Lord and Lady. 263 

Owen, Mrs 17, 18, 20 

" Agnes 19 

Ann..., 114 

Ann Boyd 19 

" Kennedy 18, 19 

" Lawrence 19,20 

Rachel 13 

" Rebecca 19 



Owen,", Robert. . ..18, 19, 20, 3f 

Sally m 

Paca, John 73 

Nannie 73 

Paquiet, J. B. F 334 

Patterson, Mrs. Robert 235 

Mrs 389,292 

" Peter 

280^ 283, 284,' 354 
William... 62, 325 

Paulding, James K 403 

Pauline, Princess 227, 228 

Peale, Anna 83 

" Charles Wilson.... 11 

Rembrandt 7,8,11 

Miss Sarah 348 

Peirce, Joshua 36? 

Pelham 354 

Pendleton, Philip 44 

Penn, William 29, 31, 41 

Penrose, Mr 169 

Perry 304 

Peters, John 283 

Pinkney, Edward Coate . 83, 86 
'' Campbell White. 445 

Edward 445 

Miss Elizabeth.. .245 
" Hon. William. ... 

83, 245, 445 

Pitt, Mr 296 

Pius VIL, Pope 302 

Plater, Governor 273 

" Anna Eliza 273 

Plato 447 

Pleasants, Mrs 131 

Pluuket, Mr 173 

Pocahontas 359, 397, 

401 to 404 

Caroline 382 

Pochon, Mr 17 

Poe, Edgar A 333 

Ponsonby, Miss 174 

Porter, Hon. Alexander. .. 67 

Poyars, Miss 402: 

Poythress, Elizabeth 387 

Pratt, Chief Justice 416. 

" Fanny 416 

Prentice, Mr 121 

Prescott, William 410 

Preston, Ballard 382 

Prince, Regent 194 

Princess, Russian 184 

of Wales 178 

Pryor, William 428 

Pue, Rebecca 320 

Ramsay, James 60 

Randall, Hon. Alexander. 90 
" Mrs. Alexander. .342 



ixi>e:s;. 



403 



Bandolph, Edmund 32G 

David Meade .,157 
John... 138, 140, 

401 to 411 

Sir John 426 

" Mrs. Mary 157 

N ." 154 

" Peyton 183 

Richard 403 

Robert 358 

Randolphs, The 414 

Ravaillac 230 

Read, T. B 368 

" Mrs. W. G 347 

" William George ... 115 

Rennie, Mr 300 

Reis,Mr 48 

Richardson, Mr 339, 340 

Riddell, Agnes 18 

" Alexander 19 

Robert, Sr 

18, 19, 58, 79 

Robert, Jr 18, 19 

Rider, Mr 363 

" •,i=.Job'i ,53 

Ptia ^'eiy. Mv» 320 

L>avid 315 

Miss Eliza 330 

John 330 

Rives, William Cabell. .158, 160 

Robb, Fanny 383 

Gay 383 

Helen 383 

Mrs. Helen Struan..419 

J. B 383 

Mrs. P. L 383,449 

R. G 383 

Robertson, Agnes 387 

Alexander 386 

Ann 382,886 

" Archibald 

387, 389, 450 

'' Arthur 386 

Boiling 404 

" Christian 387 

" Elizabeth 387 

Gay 883 

" Miss Jane Gay. 

154, 155, 375, 897 

J. B 383 

Judge. 392, 396,413 

Hon.R. S 397 

" Hon. John 

342, 386, 887, 

890, 398 
Powhatan.382, 390 

Robert P 387 

Sheriff 38G 



Robertson, T. B 389 

Dr. T. S 386 

William 

381, 386, 387, 

■390, S98 
'' Wvndhani. . . . 

359, 360, 395, 414 

Robez, M. de 254 

Robinson, Conway. , 345 

Horse Shoe. .97, 98 

Roche, Colonel 166 

Rochambeau, General 7 

Roelands, Robert 26, 27 

Rogers, Mrs. Llovd N 165 

Lloyd...' ,235 

Rootes, Mr.' Edward M 167 

Rolfe, Jane 402, 414 

John 401 

Thomas 403 

Rowan, Archibald Hamilton 
336, 288 

Rowland, K. M 418 

Rumbold, Ladv 164 

Rush, Dr. Benjamin. .268, 269 

Saint Meniin, Julien 158 

Salmon, George 59 

Savin, Sarah 419, 423 

Scheffer, Ary 368 

Schuyler, Mary 76 

ir cott, Bessie 883 

" Gay 383 

" General 873 

" Mrs. General 

147, 346, 347, 363 

Lelia 382 

" Dr. M. P 382 

" Sir Walter 265 

Seekamp, Albert 70 

Belby, Eliza 71, 74 

Gay 71 

Selden, Francis 92 

Seton, Madame 302, 8;i4 

Sew ell, Nicholas 41 

Sharp, Governor 42 

Shields, Agnes 115 

Ashton 115 

" Devereux 115 

Mrs. Julia D 

89, 90, 115, 142 
Thomas Clifton.. .116 

" Wilmer 115 

Shimmel, Peter 143 

Shippen, William 320 

Shubrick, Miss 353 

Sicard, Abbe 191 

Sickle, E 368 

Simonds, Mr 306 

Sketchly, Captain 167 



4(>i 



INDEX. 



Singleton, Miss Aniielica. . 

339, 341 

Skinner, Mr. John S 363 

Skipwith, Eliza B 

92, 353, 396 to 398 

Mr 345 

Lieut 396 

Dr. Henry 396 

" Henry, Jr 397 

Humbertson .... 390 

Lelia 389 

Peyton 390 

Slaughter, Rev. Philip. . . .397 

Smardon, Mr .377 

Smith, Judge 19 

" Anna 431 

Charles Edward. . .419 

Miss Emily 359 

" Henrietta Heuly... 70 
" Jonathan Bayard. . 70 

John Henly 70 

Major John 431 

Mrs. John Henly.. 83 

" Louis 833 

Mary .359 

Mary Yates 19 

Samuel W 306 

" General Samuel. . ..335 

Snowden, John ,.320 

Somers, Sir George 333 

Somerville, Agues. 

86, 90, 114, 145, 

292, 356, 360 
'' Anna Maria. . .156 

" Lord Aubrey 

John... .265,269 
Charles Tier- 
nan 116 

Elizabeth. 11 6, 273 
" Dr. George. . . 

289, 292 
" H V 

52, 83, 116'to 126, 
131 to 162, 244 to 
274, 316, 317, 375, 

377, 446, 447 

Mrs. H. V 

Ill, 375, -445, 448 

" James H 

93, 94, 103, 145, 266, 

267, 268, 275, 278 

Jenny 278 

John... 267 to 287 
Joseph Fowlerll7 

" Juliana 156 

Kennox.290to292 

Margaret 267 

" Mary Louisa.. 117 



Somerville, Nancy , .288 

Mrs. Rebecca. 
52, 54, 86, 92 to 105, 
114, 115, 133, 144 to 
155, 161, 274, 287, 

289, 317, 354 
" Robert (.."ole- 

man Brien..ll7 
Thomas D.... 270 

Thomas T 270 

Walter 279 

W. C 

116, 153 to 169, 205, 
232, 239, 242 to 273 
William.. .288, 293 
" William Tier- 
nan 116, 132 

Sophia, Princess 178 

Spalding, Archbishop 71 

Sparks, liev. Jared 236 

Spear, Dorothy 325 

Colonel John 325 

Miss Mary S2r> 

William.. 325. 

Spencer, David Wiliiaiiisr'^ 7i 

J.jv'^ 71 

Spranger, Dr. b . X . Jr, . ..370 
Sprigg, Governor Samuel. 30G 

Spring, Robert 69, 70 

Stannard, William G 429 

Stafford, Baron 235 

Stauf, Frederick 315 

Stephen, Adam ;343 

Stephens, Alexander H. ...395 
Stevens, Gov. Samuel, Jr. .306 

Stirling 266 

Stith, Anne 402 

Strieker, Miss Catherine. .319 
" General John. . .. 

318, 319 
" Captain George. . 319 
" Helen Catherine. 

319, 820 

Laura 319 

Margaret 319 

Stuart 11 

" Gilbert 162 

" General J. E. B 72 

Stuyvesant, Geu 24, 26, 29 

Suchet ....186 

Sully, Tiiomas 375 

Sun, The Baltimore.48, 76, 331 

Sussex, Duke of 234 

Suzette, Homoselle 333 

Swann, Governor Thomas.315 

Swanson, Jacob 33 

Sweariugen, Barbara de 

Barette..21, 26, 27, 46 



INDEX. 



465 



Sweariugen, Charles 18 

" " Drusilla 45 

" Gerret Van. . 

31 to 41 

Elizabeth 

26, 27, 46 

" Joseph 44 

Rebecca. ...21, 83 

Ruth 4.5 

" Samuel 21 

Thomas 

21, 42 to 44 

Van 21 to 44 

Zacharias...26,27 

Sweden, Queen of 242 

Tait, Mrs. Anna 366 

" Eliza Morrison 368 

" George 368 

" John R 368 

" Mrs. John R 103 

Talbot, Miss 189 

Tarleton, General 209 

Colonel 408 

Taney, Chief Justice 

51, 308, 309 

Taylor, Colonel J 376 

" Mrs 48 

J. P 381 

William P 881 

Tazwell, Dr 358 

Governor L.W... 395 

Thatcher, Henry A 43 

Thomas, Evan 48 

Mrs.J. H 347 

J. R 395 

Governor P. F... 395 

Thomson, James 72 

Hon. W 392 

Thornton, Caroline 847 

Mrs 346 

Winifred 419 

Tiernan, Mrs. Anna 

54, 55, 70, 80, 318, 371 

Ann E 80 

AnnaD 368 

" Agnes 79 

" Colonel 8 

Rev. Canon. .6, 14, t? 

Catherine 76,80 

" Charles 

352, 354, 363, 445 
Charles B.......369 

" Eliza Jane.. . .11, 12 

Elizabeth 72 

" Francis 11 

Gay B.... 52 

Gay R 

90, 323, 347, 348 



Tiernan, G. R 

348, 358, 360, 366, 
367, 375, 398, 403 

G. B 354, 367 

" Miss Helen 320 

" James M 163 

" Kennedy Owen.. 79 

" Laura 371 

" Maria Ann 70 

Mrs. Mary S 

83, 316, 323 to 332 

Michael 11,79 

Patrick.. .7, 11, 79, 80 

Paul 14, 79 

Peter 11 

" Rebecca 118 

Sally 79 

" William 

14, 70, 79, 375 

Tiffany, Mrs. William 854 

Tilghman, Anna Maria. ... 19 
Richard Llovd. 19 

Times, New York 312, 417 

Tower, C 263 

Travers, Miss Ellen 353 

Trent, Ann 390 

Trigg, Mr. and Mrs 92 

Connolly F 359 

Triplett 358 

Troup, Dr. Henry 71 

Tubman, Rev 20 

Tucker, Rev. Josiah 195 

" Virginia 345 

Turnbull, Mrs. Lawrence.. 332 

Tuscany, Duke of 224 

Tyler 100 

■" John 141 

" Hon. Lvon G 427 

Upshur, Mr.*; 98 

Utie, Colonel Nathaniel. .. 

22, 23, 36, 37 

" George 36 

Uxbridge, Lord 214 

Van Buren, Martin 

138, 141, 339, 342 
Van Bibber, Dr. Washing- 
ton Chew 79, 116 

Van Heeck, John 27 

Victoria, Queen 167 

A'oorhees, Captain 311 

Walkers, The 414 

Walker, Elizabeth 21 

Waller. Mr 416 

Ward, Frederick 78 

AYilliam H 78 

Warford, Elislia 76 

Richard Colvin.. 76 
Warner, Mr 278 



466 



IJSTDEX. 



Warren, Mr 203 

Warrington, L 309 

Washington, General 

7, 8, 11, 43 to 44, 62, 
69,183,230,231,285, 

395, 410,- 424 
" John Augus- 
tine 424 

" Samuel 44 

Mrs 1^4 

Waters, Mr 114 

Mrs 115 

" Agnes 115 

" Elizabeth 115 

" Dr. Horace 115 

" Rebecca 115 

Wattles, J 48, 51 

Weber, August 368 

" Miss Augusta 370 

Webster, Daniel 141, 143 

Wellington, Duke of 234 

West, Hugh 43 

Whelan, Miss Emily 315 

Wheeler, Mary 397 

Whimster, William S 383 

White, C. I....V 71 

Charles R 115 

" Julian Leroy 330 

Whitfield, Archbishop 318 

Whitney, Secretary 313 

Whitridge, Mrs. H. L 353 

Wigton, Earl of 263 

Wilde, John and Mrs 113 

" Richard Henry. .. . 

103 to 113 

William 113 

Wilkie 4C8 

William 1 316 

III 316 

IV 267 

King 70 



Willemson, Jan 23 

Williams, Mrs. C. D 245 

Elizabeth P 448 

" Susan May 315 

Williamson, Mr 52 

" Albertiua 73 

" Charles Alex- 
ander 78 

" Charles Henry 71 

David. ...71, 72, 73 

Florence 71 

" James 72 

John 72 

" Juliana 73 

" Julia Johana. 71 
" Luke Tiernan 71 
" Marie Antoi- 
nette 71 

" Sarah Joseph- 
ine 71 

" Virginia 72 

William and Mary 408 

Wallis, S. Teackle 77 

Wilson, a. B 75 

" J. Appleton 417 

" Mary Virginia. . .. 75 

Mary W 53 

Wirt, Miss Catherine 342 

" Miss Ellen 91,93 

" Miss Elizabeth 90 

" Mrs. William 90 

" Hon. William 

90, 126, 171, 343, 448 

Wright, Bernard 171 

Wyer, Wedderstrand Ann. 73 

Wythe 430 

Xavier, Sister 11 

Young, Alexander 70 

" Jacob 37 

" Mary Rebecca 70 

Zacharias, Miss 333 



:S 



